B1F. Two brothers: a winner and a loser.

.19.59.62.-.64.67.68.(.69.).70.-.74.

In the Age of Creation, two men have a common origin, are not antagonists, and display their characteristics in a series of episodes. One is intelligent and successful, the other is simple and irresponsible.

Tolai [To-Kabinana and To-Karvuvu (To-Purgu), they are also the sun and the moon], Yabarana [Mayawok and Ochi], Yanomami [Omamö and Yoasi], Sanema [Omao and Soao], Wapishana [Duídi and Mauáre], Taruma [Ajijeko and Duid], Hishkarjana [Mawarye and Woxka], Oyampi [Mayamayali and Wayamakale], Karihona [sun and moon], Tikuna [Dyoi and Epi], Urubu [son of the supreme deity Maira and son of the opossum; sun and moon], tupari [Waledad and Wap], surui [Palop and Palop Leregu], munduruku [Karusakaibyo and Daiiru], xipaya [son of the supreme deity and son of the opossum], tenetehara [son of the supreme deity and son of the opossum], tupinamba [son of the supreme deity and son of the opossum], kayabi [eldest and youngest sons of the Moon], kamayura [sun and moon], bakairi [sun and moon], (trumai [sun and moon]), waura [sun and moon], umotina [sun and moon], bororo [sun and moon], (karaja [Abobädäri and his brother]), kayapo [sun and moon], krenye [sun and moon], apinaye [sun and moon], kraho [sun and moon], ramkokamekra [sun and moon], apaniekra [sun and moon], sherente [sun and moon], mashakali [sun and moon], ofaye [sun and moon], kamakan [sun and moon], kaingang [Kayyurukre and Kame], chamacoco [sun and moon], mataco [sun and moon], mbia [sun and moon], chiripa [sun and moon], caigua [sun and moon], puelche [sun and moon].

Melanesia. Tolai(Gazelle Peninsula): Meier 1909, nos. 1–29: 13–81; Meier 1909, nos. 1–2 [retold in Dixon 1916: 107–108; at first “he” drew two figures on the ground, sprinkled them with his blood, covered them with leaves, and the figures turned into To-Kabinana and To-Karvuvu; To Kabinana climbed a coconut, dropped two unripe nuts, and they turned into two women; To Karvuvu did the same, but his nuts fell flat, and the resulting women had flattened noses; he abandoned the women, and took one of To Kabinana’s wives]: 15–16, 21–23; Meier 1909, no. 3 [retold in Dixon 1916: 109; An old woman who was collecting shells had pain in her hands, so she cut them with breadfruit leaves and threw the bloody leaves on a garbage heap; from the blood of her right hand To Kabinana emerged, from the blood of her left To Karvuvu; the old woman made them spears and a sling; a huge wild pig appeared; To Kabinana struck it with spears and To Karvuvu threw a stone; together they chopped the pig into pieces]: 25; Meier 1909, No. 7 [To Kabinana asked the child to fetch fire; the child delegated this task to a snake; the snake brought fire; TK said that now the child would die forever, and the snake would shed its skin and renew itself]: 37; Meier 1909, No. 8 [To Karvuvu was roasting breadfruit; To Kabinana told him to share with his mother; the mother shed her skin, To Karvuvu said that he liked her better in the old one; found the old one and put it on her; To Kabinana said that now only snakes would shed their skin, but people would grow old and die; he stepped on the snake's head, flattening it, for it was she who had taken the skin; (retelling by Dixon 1916: 108, =Hambruch 1921, no. 16.2: 51-52, =Permyakov 1970, no. 44: 120-121)]: 37-38; Meier 1909, no. 19 [translation in Permyakov 1970, no. 43: 120; To Kabinana carved a tuna from wood, it came to life, brought a lot of fish; To Karvuvu carved a shark, it itself ate the others]: 120; Meier 1909, No. 9 [To Kapinana sent To Karvuvu for firewood and told him to take only green branches; he brought only dry ones; To Kabinana: now people will die, but if he had brought green ones they would not die]: 39-41; Meier 1909, No. 10 [there was a whole sea of ​​fresh water; To Kabinana sent To Karvuvu for water; he began to bathe in the water, a shell grabbed him; to free him, To Kabinana released the first water into the ground; he could have made it so that there was only one kind of water, but he decided that it would not do for people to get water so easily]: 41; Meier 1909, No. 11 [To Kabinana covered the outside of the house with leaves, and To Karvuvu the inside; it rained and his house was flooded]: 41-43; Meier 1909, No. 28a-28b [To Kabinana took live snakes, climbed a breadfruit tree, and began to throw off the fruits, each one at the same time as the snake; the evil spirit guarding the tree rushed at the sound of the falling snake, began to catch it, but did not notice the fruit; so To Kabinana picked the fruits. To Karvuvu killed the snakes before throwing them off, the spirit heard the sound of the falling fruit and began to beat To Karvuvu; To Kabinana saved him, driving away the spirit]: 73-77 (a total of 29 episode numbers, S. 15-81); Isis 1998 [To Kabinana sent To Karvuvu to the lower world to teach people to shed their skin,and make snakes mortal; he did the opposite; snakes shed their skin and do not die]: 30;Tolai : Janssen et al. 2012 {retold by Meyer}, #1 [To Kabinana and To Karvuvu's mother shed her skin and became a young girl; To Karvuvu did not recognize her and asked her to put her old skin back on; he found it in the river and brought it to his mother; To Kabinana was furious: now it would be snakes and not people who would shed their skins], 2 (Uatom Island) [a sawfish told the brothers to bring fire, they refused; she said that now lizards and snakes would shed their skins and people would die forever], 3 [an old woman took off her skin and asked for a fire to warm herself; To Kabinana: you must die or people will multiply too much and there won't be enough food; he told the lizard to put out the fire], 4 [To Kabinana and To Purgo's mother died; shed her skin and came back to life; told TP to make a fire so that she could warm herself; but he peed in the fire and put it out; if he had not done this, people would not die and would be as numerous as pebbles on the shore], 5 [To Kabinana sent a child for fire; but he told a snake to bring fire; TK: now the snake will shed its skin and be renewed, and the man will die forever]: 12, 39, 39, 39-40, 40; Tolai (Paparatawa district in eastern New Britain, where the German Catholic mission was located) [To Purgo decided to be the sun, To Kabinana - the moon; a man set a snare in a tree, caught a green parrot that flew in to peck at the fruit, killed it, it turned out to be the sun TP, who chased the man who tried to hide in a hole, in the water, burned him; TK got angry at TP for this murder and forced them to switch roles]: Kleintitschen 1924: 65-66 in Luomala 1940: 40.

