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Berezkin/Duvakin Catalogue of Motifs
English translation, enhancements and additional metadata by Jonathan Fielder-White
Source: Berezkin and Duvakin's Analytical Catalogue · Original catalogue (Russian)
About the catalogue and its sources
Unless otherwise stated, narrative and tradition data comes from Berezkin and Duvakin's Thematic classification and distribution of folklore and mythological motifs by area (Analytical catalogue).
Original Berezkin/Duvakin catalogue (Russian)
The English translation uses AI assistance alongside manual verification. Errors may occur; consult the original source when in doubt.
All motif categories
| Ref | Title | Summary | Traditions | Narratives ▲ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| J62b In J62 family | Those transformed into animals are disenchanted. | The character turns those who come to him into animals. Thanks to the hero, they are disenchanted. | 9 | 10 |
| K100i In K100 family | Intoxication and immobilisation of a strongman. | A powerful character loses his strength (self-control) after being intoxicated and then admits that the hop is stronger than him. (See Neklyudov 2025a; 2025b). | 6 | 10 |
| K103c In K103 family | The bull-helper fights in the copper forest. | Sitting on a bull or a cow, a young man or woman runs away from their stepmother's house. Along the way, the bull fights other bulls (monsters), the last of which usually kills it. | 8 | 10 |
| K107e In K107 family | Delayed childbirth. | A woman remains pregnant for many years and gives birth only after her wonderful husband, who has left her, or someone else allows her to do so. | 10 | 10 |
| K111 | Animal suitors rejected, Sun accepted. | The girl's mother consistently rejects birds and animals that propose to her daughter, but accepts the proposal of a heavenly anthropomorphic character. | 8 | 10 |
| K156 | Will the flowers under the pillow wilt? | A girl pretends to be a man. To determine who it really is, flowers are placed under the pillow or mattress. If a man is sleeping, they will remain fresh, but if a woman is sleeping, they will wilt by morning (or if a woman is sleeping, the milk left under the bed will sour). | 11 | 10 |
| K1j In K1 family | The abandoned returns faster than the abandoner. | The abandoned one turns into a bird and returns home faster than the one who abandoned him. | 9 | 10 |
| K20 | Mortal desires a star, C15.1, C15.1.1. | Looking at the sky at night, a man or woman expresses a desire to marry a star or the Moon (kuchin: to possess a star as an object). See motifs K19a, K19b. | 72 | 10 |
| K27g3 In K27 family | One falls – all fall. | To fell all the trees in the forest, a man fells one (lightly touching it with an axe), after which all the trees fall. | 10 | 10 |
| K27y1 In K27 family | Coal arrowheads. | The character believes or pretends that arrowheads should be made of bark, coal, grass, and similar materials. | 9 | 10 |
| K35a5 In K35 family | A sign by which the patron recognises the visitor. | An authoritative character leaves an object (a letter) for a little boy, by which he will be able to recognise him when he grows up and comes to him. | 10 | 10 |
| K64c In K64 family | The blacksmith blinds the cyclops. | The person who gouges out or burns out the cyclops's only (sighted) eye is a blacksmith. | 6 | 10 |
| k73a9 In k73 family | The talking bed. | Lying on the marital bed, the deceiver, who has taken the place of the real wife, hears the conversation of her rival or her children, and in the morning orders the bed to be destroyed. | 11 | 10 |
| K87a In K87 family | The stolen boy. | A forest woman receives or kidnaps a little boy and raises him to be her lover. | 15 | 10 |
| K87a1 In K87 family | The child is handed over. | A demonic woman asks the baby's mother to let her hold him or secretly replaces another person who was supposed to take the child. Once she has the baby, the demon takes him away. | 13 | 10 |
| K89c In K89 family | Brother-helper is married to a bear. | A girl parts with her brother or sister. He or she becomes the wife or husband of a bear and helps the girl. | 9 | 10 |
| L103b1 In L103 family | A stream of excrement in the face of the pursuer. 28.30.-.32. | The hero or heroine flees from a demon on the back of a domestic animal (often a bull). When the demon approaches, the animal releases a stream of manure or intestinal gas into its face, and it stops the chase. | 5 | 10 |
| L39c In L39 family | Grown from a seed. | A boy (less often a girl) climbs a fruit tree that has just grown (usually from a discarded seed). A cannibal tries to force the boy (girl) to come down to the ground. | 9 | 10 |
| L40a In L40 family | A woman mistakes a young man's reflection for her own. | An unattractive woman sees the reflection of a young man sitting in a tree in the water and thinks that she has become beautiful. | 5 | 10 |
| L42b1 In L42 family | Frying pans are placed on top of each other. | A character kidnapped by a demon advises him to stack pots, pans and other kitchen items on top of each other and climb up them. He does so, falls and breaks. | 6 | 10 |
| L65b5 In L65 family | The hero's dogs at the princess's wedding. | Despite obstacles, the young man's dogs or other animals serving him get to the princess just as she is about to be given away to a deceiver. | 8 | 10 |
| L73a In L73 family | Darkness behind, light ahead. | The fugitives make sure that darkness spreads behind them, hindering their pursuers (while light pours in front of them). | 11 | 10 |
