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Stith Thompson Motif Index
About this index and how to read it
Stith Thompson's Motif-Index of Folk-Literature classifies recurring narrative elements in folktales, myths, legends, ballads and related traditional narratives. Each entry below gives Thompson's motif reference and the description recorded in the index.
The index is large, so this browser displays 250 entries per page. You can search by motif reference or by words in the description, restrict the results to one of Thompson's main letter categories, and click motif references mentioned inside descriptions to follow cross-references. Individual motif pages also show any ATU tale types whose concordance explicitly cites that Thompson reference.
All
A
Mythological Motifs
B
Animal Motifs
C
Motifs of Tabu
D
Magic
E
The Dead
F
Marvels
G
Ogres
H
Tests
J
The Wise and the Foolish
K
Deceptions
L
Reversals of Fortune
M
Ordaining the Future
N
Chance and Fate
P
Society
Q
Rewards and Punishments
R
Captives and Fugitives
S
Unnatural Cruelty
T
Sex
U
The Nature of Life
V
Religion
W
Traits of Character
X
Humor
Z
Miscellaneous Groups of Motifs
| Thompson reference ▲ | Description |
|---|---|
| E711.2.6 | Soul in bamboo. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E711.3 | Soul in jewel. BP III 439.—India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| E711.4 | Soul in necklace. BP III 439.—India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| E711.5 | Soul in sack. Fb "pose" II 864. |
| E711.6 | Life in stick. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E711.7 | Soul in stone. (Cf. E761.5.5.) Irish myth: *Cross; Icelandic: Boberg. |
| E711.8 | Soul in golden apple. (Cf. F813.1.1.) Irish myth: *Cross. |
| E711.9 | Soul in golden ball. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E711.10 | Soul in sword. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| E711.11 | Soul in snow. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E711.12 | Soul in dice. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E711.13 | Soul in arrow. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E711.14 | Soul in axe. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E711.15 | Soul in bird cage. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E712 | Hidden soul (life). |
| E712.1 | Soul hidden in tree. *BP III 440; India: *Thompson-Balys, *Penzer V 127 n. 1. |
| E712.2 | Soul hidden in safe. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E712.3 | Soul hidden in urn. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E712.4 | Soul hidden in box. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E712.5 | Soul hidden in pillar. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E712.6 | Soul hidden in fish basket. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E712.7 | Soul hidden in water bottle. Tuamotu: Stimson MS (z-G 13/174). |
| E713 | Soul hidden in a series of coverings. This motif is combined with several others. Usually the soul will be hidden in an egg, in a duck, in a well, in a church, or a similar series. *BP III 439; MacCulloch Childhood 134; Penzer I 131; Irish myth: *Cross; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| E713.1 | Soul hidden in apple (ball) in a salmon which appears every seven years in certain fountain. (Cf. D1651.10.) Irish myth: *Cross. |
| E714 | Soul (or life) kept in special part of body. *Krappe in Penzer Ocean of Story VIII 107; Greek: Frazer Apollodorus II 117 n. 3; N. A. Indian: *Hultkrantz 166-178. |
| E714.1 | Soul (life) in the blood. *Fb "blod" IV 46b, "sjæl" III 213b; Paris Zs. f. Vksk. XIII 12 n. 1; Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 4; Jewish: Neuman. |
| E714.2 | Serpent's life in its gold crown. Type 672B; *BP II 463; Chinese: Graham. |
| E714.3 | Soul in head. Eskimo (Greenland): Holm 83. |
| E714.3.1 | Troll's life in his brother's forehead. *Fb "hjærte" I 631a. |
| E714.4 | Soul (life) in the heart. Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 4; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E714.4.1 | Eaten heart gives one the owner's qualities. Fb "hjærte" IV 218b; N. A. Indian: *Hultkrantz 397—411; Jewish: Neuman; Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| E714.5 | Soul (life) in the liver. Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 4. |