Southern Venezuela. Yabarana [the first human couple has their body intact below; Mayawoka went to look for Ochi's brother; saw the first man catch a piranha and was going to finish it off with a club; realized that it was O. trying to steal the man's golden hook; M. turned into a vulture, distracted the man, O. the piranha jumped into the water, M. stole the hook; returned to the fisherman in the form of a man to get the sun-bird; he kept it in a basket; while the bird is in the basket, the sun is at its zenith; the fisherman saw that the stolen hook served as an ear pendant for M.; agreed to give the bird in exchange for M. making legs for him and his wife; since then people can walk and leave offspring; giving him the basket, he ordered it not to be opened; M. asked O. to climb down for some fruit; O. said that he was still weak from his wounds; M. climbed up himself, O. opened the basket; the sun-bird flew out with a hideous cry; 12 days of darkness, a hurricane, the earth was covered with mud, both men drowned; O. sat on a rock and cried, M. flew under the clouds in the form of a bat; for food O. created quadrupeds, M. created birds and monkeys; M. sent the conoto bird to catch the sun; it found it at the end of the earth; the sun-bird flew from one end of the earth to the other, thus day and night appeared; conoto tied the sun in a white cotton cloud, threw it to a white monkey, who placed it in a basket; the sun returned to its zenith for a while, M. found O.; O. began to live in the west, M. in the east]: Wilbert 1959: 56-59 (= 1963: 150-154); sanema : Wilbert 1963: 232-233; Wilbert, Simoneau 1990b, no. 49 [Colchster 1981: 75; {insert at the beginning of a long text about the origin of fire}; Omao wanted to make people from strong wood, asked Soawe to help, he made them from bad wood, therefore the people are weak], 189 [Wilbert 1961: 232-233; a jaguar ate a pregnant woman, Toad asked to leave the womb, Omao and Soao were born; Jaguar wanted to kill them, they jumped up a tree; he climbed them, they jumped off, he fell and killed himself; O. was looking for hard wood to make people; S. hurried, made them from soft wood, now they are dying; for this O. threw him onto a wasps' nest; O. made snakes from hard wood; they do not die, but are renewed, shedding their skin; O. caught the fish, put it in a basket, told S. not to touch it; began to try to catch butterflies to make women out of them; when he almost caught them, he heard a scream; it was S. trying to copulate with the woman in the basket; she ran away; O. left his brother in anger and went to heaven], 190 [(Colchster 1981: 37-38); Omao began to look for hard wood to make people, asked his younger brother Soawe to look too, he brought soft wood, that is why people are weak; O. wanted to make people out of hard wood so that they would grow younger by shedding their skin, and snakes out of soft wood so that they would die soon after giving birth to their children; angry O. left S. and went to heaven; O. decided to make it so that anacondas would die immediately after giving birth to young, and people would shed their old skin and become young; this would be possible if people were made of hard wood]: 111, 372-373, 375-376;Yanomamë [Omamë wanted to tie Tëbërësikë's daughter's hammock to a pole made of hard wood that sheds its bark; Yoasi hurried, put up a pole of soft wood, peeled its soft bark from it; that is why people do not shed their skin, do not grow younger, but die]: Wilbert, Simoneau 1990b, no. 191: 376-377; Yanomamë [(Lizot, MS); Yoawë (older brother) and Omawë (younger brother) are fishing, Yoawë is the first to notice the daughter of a water monster; she slips out of his hands; O. catches her, offers the monkeys to copulate first, their penises are bitten off; piranhas are visible in the vagina, Omawë pulled them out; when Yoawë copulates, a loud sound is heard; Omawë says it will not be so, copulates quietly; does not give the woman to Yoawë, but takes for himself]: Wilbert, Simoneau 1990b, no. 195: 392-394; Yanomam [(Albert MS); Omamö caught the daughter of a water monster in the forest (his body is like a long basket {apparently like a sack for pressing cassava}); did not tell his brother Yoasi, copulated with her; he also fished her out, but she jumped back into the water, seeing that it was not O., but the ugly Yoasi; O. caught the woman himself, let Yoasi copulate with her; she had a vulva, but did not give birth; Yoasi copulated loudly all day long; O. wanted to wipe her vagina with fragrant leaves, but Yoasi wiped it with stinking flowers, which is why women's genitals smell like penis]: Wilbert, Simoneau 1990b, no. 197: 396-398.