| L9f In L9 family | Golden nose or teeth. | A person with a nose or teeth made of gold or silver is a sign of their demonic nature. | 11 | 10 |
| M105a In M105 family | Allegedly murdered children. | A character hides his children, but tells another that he has killed them. The other believes him and kills his own children. See motif M104. | 6 | 10 |
| M112b In M112 family | Animals build a road, ATU 55. | Animals that do not see the sun (moles, shrews, earthworms) refuse to build the road with everyone else and are punished for it. | 13 | 10 |
| M117 | Head under the wing, ATU 56D. | A fox or other predator asks a bird what it does when the wind blows. The bird shows how it puts its head under its wing, and the fox catches it. | 13 | 10 |
| M120c In M120 family | Shared children. | Two animals agree to raise children together. One of them eats the other's children, continuing to pretend that the children are shared and that it does not matter which ones are missing. | 9 | 10 |
| M15 | Tied to a tree. | A man ties a girl or young woman to the top of a tree or places her on the treetop as if on a stake. People try to rescue her. | 7 | 10 |
| M152c In M152 family | The lion and the donkey at the ford. | The weak companion of a large predator pretends to be strong and brave. When he is carried away by the river or drowns in a swamp, and the predator pulls him out, the companion pretends to be angry (for preventing him from catching fish, etc.). | 9 | 10 |
| M164a In M164 family | The smell from the lion's mouth, ATU 51A. | Asking animals whether his mouth really smells bad (or his lair is dirty), the predator (lion, wolf) kills both those who answer honestly and those who flatter him. The cunning one says he cannot answer because he has a cold (he forgot his glasses). | 19 | 10 |
| M188a In M188 family | Jackal on the throne. | The character demands to be addressed as a ruler (usually sits on a pile of rubbish and demands to be recognised as king). One of the animals exposes him. | 9 | 10 |
| M198a2 In M198 family | Stone with a wormhole. | A person determines, based on characteristics invisible to others, that a valuable item (a gemstone, an expensive sword) has a flaw and is of little value. | 11 | 10 |
| M1a In M1 family | The caiman carries the Pleiades brothers. | The caiman transports one of the brothers or a group of brothers, who then turn into the Pleiades. It usually bites off the leg of the youngest. Cf. motif K13B. | 6 | 10 |
| M21b In M21 family | Every deception is the beginning of the next. | The character consistently harms others in such a way that each person who has been deceived is used as a tool to harm the next. | 7 | 10 |
| M29nn In M29 family | Trickster - Earth Squirrel (Xerus inauris) | See the motives in square brackets. | 8 | 10 |
| M39a3a In M39 family | Oiled soil | fool sees cracked objects (stumps, earth, ice), sympathizes with them and oils them. | 8 | 10 |
| M39a4g In M39 family | A fool sells property to dogs | Fool sells property to the dogs and believes that they will pay him. Trying to get his money, he finds treasure | 12 | 10 |
| M39b In M39 family | He attacks his own plague | A person does not notice that he turned and swam back on the way, so he takes his home for enemies, kills his own relatives. | 13 | 10 |
| M68 | When the winds blow, it scares the game | Because of his own stubbornness, the character suffers from an irrepressible gas eruption and scares away the game with a loud sound. Almost starves to death. | 12 | 10 |
| M84b2 In M84 family | Birds eaten and animated | The character carefully preserves the bones of migratory birds eaten (not fish or animals) and the birds come to life again. (Episodes of reviving a domestic goose or rooster are not taken into account in everyday tales). | 7 | 10 |
| M90a3 In M90 family | The tree grew out of a snake | plant grows from a killed snake or part of a snake's body. | 8 | 10 |
| M90b In M90 family | The sun is rising from the west | The character was wrong when he claimed that the sun would never rise in the west or go down after midnight. | 11 | 10 |
| N28e In N28 family | The bridge across the sea | In a list of things that do not exist in the world, a bridge across the sea, ocean or lake is mentioned | 6 | 10 |
| N9 | Who's coming closer? | Two characters discuss the rider's approach. A person with a higher social status explains that what seems like crows are actually clods of earth flying from under the horse's hooves, and what seems like snow, cloud or fog is falling from his foam or his breath. | 4 | 10 |
| A2e In A2 family | The sun and moon – severed heads. | The sun and/or moon – severed heads of anthropomorphic beings. | 11 | 11 |
| B106 | The heavenly rooster. | First, the heavenly rooster crows (or the underground roosters crow), and only then do the earthly roosters crow. | 12 | 11 |
| B120 | Winter hibernation of snotty creatures. | There are creatures that sleep in winter, and frozen snot hangs from their noses. (Motif identified by Evgenia Korovina). | 14 | 11 |
| B123 | A fly instead of a nail, ATU 772*. | A fly lands on the chest of the crucified Jesus. His persecutors, who intended to drive a nail into his heart, do not do so, believing that the nail has already been driven in. | 8 | 11 |
| B1a In B1 family | Three worlds: division of the universe. | Anthropomorphic characters agree to divide the tiers of the universe among themselves – heaven, earth and the underworld. | 8 | 11 |
| B1H In B1 family | The hero and his ten brothers | 4 | 11 |
Tradition and narrative counts are the stored catalogue totals for each entry.