| E714.6 | Soul (life) in the breath. Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 7; Jewish: Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys; N. A. Indian: *Hultkrantz 179—208. |
| E714.7 | Soul (life) in left hand. Penzer I 127, VIII 109 n. 3. |
| E714.7.1 | Soul (life) in thumb. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E714.8 | Monster with life in his neck. (One vulnerable place.) India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E714.9 | Giant's soul in a mole in the hollow of his palm. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E714.10 | Ogre's soul in "pale spot" below his right ear. (Cf. Z311.2.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| E714.11 | Life (soul) in entrails. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E714.12 | Soul in hair. Greek: *Grote I 203. |
| E714.13 | Soul fastened to spine. Jewish: Neuman. |
| E715 | Separable soul kept in animal. *Krappe in Penzer Ocean of Story VIII 107; Fb "liv" II 438b. |
| E715.1 | Separable soul in bird. BP III 440; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| E715.1.1 | Separable soul in duck. *Fb "and" IV 12b. |
| E715.1.2 | Separable soul in crop of sparrow. Penzer I 131f. |
| E715.1.3 | Separable soul in parrot. India: *Thompson-Balys, Penzer I 131. |
| E715.1.3.1 | Ogre's life in parrot's feather in man's pocket. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E715.1.3.2 | Ogre with life in parrot, speaks from inside parrot. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E715.1.4 | Soul in crane. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E715.1.5 | Soul in starling. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E715.1.6 | Soul in raven. Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen III 56. |
| E715.2 | Separable soul in fish. (Cf. B175.) BP III 440; Irish myth: *Cross; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E715.3 | Separable soul in insect. |
| E715.3.1 | Separable soul in bee. BP III 440; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| E715.3.2 | Separable soul in fly. Africa (Bambara): Equilbecq II 88ff. No. 25. |
| E715.3.3 | Separable soul in hornet. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E715.4 | Separable soul in wild animal. |
| E715.4.1 | Separable soul in deer. Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen III 55. |
| E715.4.2 | Separable soul in wolf. Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen III 55. |
| E715.4.3 | Separable soul in walrus. Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen III 55. |
| E715.4.4 | Separable soul in seal. Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen III 55. |
| E715.5 | Separable soul in snake. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E715.5.1 | Separable soul in toad. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E715.6 | Separable soul in hydra's head. Penzer I 132. |
| E718 | Multiple separable souls: ogre's separable spirits live in a tree (plant), fish, honey bee. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E720 | Soul leaves or enters the body. |
| E720.1 | Souls of human beings seen in dream. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| E721 | Soul journeys from the body. *Frazer Golden Bough III 36ff.; Penzer I 37 n. 1.—*Celtic: H. Hartmann Ueber Krankheit, Tod und Jenseitsvorstellungen in Irland (Erster Teil: Krankheit und Fairyentrückung) (Halle, 1942); Irish myth: *Cross; Norwegian: Solheim Register 16; Estonian: Loorits Grundzüge I 289—295, 305—311; Slavic: Máchal 227; India: Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Werner 267; Japanese: Ikeda; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen III 171, 178, (West Hudson Bay): Boas BAM XV 326; N. A. Indian: Hultkrantz 241—291. |