Guiana. Wapishana [the informant has forgotten the Indian names of the characters; according to other sources, they are Duídi and Mauáre; João has many houses, and Pedro lives sometimes in a hollow tree, sometimes in a rock; J. catches a piranha on a hook, wants it to become his wife, it turns into a woman; his younger brother Pedro discovers that someone has made soup; he exposes himself, swinging his penis; the hidden woman laughs, he finds her; she orders that fish poison be poured into her nostrils first; he does not listen, his penis is bitten off; the deer, tapir, paca, agouti, and guariba monkey refuse, another monkey agrees to exchange penis with him, now its penis seems to have been bitten off by a piranha; J. ate fish and game, P. - lizards, toads and rats; J. went to a feast; P. went too; On the way he cut down the reeds from which arrows are made and threw them behind his back; from the reeds his "people" emerged - mosquitoes, fleas, lice, etc.; he taught everyone when to bite people with them; Zh.: where did you get them? P.: on the way; now Zh. and P. are with Tominikare; the dwellings of both have turned to stone]: Wirth 1950: 168-170; taruma [the brothers (the elder Ajijeko, the younger Duid) eat only nuts and fruits; they notice fish bones and scales on a rock by the river; they keep watch in turns, but notice nothing; the Frog watchman fell asleep, the Owl said that the tracks were left by the Otter; the brothers caught the Otter, forced her to tell how to catch a woman; the brothers take turns fishing out women's things, from a carrying basket to a hammock; when A. fell asleep, D. fished out the woman, hid her from his brother; one night A. saw that his brother had four legs and four arms; D. again denied everything, but began to make children's toys (balls); one day D. confessed that he had a wife Chakukantu and that a fish in her womb bit him; A. poisoned the fish in his vagina with poison; since then sex has been safe, but the male organ remained bitten; people are the descendants of D. and this woman; A. and D. began to live in different huts, but worked together; they ate raw food, but knew that the woman ate only raw fruit; she hid where she got her fire from; when she had already given birth to many children and grew old, A. came to visit her; at sunset he went back, leaving his bag, asked the woman to bring it, ordered her to come closer, grabbed her, threatened to rape her if she did not reveal the secret of fire; she sat down, spread her legs, fire rolled out of her vagina; it was cold; to make it hot, A. mixed it with hot bark, fruits, pepper; gave it to Duid to keep; he sat by the river, a caiman swam out and swallowed the fire; returned it at A.'s request; the fire burned his tongue; soon the maroudi bird pecked the fire, flew away; returned it at A.'s request, his burnt throat remained red; D. left the fire on the path; a jaguar stepped on it, burned his feet, now walks on tiptoe; a tapir burned his feet even more, they turned into hooves; a woman D. called her anaconda father; D. is afraid to ask her father-in-law for plants; a daughter cuts off the tip of her father's tail, from which the seeds and shoots of all cultivated plants pour out]: Farabee 1918: 143-149; khishkaryan[husband and wife of the Turtle went for fruit; the husband ordered the wife to climb a tree; she ate and threw it to him; Monkeys, Eagles and other animals and birds wanted to copulate with her; the insect split the tree, through this crack they all got her; the husband saw, went home; closed the path to his house, opened it to the house of the Jaguars; the mother of the Jaguars hid the woman; the Jaguars have a pet turtle, let out the winds, the woman spat, they found it, ate it, gave the eggs to the mother; from them were born Mawarye and Woxka; they hunt for the old woman; they hid from the Jaguar in a tree, he after them, they came down in the form of leaves; the Jaguar realized who was in front of him; the brothers did not have penises, they grew in the forest; they tore them out of the ground, took them for themselves; someone stole fish from the fish trap; the brothers send sentries; caught an Otter, copulated with her, nearly torturing her to death; she says that there are women; M. caught wives for himself and his brother; they have a fish in their vagina; while M. went to get a liana to make fish poison, V. inserted his penis, the fish bit it off; M. put his penis back; M. slept with his wife on the bank of a river, an anaconda swallowed him; he came out through the anus; the brothers separated]: Derbyshire 1965: 54-78; oyampi [Yaneya leaves; pregnant wife follows him; twins from her womb show her the way; ask her to pick flowers; she is stung by a wasp; she refuses to pick, the twins fall silent; the woman falls into the hands of the Jaguars, Jaguariha eats her; the twins Mayamayali and Wayamakale (from maka - monkey ?) jump into a tree; Jaguariha calls them back; A dove on a hunt tells of the death of his mother; M. and J. lure the Jaguars onto a bridge, create piranhas in the river; V. cuts off a liana prematurely, two jaguars escape, the rest are eaten by piranhas; M. almost revives his mother, V. embraces her prematurely, she falls apart; by the sea their father chops down a tree, the chips turn into fish; the father tests his sons, M. cannot bear it; the father tells him that he is not his son, but the Monkey's; he makes a parrot out of his skin, monkeys out of his flesh; in the morning the father ascends to heaven; M. makes a woman out of wood; V. appears again, despite the warning, makes love to the woman; she turns into a hard tree, his penis becomes long, he carries it in a basket; he comes to the village; while the men are sleeping, he dances with all the women; they go into a hole, disappear underground; a parrot and a monkey remain in the village; while the men are hunting, they remove feathers and skins, prepare food; V. comes out of the pit; one woman cuts off his long penis; a piece remains in the vagina; when it gets into the river, it turns into an eel; (apparently, the shape of the monkeys' genitals is explained by this episode)]: Grenand 1982, No. 5: 69-72.

NW Amazonia. Carijona [mother tells Tukučimobi (Sun) and his younger brother, Moon, that she is going to die, orders them to cut off her hand, put it in a basket with cassava, and hang it over the hearth; when the sons return from hunting, food will be prepared; said that an agouti is destroying the garden, went to make a trap, turned into an agouti, died after deliberately climbing into the trap; on her paw there was a mark of the place where T. had removed a sand flea from their mother’s leg the day before; the brothers did as their mother ordered, but T. did not believe that the paw of an agouti was preparing food; orders the kuckuck bird to warn with a cry if women appeared; but the brothers were far away and did not have time to run up; the same with the woodpecker (the brothers noticed the tracks of two women); the third time the cacambra bird warned in time, the brothers grabbed two women, both wanted the lighter and younger one; T. managed to grab the elder one before she put on her vulture outfit, and the younger one put it on and flew away; since the elder one's clothes were torn, she remained human; in order to take possession of his brother's wife, the Moon asks T. to get the parrot chicks; puts out his penis instead of a pole; the erection stops, T. remains on the tree, falls into the hollow; all the animals were looking for T., a mouse found him; rodents gnaw a hole; T. creates a reservoir, grew a reventillos tree (Hura crepitans), carved two large fish ("whales"; originally catfish) from the tree, from the chips all kinds of fish emerged; T. created a dry season so that the fruits of Hura crepitans would burst and the fish would eat them; turned himself into a fruit, let the fish swallow him, came out through the gills, thus caught the fish, brought them to his wife and children; the Moon is ashamed; he went to catch in the same way, the fish swallowed him; T. cut up many fish before he found his brother in one of them; the Moon began to hit the fish with a harpoon; he tied a line to an ordinary tree, not a particularly strong one, two fish, a male and a female, dragged it away, forming the Caquetá River; that is why it has a wide bed, many islands; T. tried to stop them by creating rapids; T. caught a piece of the Moon's leg with a net; the rest of the Moon's parts fell apart, that is why there are so many stars in the sky; the jaw, head and leg bones of the Moon are visible separately in the sky; people are children of both the Sun-T. (with lighter skin) and the Moon (darker; while T.'s wife was owned by his brother, she also gave birth)]: Schindler 1979, No. 1: 44-54; tikuna[Dyoi and Epi climbed a rock to destroy a harpy eagle's nest; E. said that the ladder was falling, and it fell right away; at D.'s request, the bird brought them a calabash with palm juice; they drank, urinated, and from E.'s urine a thorny vine was formed, which was far from the rock, and from D.'s urine a smooth one was formed close by; the brothers killed an eagle that had flown in from a sarbacan, and went down - E. in the form of a night monkey, D. - an opossum; E. wanted to take for himself the right half of the killed hawk, although he was born from his father's left knee; D. let his sister Mocha-cha hide this half, she hid it between her legs; E. began to search, touched her genitals; she turned into a peccary, ran into the forest, the demon Ma-chi threw a spear with a hornet on the end at her; M. returned home, died, D. revived her; E., having turned into an otter, wants to free the hook of a demon fisherman entangled in mud; D. comes to the demons, throws poison in their drink; one comes later, sees the corpses, runs away; D. revives his brother from the bones; Dyoi and his brother Epi went to the initiation festival of their niece; D. got the girl, E. wanted her for himself; in the yard of the house the girl turned into a fruit on an umari tree; D. did not allow her to pick it, E. began to wait for it to fall; D. let E. clean the dead birds, at that time the fruit fell, the girl took human form, D. made her smaller, hid her in a flute, brought her to his hammock for 4 nights secretly from E.; he hears laughter at night; in D.'s absence, he dances, demonstrating his genitals; the woman laughs, E. finds her inside the flute, copulates with her; She becomes pregnant, no longer fits into the flute; E. lubricates his penis with the juice of the fruit to imitate a long abstinence; the hardened latex crumbles, D. understands the deception; in order to make black paint and paint the boy, D. told E. to climb the genipa tree for fruits; it began to grow, but E. began to descend; then a tree mushroom, orehla de pau, grew along the perimeter of the trunk, but E. turned into an ant, crawled along the mushroom; D. told E. to pound the genipa fruits, E. pounded himself; the woman painted the boy, threw the rest of the paste into the water; fish emerged from the paste, including the epi fish; D. began to catch fish with various baits; when the fish caught on the stones turned into jaguars, on the urucuri husk - into squirrels, on the tucuma husk - into wild pigs, on the sweet manioc - into the Ticuna Indians; however, he could not catch E.; he let Techi-ari-ngui fish, E. took the bait, on the shore, having become a man, he told that he had been to the land of gold in the east and would return there, and let D. go to the west; D. told him to catch fish, but E. killed them before they turned into people; var.: having understood how to fish, E. caught the Cocama and other tribes, but not the Ticuna]: Nimuendaju 1952: 126-128.