| E721.0.1 | Mark inflicted on wandering soul seen on body after soul's return. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E721.1 | Soul wanders from body in sleep. Dreams explained as experiences of the soul on these wanderings. *Frazer Golden Bough III 36ff.; Fb "sjæl" III 213a; Tobler 22, 37, 67; Herbert III 209; Oesterley Gesta Romanorum No. 172.—English: Guy of Warwick (EETS extra ser. XXV) lines 9358ff.; Icelandic: Boberg; Irish: Plummer clxxii, *Cross; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3520; Jewish: *Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Werner 93; Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 473f.; Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 144, 173f.; Cook Islands: Clark 81; Marquesas: Handy 81; Easter Island: Métraux Ethnology 56, 363; Eskimo (Greenland): Holm 62; Africa (Fang): Trilles 133. |
| E721.1.1 | Sleeper not to be awakened, since soul is absent. *Frazer Golden Bough III 37ff.; Tobler 38. |
| E721.1.2 | Soul of sleeper prevented from returning to his body. Frazer Golden Bough III 38; India: Thompson-Balys; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen II 320. |
| E721.1.2.1 | Soul of sleeper prevented from returning when it is captured in animal form. Frazer Golden Bough III 38. |
| E721.1.2.2 | Soul of sleeper prevented from returning by moving the sleeper's body. (Cf E431.7.2.1.) Frazer Golden Bough III 41; Irish myth: Cross. |
| E721.1.2.3 | Soul of sleeper prevented from returning by burning the body. India: Thompson-Balys, *Penzer I 39 n. 2. |
| E721.1.2.3.1 | Body dismembered so soul cannot return. Eskimo (Greenland): Rink 287. |
| E721.1.2.4 | Soul of sleeper prevented from returning to his body when soul as bee leaves body and enters hole in wall beside which he is sleeping. (Cf. E734.2.) England: Baughman. |
| E721.1.2.5 | Frightened soul cannot return to body. Eskimo (Greenland): Rink 452. |
| E721.2 | Body in trance while soul is absent. *Fb "legeme" II 393a, "heks" I 581a, "sjæl" III 215a; Icelandic: MacCulloch Eddic 299—300. |
| E721.3 | Wandering soul cause of sickness. Frazer Golden Bough III 53ff.; Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 6; Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 473f.; N. A. Indian: *Hultkrantz 448—463. |
| E721.3.1 | Madness from spirit leaving body: comes back with cough. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E721.4 | Wandering soul detained by ghosts. Frazer Golden Bough III 52ff. |
| E721.5 | Wandering soul assumes various shapes. Fb "sjæl" III 214a. |
| E721.5.1 | Wandering soul assumes shape of wolf. (Cf. D113.1.1, E731.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| E721.6 | On return to body soul crosses on scythe-blade as bridge. *Fb "høle" I 747a; Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| E721.7 | Soul leaves body to visit hell (heaven). (Cf. V511.1, V511.2.) Irish myth: *Cross; Jewish: *Neuman. |
| E721.8 | Soul leaves body to converse with dead. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E721.9 | Soul of embryo wanders. Jewish: Neuman. |
| E721.10 | Soul takes voyage. Cook Islands: Beckwith Myth 157. |
| E722 | Soul leaves body at death. India: Thompson-Balys; Irish myth: Cross. |
| E722.1 | Form of soul as it leaves body at death. |
| E722.1.1 | Soul as black or white spirit over coffin. Black if condemned. Can be seen by peeping between horse's ears. Fb "sjæl" III 214b. |
| E722.1.2 | Soul as black or white entity. Black if condemned. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| E722.1.3 | Soul leaves body as small point of light. England: Baughman. |
| E722.1.4 | Soul leaves the body in form of bird. (Cf. E732.) England: Baughman; Korean: Zong in-Sob 30. |
| E722.2 | Manner of soul's leaving body. Jewish: Neuman. |
| E722.2.1 | Soul borne away on cloud. (Cf. E754.6.) Chinese: Werner 267. |
| E722.2.2 | Soul borne away on wind. Chinese: Werner 314. |
| E722.2.3 | Roof taken off above sick man who cannot die. This done so that the soul can escape. Zachariae Zs. f. Vksk XVIII 445; *Fb "engel" I 250. |
| E722.2.4 | Condemned soul forked from body by Satan. (Cf. E752.2.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| E722.2.5 | Saved soul leaps from body on hearing heavenly music. (Cf. E754.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| E722.2.6 | Doors fly open when one dies. North Carolina: Brown Collection I 685. |
| E722.2.7 | Soul weeps when departing from body. (Cf. E551.) Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3504. |
| E722.2.8 | Soul reluctant to leave body. |
| E722.2.8.1 | Soul lingers in body at death. Lithuanian: Balys Ghosts, Balys Index No. 3503. |
| E722.2.8.2 | Soul hovers over body, reluctant to part. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E722.2.9 | Dead friends come for dying man's soul. Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3501, Balys Ghosts. |
| E722.2.10 | Soul taken away by God (angel). Jewish: Neuman. |
| E722.2.10.1 | Chariot of gods bears astral bodies of dead to heaven. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E722.2.11 | Soul leaves body through eye. Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 144. |
| E722.2.12 | Soul leaves body because of God's kiss on mouth. Jewish: Neuman. |
| E722.3 | Circumstances of soul on leaving dead body. |
| E722.3.1 | Soul cannot go far from grave. Fb "sjæl" III 214b. |
| E722.3.1.1 | Soul remains about dead body. Chinese: Graham. |
| E722.3.2 | Soul wanders till corpse decays. Fb "lig" II 413a; Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 3f.; Jewish: *Neuman; Marshall Islands: Davenport 222; Chinese: Graham. |
| E722.3.3 | Soul visits places of birth, death, baptism, and burial after leaving body. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E723 | Wraiths of persons separate from body. England, U.S.: Baughman. |
| E723.1 | Person sees his own wraith. U.S., Wales: *Baughman. |
| E723.1.1 | Person sees his own wraith; the wraith saves his life. (Cf. E363.2.) England: Baughman. |
| E723.2 | Seeing one's wraith a sign that person is to die shortly. (Cf. F405.4.) England, U.S., Wales: *Baughman. |
| E723.3 | Wraith takes place of person unable to do duty at the necessary time. Scotland: Baughman. |
| E723.4 | Wraith does what person wishes to do but is unable to do in the flesh. |
| E723.4.1 | Wraith returns to home and goes to bed while body is at home of friends in deep reverie. Ireland: Baughman. |
| E723.4.2 | Wraith of murderer tells authorities where to find girl he has murdered. The murderer is in church at the time. Scotland: Baughman. |
| E723.4.3 | Wraith of debtor tries to find his creditor at time of death. England: Baughman. |
| E723.4.4 | Wraith of dying woman goes to see children for last time before death. England: Baughman. |
| E723.4.5 | Wraith gives information of death in family. England: Baughman. |
| E723.4.6 | Wraith investigates welfare of absent person. England, U.S.: *Baughman. |
| E723.5 | Wraith of sweetheart stays in room where lover has died. It disappears only after her death at far distant point twenty years after death of lover. U.S.: Baughman. |
| E723.6 | Appearance of his wraith as announcement of person's death. (Cf. E723.2.) England, Scotland, Wales, U.S.: *Baughman. |
| E723.7 | Actions of wraith. |
| E723.7.1 | Wraith speaks. England, Wales: *Baughman. |
| E723.7.2 | Wraith rings doorbell. Scotland: Baughman. |
| E723.7.3 | Wraith opens and closes door. England: Baughman. |
| E723.7.4 | Wraith slams gate. England: Baughman. |
| E723.7.5 | Wraith selects wood for coffin. Scotland: Baughman. |
| E723.7.6 | Wraith binds grain in field. Scotland: Baughman. |
| E723.7.7 | Wraith rides horse. (Cf. E922.1.1.3.1.) Scotland: Baughman. |
| E723.7.8 | Wraiths of persons drowning appear in dripping clothes. England: *Baughman. |
| E723.8 | Appearance of wraith as calamity omen. |
| E723.8.1 | Wraith appears before mine disaster. England: Baughman. |
| E725 | Soul leaves one body and enters another. *L. Bloomfield Proc. Am. Philosophical Soc. LVI 1; Penzer I 38; Hartland Science 227; Slavic: Máchal 228; India: *Thompson-Balys; N. A. Indian: *Hultkrantz 438—440. |
| E725.1 | Soul leaves man's body and enters animal's. *Bolte Reise der Söhne Giaffers 208; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E725.2 | Ghost possesses girl and she speaks in dialect unknown to her. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E726 | Soul enters body and animates it. *Chauvin V 287 No. 171; Irish myth: *Cross; Jewish: *Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Werner 266; N. A. Indian: *Hultkrantz 149—179. |
| E726.1 | Soul received at birth. Jewish: Neuman; Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 472. |