Central Amazonia. Munduruku [Karusakaibö lives in the village of Uakupari; sends his son Korumtao to his sisters for meat; they do not give it; Kar. tells him to cover their house with feathers; fumigates the house, shouts, Eat your food! they hear, Copulate! , turn into wild pigs; Kar. kills the pigs one by one; turns into a tapir, lets people shoot at him, carries away the arrows that have stuck in him, turns back into a man; Daiirú persuades Korumtau to show where the pigs are, releases them all at once; they chase Korumtau, kill him; K. covers the pigs with a mound; the rest flee into the forest; to cross the river, they place an anaconda across it; it pulls the banks closer together like a rope; Kar. saw blood on the ground, decided that it was his son's blood, revived, but turned out to be Daiirú; Kar. started beating him, but then forgave him]: Murphy 1958, no. 1-2: 70-76; Munduruku [women have a tapir lover, men kill him; women jump into river, turn into fish; Karusakaibö fishes out fish, does not look over his shoulder, she turns back into his wife; makes a drink from cassava; Karusakaibö tells Daiiru that his pet monkey made it; he does not believe it, dances indecently; woman looks out from hiding, laughs, Daiiru discovers her; also goes to fish; immediately looks back, fish does not turn into woman; Daiiru copulates with fish, since then the variegated jacunda is inedible; other fish can no longer turn into women]: Murphy 1958, no. 3: 76-77; Munduruku : Kruse 1952: 994-997.

Eastern Amazonia. Shipaya [Kuñarima is the son of Kumaφari (=Marušawa, from morubišaba, “chief”); the beginning is not recorded; M.’s wife, Kamādu, came to the opossum Mukure, who climbed onto the roof above her hammock (and apparently conceived a second son, Aruβiata); as punishment for the twins breaking the water vessels from which the rivers flowed, M. decided to burn the brothers, set a fire after them, but while they were sleeping, the fire also stood; K. extinguished the fire with a feather duster; then M. ordered the brothers to support the frying pan in which M.’s wife was frying cassava flour; A. became white-hot and said that he could not stand it any longer, but K. spat on him, he became red again; they went swimming, A. could not dive, because the water around was boiling; K. blew, the brother cooled down; the brothers went bird hunting, M. warned them to be wary of Awa; A. decided to be the first to try to take the hook from Awa, became a fish, Awa and his friend fished it out, fried it; K. became a wasp, collected blood and entrails, revived his brother; he himself became a fish, bit off, took away the hook; The Stork harpoons a fish with its beak; A. became a fish, The Stork harpooned it, ate it, K. revived it (like the previous episode); K. became a fish, dodged, The Stork's beak got stuck in a tree, K. cut it off, brought it to his father, who, like the other trophies of his sons, gave it to his wife; an old woman with a sharp leg sits by the path, asks passers-by to take out a sand flea, pierces it with her leg; A. is pierced, the old woman fried him, ate him, the brother collected blood, revived; when an old woman asked him to take out a flea and struck, he dodged, his leg got stuck in a tree, he cut it off, brought it to his father; in the forest, two trees continually collide and move apart; A. tried to rush through, was crushed; K. collected his blood, blew on it, revived; rushed between the trees himself, tearing them out; brought it to Marusava; the brothers came to Adji ('wild'), they have no anus, they defecate through the mouth; K. showed how to defecate, they wanted an anus for themselves too; K. began to pierce their anuses, killing; A. did this less successfully, those impaled on stakes began to scream, the others ran away; the brothers roasted the dead, brought the meat to their father; M. was pleased, ate the meat with his sons, gave each a hammock]: Nimuendaju 1920: 1016-1022; tenetehara: Nimuendaju 1915, no. 1 [|see motif J9; Possum episode as in Wagley, Galvão]: 282-283; Wagley, Galvão 1949, no. 14 [Maíra goes away, leaving his pregnant wife; she follows him, Maíra Yra ("Son of Maíra", SM) shows her the way from the womb; asks her to pick a flower for him; a wasp stings the woman in the stomach, slaps himself, trying to kill the wasp; the son thinks his mother has hit him, falls silent; the woman spends the night in Possum's house; he makes a hole in the roof, rain drips on the woman, Possum offers to hang the hammock closer to him, then they move into his dry hammock; thus the woman conceives Mukwura Yra ("Son of Possum", SM is dissatisfied; A woman comes to the village of Jaguars, an old woman hides her under a pot; Jaguar finds her, the woman turns into a deer, runs away; Jaguar and dogs catch up with her; she tries to fry, boil, pierce with a splinter the twins taken from her belly, but only scalds and wounds herself; the old woman makes them her grandchildren; they turn into parrots, macaws, other animals, and finally into people; one day they search in the old women's heads, tear off the head, throw it to each other, then revive the old woman; the bird jacques tells them about the death of their mother; they cry, they tell the old woman that their eyes are swollen from wasp stings; they build a bridge over a dry swamp, fill the swamp with water, throw straw fans into the water to fan the fire, they turn into piranhas; they invite Jaguars to fish, step onto the bridge, collapse it; the Jaguars are eaten by piranhas; the spirit of the one who ate his mother, SM, imprisons her in a bamboo vessel and gives it to Maire; he demands proof that the brothers are his children; 1) kill the female spirit Azang; SM sets her long hair on fire, dries up the lakes in which Azang tries to extinguish it, Azang burns; 2) kill the male spirit Azang ; he chops down a tree to make a bow and arrows that hit all animals; SM plunges the spirit's sharp hand into a log, leaves him to die; 3) kill Azang the fisherman; SM , in the form of a fish, surubim removes the bait from his hook; the brother gets caught on the hook, is caught, fried, eaten; SM asks Azang