| E726.2 | Soul of unborn son comes out of mother's mouth (in form of stone), is kept by her, and later is given to son. (Cf. E711.7.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| E726.3 | Soul reunited with body. Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen II 89. |
| E727 | Relation of body to soul. |
| E727.1 | Debate of body and soul. Soul having left body enters into debate with the body concerning relative merits of body and soul. (Cf. H500.) English: *Wells 411; Irish: Gaidoz and Dottin Revue Celtique X part 4, *Cross. |
| E727.1.1 | Soul curses body. (Cf. M400.) Irish myth: *Cross; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E727.2 | Soul as vital principle. N. A. Indian: *Hultkrantz 149—179. |
| E727.3 | Body dependent on soul. N. A. Indian: Hultkrantz 430—440. |
| E728 | Evil spirit possesses person. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| E728.1 | Evil spirit cast out of person. England, U.S.: Baughman; Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| E728.1.1 | Evil spirit cast out of person by killing and resuscitating. Köhler-Bolte I 442ff. |
| E730 | Soul in animal form. (Cf. E721.1.2.4, E722.1.4, E734.2.) Bugiel RTP XVII 602; Tobler 19; England: Baughman; Icelandic: *MacCulloch Eddic 233; Montenegrin: Máchal 228; Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 473; N. A. Indian: Hultkrantz 266f., 496. |
| E730.1 | Souls of animals. Slavic: Máchal 227; Jewish: *Neuman. |
| E731 | Soul in form of mammal. |
| E731.1 | Soul in form of dog. Tobler 49, 54, 68; Icelandic: Boberg; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 213. |
| E731.2 | Soul in form of cat. Tobler 42, 47, 56. |
| E731.3 | Soul in form of mouse. Tobler 13ff.; *Fb "heks" I 581a, "høle" I 747a, "mus" II 631b; Sébillot RTP XX 189, 489; J. Grimm Kleinere Schriften VI 192ff.; Germanic: De la Saussaye 296, E. H. Meyer Germanische 64; Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 7f.; Indonesia: Kruyt 176f. |
| E731.4 | Soul in form of weasel. Tobler 19; Herbert Catalogue of Romances III 209; Oesterley Gesta Romanorum No. 172; *E. H. Meyer Germanische 64. |
| E731.5 | Soul in form of hare. Tobler 20. |
| E731.6 | Soul in form of seal. *Fb "sælhund"; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen III 56, 172. |
| E731.7 | Soul in form of bat. Hdwb. d. Abergl. II 1591; Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 7. |
| E731.8 | Soul in form of bear. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| E731.9 | Soul in form of wolf. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| E731.10 | Soul in form of fox. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| E731.11 | Soul in form of lion. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| E731.12 | Soul in form of hog. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| E731.13 | Soul in form of bull. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| E731.14 | Soul in form of deer. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| E732 | Soul in form of bird. (Cf. G251.1.1.) **Weicker Der Seelenvogel in der alten Literatur und Kunst; *Dh III 482; *Fb "fugl" I 380b, "sjæl" III 214a; *Patch PMLA XXXIII 626 n. 88; De Gubernatis Die Thiere in der indogermanischen Mythologie (Leipzig, 1874) 469ff.; Meyer Germanische 64; *Krappe Balor 95ff., Romanic Review XV 94ff.; *Penzer VI 283; *BP II 394 (Type 707); Tobler 30f.; Wimberly 44; Kruyt 175f.; J. E. Harrison Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion 199ff.; Irish myth: *Cross, Beal XXI 322, O'Suilleabhain 99; Icelandic: *Boberg; Slavic: Máchal 229f.; Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 7f.; Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 398, 473; Egyptian: Müller 174; Jewish: *Neuman; Japanese: Ikeda; Marquesas: Handy 36; N. A. Indian: Hultkrantz 266f., 363; Africa (Basuto): Jacottet 60 No. 9. |
| E732.1 | Soul in form of dove. (Cf. E423.3.1.) Type 756B; Andrejev FFC LXIX 154; Tobler 28f.; *Crane Miraculis 93 No. 27; Alphabet Nos. 204, 269; Meyer Germanische 63; *Loomis White Magic 66; Irish: *Cross, Beal XXI 317, 320, 332, O'Suilleabhain 45, 99, 53; Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 320 No. 35, 323 No. 133; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Jewish: *Neuman. |
| E732.2 | Soul in form of crow. (Cf. B141.4.) Tobler 31; Fb "krage" II 285b. |
| E732.3 | Soul in form of hen. Tobler 36; Fb "sjæl" III 214a. |
| E732.4 | Soul in form of magpie. Tobler 34. |
| E732.5 | Soul in form of seagull. Tobler 34; Fb "mеge" II 655b. |
| E732.6 | Soul in form of eagle. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| E732.7 | Soul in form of swan. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| E732.8 | Soul in form of raven. Danish: Kristensen Danske Sagn II (1893) 127—31, (1928) 91—95; Icelandic: Boberg. |
| E732.9 | Soul in form of hawk, or falcon seen in dream. (Cf. E720.1.) Icelandic: Boberg. |
| E733 | Soul in form of reptile. |
| E733.1 | Soul in form of serpent. Tobler 22ff., 74; Fb "lindorm" II 433b; Meyer Germanische (1891) 63f.; Lévy-Bruhl L'âme primitive 369ff.; Kruyt 177ff.; Schreuer Zs. f. vgl. Rechtsgeschichte XXXIII (1916) 406f.—Icelandic: MacCulloch Eddic 217, Boberg; Japanese: Ikeda; Oceanic: Dixon 119; Africa: Werner African 193. |
| E734 | Soul in form of insect. *Krappe Balor 95 n. 8. |
| E734.1 | Soul in form of butterfly. Tobler 37; Meyer Germanische 63; Hdwb. d. Abergl. II 1627f.; Güntert Kalypso 215ff.; Frazer Golden Bough I 259.—Irish: Beal XXI 307, O'Suilleabhain 24; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "âme", "papillon"; Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 7f.; Jewish: Neuman; Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 473; Japanese: Anesaki 337; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 266; Hawaii: Dixon 76, Beckwith Myth 148. |
| E734.2 | Soul in form of bee. Type 808**; Hdwb. d. Abergl. IV 468; Tobler 37; Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 473; Japanese: Ikeda. |
| E734.3 | Soul in form of spider.1 Tobler 38. |
| E734.4 | Soul in form of wasp. Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 473. |
| E734.5 | Soul in form of cricket. Meyer Germanische 63. |
| E734.6 | Soul in form of beetle. Hdwb. d. Abergl. IV 906. |
| E734.7 | Soul in form of fly. Japanese: Ikeda; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 201. |
| E734.8 | Soul in form of grasshopper. Jewish: *Neuman. |
| E735 | Soul in form of fish. Dh. III 482. |
| E736 | Soul in form of amphibian. |
| E736.1 | Soul in form of frog. Tobler 26, 75. |
| E736.2 | Soul in form of toad. Tobler 25, 29; Meyer Germanische (1891) 64. |
| E738 | Soul in form of a mythical animal. |
| E738.1 | Soul in form of dragon. (Cf. B11.) Tobler 81; Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| E740 | Other forms of the soul. |
| E741 | Soul in form of heavenly body. |
| E741.1 | Soul in form of star. (Cf. V515.1.2.) |
| E741.1.1 | Shooting star signifies that someone is dying. One star for each person. At his death it falls. *BP III 235; *G. Bellucci Le stelle cadenti e le lore leggende (Perugia, 1895); *Handwb. d. Abergl. IX n. 770f.; Fb "lys" II 483a, "stjerne" III 577b.—Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3906; Slavic: Máchal 273; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E741.1.1.1 | New star for each birth. A star in the sky for each person. Fb "menneske" II 577b. |
| E741.1.1.2 | Star as sign of birth of hero. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E741.1.2 | Shooting star signifies a birth. Stars are the dead. When they fall they are being reborn. At death they are replaced in the sky. *Hdwb. d. Abergl. IX N. 770f.; Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 395; N. A. Indian (Mandan): Alexander N. Am. 96. |
| E742 | Soul as light. *Type 332; Fb "sjæl" III 214b, "lys" II 482a; BP I 377ff., *388; Icelandic: *Boberg; Irish: Plummer cxxxviii, Cross, Beal XXI 315, O'Suilleabhain 41; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "vie"; French Canadian: Barbeau JAFL XXIX 24; Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 82 No. 708A*; Jewish: Neuman; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen III 48; N. A. Indian: *Hultkrantz 260ff.; Africa (Fang): Trilles 133. |
| E742.1 | Soul as taper (candle). Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 313 No. 82. |
| E742.2 | Soul as will-o-the-wisp. Appears as a ball or fire or a figure in a fiery garment.—Tobler 82—86 passim; Meyer Germanische 63; Fb "ild" II 11b; Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 313 No. 84; Lithuanian: Balys Ghosts; Slavic: Máchal 229ff.; North Carolina: Brown Collection I 677. |