to give him the bones, revives his brother; asks his father to break the rock with an arrow; he can't, SM breaks it, he is stronger than his father; both are now in the Village of the Gods]: 137-140; urubu : Huxley 1956[Mair flies over a rotten fruit in the form of a bird; a woman comes out of the fruit, he takes her as his wife; she does not believe that the yams, manioc, etc. planted by her husband ripened that same day; angry M. leaves; the wife follows in his footsteps, the unborn son from the womb shows the way; after spending the night in the house of Opossum, the woman conceives a second son; Mair's son is offended by his mother, falls silent; the woman comes to the village of Jaguars; the Old Woman hides her under a vessel, the Jaguars find her, eat her; the children are thrown into boiling water, they jump out; the Grandmother adopts them; the brothers cut down trees into the river, they turn into piranhas and crocodiles; they make an island in the river, on it are fruit trees, a bridge is built to the island; when the Jaguars go across the bridge for fruit, the brothers cut down the bridge, the Jaguars are eaten by water creatures; because Possum's Son hesitates, two escape; the brothers come to M. , who gives them bows and arrows; offended for their mother, the brothers throw them into the forest, they turn into snakes; Mair wants to know if the children before him are his; 1) remove the bait from Anyang'a 's hook ; Mair's Son removes the bait, then yanks the line for a laugh; Possum's Son takes the hook in his mouth, is fished out, eaten; in the form of an ant, Mair's Son collects his bones, revives; 2) go to Grandfather Wind; he is not at home, Mair's Son tickles his wife, the husband hears her laughter, blows, a tree falls on the brothers; Possum's Son dies, revived by his brother; 3) pass between two converging and diverging grinding stones; Mair's Son passes, Possum's Son is crushed, revived by his brother; M. realizes that the youngest of the brothers is not his son, orders him to go back between the stones; The Son of Opossum is crushed again; The Son of Mair rises to the sky in anger, taking the stones with him; from now on he produces thunder with them; The Son of Opossum[a worm crawled out of a tree and turned into a woman; she reached a fork in the road; the path to Maira was thorny and overgrown, to Mukura it was good, she took the good path and became pregnant by Mukura {it is then clear that the woman was already pregnant by Maira}; the woman went out for a walk and was torn to pieces by a jaguar, Maira's son, and after him Mukura's son jumped out of the womb and threw themselves into the river; four days later they crawled out of the water - Maira's son as a 9-year-old, Mukura's as a 7-year-old boy; they tried unsuccessfully to kill the jaguar with a machete; they jumped into the water again, Maira's son emerged as a 14-year-old, Mukura's as a 10-year-old, but they were again unable to kill the jaguar; Maira's son created a river, laid a liana as a bridge; the brothers stood at opposite ends, cut off the liana when the jaguar walked along it, did not let him get out of the water, chopped him up, killed him; a hurricane knocked down the forest, lifted the brothers into the air, Mukura's son was hit hard; they came to Maïra, his son said that they were both his sons; the brothers went along the road, stones began to fall, Mukura's son was crushed; Maïra's son got angry with his father, went further, creating stones in the middle of the river, where he is now is unknown; at the full moon Maïra rises to the sky, then descends; when thunder, lightning strikes the land of Maïra], 210-215 [passing by a tree, Maïra inserted his penis into the crack, since he did not have a wife; the tree swelled, a pregnant woman came out of it, the child in her womb spoke, showing the way to his father; asked that his mother pick flowers for him; One day she reached for a flower, a snake bit her, she slapped herself on the belly, reproached her son; he fell silent; she came to the house of Mukura (i.e. opossum); he offered to spend the night with him; it rained at night, Mukura was making a hole in the roof over the woman's hammock, she was forced to lie down in his hammock; in the morning he told her to go left from the fork, but she turned right, ended up in the village of jaguars; the wives of the jaguars told her to leave quickly, but she stayed; they hid her under a vessel; the jaguars turned the vessel over; Maira's son turned his mother into an animal, it ran away, they caught up with him, killed him; they gave two embryos to an old woman; she began to fry them, but burned her hands; the embryos turned into agouti; the old woman began to raise them; the jaguars wanted to eat them; they became boys, ran away, went to look for Maira, stayed with him; Maira's son offered to steal a forest demon's fishing hook; Maira's son bit off and carried it away; Mukura's son was caught in the form of a piranha; the demon ate it, threw away the bones; Maira's son turned into ants, they collected the bones, Mukura's son came to life; Mukura's son safely took away a hook from another forest spirit; Maira praised them; the brothers turned into hummingbirds, flew, set fire to the beard of a forest demon, his head burned; the brothers killed a hummingbird {a real one}, found human flesh in its stomach; approaching a wide river, they began to shoot arrows one at the tail of another, it turned out to be a bridge, they crossed it to the other bank, killed many peccaries there; they called jaguars to take the meat; when they crossed the bridge of arrows, the brothers destroyed it; all the jaguars drowned because they were carrying a load of meat with them],242-245 [The Sun and the Moon ate fruits; the Moon was upset that the Sun's excrement had thin fibers, while his were coarse; the Sun asked a woodpecker for his crest to make himself a hat; the woodpecker warned him not to drop it on the ground, threw fire, the Sun caught it, made himself a hat, and hid it; the Moon found it and wanted the same; knowing that the Moon would drop the fire, the Sun covered his hut with a layer of clay; when the woodpecker threw fire to the Moon, he dropped it, the earth caught fire, the Moon survived the world fire in the burrow of a long-legged fly (insect Tipula oleracea); the Sun found peccaries that had died in the fire; he began to roast the fat ones, and gave the thin ones to the Moon; the Moon asked for a fat one, the Sun threw hot meat into his stomach, and he threw himself into the river in pain; taking the meat, both went across the bare plain], 398-406 [Maira took wives three times, each time abandoned; turned a branch into a woman, took him as a wife; she asks where the water in the vessel comes from, the flour in the pot, M. tells her not to ask; the sound of axes is heard on the plot, M. tells her not to go there; the wife goes, sees how the axe works by itself; when the axe returns home, the woman grabs it, it stops working by itself; M. is angry, leaves; the child from the womb of the woman tells her to follow, shows the way; the woman spends the night in the house of Mukura (possum), the roof leaks at night, she goes into Mukura's hammock, conceives a second son; comes to a village of jaguars; their mother hides her, the jaguars find her, the old woman asks her to give her the embryos; they jump out of the pot, the old woman raises them, the brothers grow up in a few days; Maira's son suggests that his brother avenge the death of his mother; makes rivers, cuts off pieces of wood, throws them into the water, they turn into piranhas, snakes, caimans; Maira's son creates pequi fruits (cariocars); leads jaguars to collect them; the brothers lay a liana as a bridge, cut it off from both sides when the jaguars walk along the liana; two were saved, the rest were eaten by water creatures; the brothers come to Maira; his {current} wife is angry that he has children from another woman; Maira decides to check if these are his children; throws a fishing rod with a hook, his son bites off the hook, Mukura's son is caught, a drop of blood remains from him; Maira's son is angry with his father, rises to the sky, becomes thunder and lightning; Maira and his wife go south];where the water is in the vessel, the flour in the pot, M. tells not to ask; the sound of axes is heard on the site, M. does not tell to go there; the wife goes, sees how the axe works by itself; when the axe returns home, the woman grabs it, it stops working by itself; M. is angry, leaves; the child from the womb of the woman tells to follow, shows the way; the woman spends the night in the house of Mukura (possum), the roof leaks at night, she goes into Mukura's hammock, conceives a second son; comes to the village of jaguars; their mother hides her, the jaguars find her, the old woman asks to give her the embryos; they jump out of the pot, the old woman raises them, the brothers grow up in a few days; Maira's son offers his brother to avenge the death of his mother; makes rivers, cuts off, throws into the water pieces of wood, they turn into piranhas, snakes, caimans; Maira's son creates the pequi (cariocar) fruits; leads the jaguars to gather them; the brothers lay a liana as a bridge, cut it off on both sides when the jaguars walk along the liana; two are saved, the rest are eaten by water creatures; the brothers come to Maira; his {current} wife is angry that he has children from another woman; Maira decides to check if these are his children; throws a fishing rod with a hook, his son bites off the hook, Mukura's son is caught, a drop of blood remains from him; Maira's son is angry with his father, rises to the sky, becomes thunder and lightning; Maira and his wife go south];where the water is in the vessel, the flour in the pot, M. tells not to ask; the sound of axes is heard on the site, M. does not tell to go there; the wife goes, sees how the axe works by itself; when the axe returns home, the woman grabs it, it stops working by itself; M. is angry, leaves; the child from the womb of the woman tells to follow, shows the way; the woman spends the night in the house of Mukura (possum), the roof leaks at night, she goes into Mukura's hammock, conceives a second son; comes to the village of jaguars; their mother hides her, the jaguars find her, the old woman asks to give her the embryos; they jump out of the pot, the old woman raises them, the brothers grow up in a few days; Maira's son offers his brother to avenge the death of his mother; makes rivers, cuts off, throws into the water pieces of wood, they turn into piranhas, snakes, caimans; Maira's son creates the pequi (cariocar) fruits; leads the jaguars to gather them; the brothers lay a liana as a bridge, cut it off on both sides when the jaguars walk along the liana; two are saved, the rest are eaten by water creatures; the brothers come to Maira; his {current} wife is angry that he has children from another woman; Maira decides to check if these are his children; throws a fishing rod with a hook, his son bites off the hook, Mukura's son is caught, a drop of blood remains from him; Maira's son is angry with his father, rises to the sky, becomes thunder and lightning; Maira and his wife go south];Tupinamba [Maire-ata goes on a journey, his wife cannot accompany him because she is pregnant; follows him, the son from the womb shows him the way; she does not give him any fruits, he becomes angry, falls silent; loses his way, falls into the hands of the Opossum; at night conceives a second son from him; the Opossum turns into an opossum; the woman comes to the village of the Jaguars; the Jaguar eats her, the twins are thrown out on a garbage heap; one woman picks them up; the twins hunt for her; show the Jaguars an island in the sea where they will find much fruit; the Jaguars swim there; the twins cause a storm; the Jaguars drown, turn into jaguars and other cats; the twins come to MA, he tests them; 1) pass between the crushing rocks; the son of the Opossum dies; the son of MA revives him, both pass; 2) remove the bait from the hook of Anien; The son of the Possum is caught, A. tears him to pieces; MA's son resurrects him, both remove the bait; MA recognizes them as his sons]: Thevet, 914-915 in Metraux 1932: 135-136.