| E742.3 | Souls of dead as Aurora Borealis. Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 81; Estonian: Loorits Grundzüge I 284ff. |
| E743 | Soul as shadow. Tobler 89; Meyer Germanische 66; Fb "skygge" (1) III 347b, "sjæl" III 214b; Wundt Völkerpsychologie IV 125ff.; *Hdwb. d. Abergl. IX Nachträge 137; *Frazer Golden Bough III 77ff.; Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 6, 12; Jewish: Neuman; N. A. Indian: Hultkrantz 257ff, 302ff. |
| E743.1 | Soul as smoke. Tobler 87; Fb "sjæl" III 214b. |
| E743.2 | Soul as reflection or image. N. A. Indian: Hultkrantz 309—316. |
| E744 | Soul as weather phenomenon. |
| E744.1 | Soul as mist (fog). Fb "sjæl" III 214b. |
| E744.2 | Soul as cloud. Tobler 87f. |
| E744.3 | Soul as whirlwind. Tobler 89. |
| E745 | Soul as object. (Cf. E765.) N. A. Indian: Hultkrantz 268; Eskimo (Kodiak): Golder JAFL XXII 11, (Greenland): Rasmussen 1 136. |
| E745.1 | Soul as feather. Tobler 51; Fb "sjæl" III 214b (shower of feathers). |
| E745.2 | Soul as needle. Tobler 51. |
| E745.3 | Soul as straw. Tobler 51. |
| E745.4 | Soul as flower. BP II 394; Icelandic: Boberg. |
| E745.4.1 | Soul as lotus flower. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E745.5 | Soul as fruit. |
| E745.5.1 | Souls as golden apples. Later turn into birds and fly away. Hdwb. d. Märch. I 91b s.v. "Apfel". |
| E745.5.2 | Soul as bulb. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| E745.6 | Soul as ghi (clarified butter). India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E747 | Soul as mannikin (child). Frazer Golden Bough III 26ff.; Tobler 67; Meyer Germanische 66; N. A. Indian: Hultkrantz 262—266. |
| E747.1 | Soul as small replica of body. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E748 | The soul as a guardian spirit. Hilda R. Ellis The Road to Hell, A Study of the Conception of the Dead in Old Norse Literature (Cambridge [Eng.], 1943) 127ff.; Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| E750 | Perils of the soul. *Frazer Golden Bough III 26ff.; Irish myth: *Cross; India: Thompson-Balys; N. A. Indian: Hultkrantz 464—480. |
| E750.0.1 | Soul cannot enter heaven till body is buried. (Cf. E235.2.) Irish myth: *Cross. |
| E750.1 | Souls wander after death. *v. Negelein Zs. f. Vksk. XI 16ff., 149ff., 263ff.; Jewish: *Neuman; Japanese: Anesaki 237ff. |
| E750.1.1 | Virgins condemned to wander at death. Korean: Zong in-Sob 39. |
| E750.2 | Perilous path for soul to world of dead. (Cf. F151.1.) Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 484. |
| E750.2.1 | Dead person of good life goes over bridge to otherworld without fear. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E750.2.2 | Perilous valley in (on way to) land of dead. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E750.2.3 | Branching tree as roadway for souls. Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 154. |
| E750.3 | Journey of soul to world of dead on reindeer. Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 485. |
| E750.4 | Soul leaves possessions on road to final resting place. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E751 | Souls at Judgment Day. Irish: *Cross; O'Suilleabhain 62, 78, Beal XXI 324, 327; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Jewish: *Neuman. |
| E751.0.1 | There are to be two resurrections. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E751.1 | Souls weighed at Judgment Day. (Cf. Q155.1.) Fb "veje" III 1025b; Irish myth: Cross. |
| E751.2 | Souls await Judgment Day in shapes of birds. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| E751.3 | Souls of Irish to be judged by St. Patrick on Judgment Day. (Cf. Q173.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| E751.4 | Four (five) groups on Judgment Day. (Cf. A661.0.5.1.) Irish myth: *Cross. |
| E751.5 | Souls of sinners to spend seven years under waters of the sea before Doomsday. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E751.6 | Resurrection to take place on Sunday. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E751.7 | Judgment day on Monday. Irish myth: Cross. |
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