Bolivia – Guaporé. Tupari [the ancestors of Waledad and Wap decided to steal an axe from a Woodpecker in order to cut down a tree with edible nuts; Waledad sent a gadfly to bite the Woodpecker, the brothers plucked the Woodpecker’s feathers so that it would not catch up; in revenge, he set fire to the world; Wap burned, Waledad waited out the fire in the Spider’s hole, blew, the wind brought the revived Wap; Waledad and Wap had a tail instead of an anus, they regurgitated food through their mouths; the Spider’s wife and daughters bite off their tails, make anal holes; when the tree was cut down, streams of water gushed from the sky; Waledad collected the nuts, planted them]: Caspar 1975: 190-191; surui [the woodpecker Serepti pecks a tree with his axe, getting honey; Palop sends stinging ants to the tree, orders his companion Palop Leregu to take away the dropped axe; in revenge, S. sets fire to the savannah; P. hides in the river; blowing and calling him, he revives PL, who has hidden in a termite mound and has burned to death]: Mindlin 1995, No. 21(3): 54-55.

Southern Amazon. Kayabi [Kuewma'up – elder, Me – younger brother; their father is Moon; their mother died in childbirth, her mother threw the twins into the forest, but they are shamans, they returned; she is glad; she tells them not to go downriver; the brothers want to kill the mutum bird, she tells them not to shoot, she tells them that their father lives downstream; they come to him; his new wife is old and ugly, but after bathing she becomes a young beauty; the brothers' father, Moon, leaves an axe to chop on the property; K. repeats the trick, M. begins to chop himself {since then the axe does not chop by itself?}; Moon has an arrow that kills monkeys by itself, it returns, taking the form of a snake; K. uses it too; M. finds it, sees a snake, chops it in half; Moon finds the pieces, turns them into three types of snakes; his net is full of fish, K. has the same, M. has only small fish; the Moon wraps itself in bark and leaves, turns into a fish, people shoot arrows at it, it brings the arrows home; K. repeats the trick; M. wrapped himself poorly, they killed him, ate him; the father turned into a cricket, took the bone, revived M.; made a shelter in a tree covered with thorns, lured wild pigs with a flute, killed the pig; the same for K.; M. made a shelter between two trees, one of them was not thorny, the pigs knocked down the shelter, ate M.; his father revived him from a drop of blood; he went to another village, there were crushing stones on the path; he slipped between them, the same on the way back, the same for K.; M. was crushed, his father revived him]: Pereira 1995, no. 2: 28-34; Kamayura : Agostinho 1974, no. 4: 178; Münzel 1973: 106-107; Villas Boas, Villas Boas 1973 [Canutsipem stored water in vessels in the men's house; he gave bad water to the Sun and the Moon, but not good; they, together with other men, put on spirit masks, frightened K., broke the vessels; the Moon broke the last one, an animal jumped out of it, swallowed the Moon; the village became a lake, everyone went, leading one of the rivers of the upper Xingu; the Sun caught the one who swallowed the Moon, ripped open his belly, put the bones in a painted silhouette, the Moon came to life; the Sun was the first shaman]: 157-162; bakairi [Ewaki sent her nephews Keri (Sun) and Kame (Moon), then about 8 years old, to get water; on the third day they found three pots, which were in the possession of the water serpent Ochobi; two contained good water, the third - from which you will die; they did not touch it, the other two were broken; from one the Paranatinga river flowed, Keri led it, from the other the more difficult Ronuro (var.: and Kulizeu), Kame took it; Keri saw that Kulizeu had stopped, went to look for Kame; he was swallowed by the jahú fish; in the belly of the third caught jahú Keri found the bones of his brother, put them on a leaf, blew on them, revived them; Keri ordered the duck to lead Ronuro further, and with his brother he returned to Paranatinga; reached the waterfall, and below they ordered the ducks, pigeons and other birds to carry the river]: Steinen 1897: 325 (detailed retelling in Oberg 1953: 79); vaura: Schultz 1966: 59 [The Sun and the Moon hid in the water in calabashes, sealing the holes with wax; the chief of the fish swallowed the Moon; the Sun found out who did it, got a hook from the Owl (she didn’t want to give it to him), caught a fish, got the bones of the Moon, and revived him]; Schultz, Chiara 1971 [fire (Testjumã) began to pursue the Sun and the Moon; the Moon hid in the water in a snail shell, and the Sun died; the Moon smoked the bones of the Sun with tobacco, revived him; in order to steal fire from Waulu, the Sun climbed into the belly of a fish, and the Moon into the shell; W. began to roast the Sun, whom he found in the belly of a fish, and broke the shell and threw it into the water; the Sun took the fire away, the Moon brought it into the house; the Sun refused to give fire to W.]: 123-124; (cf. trumai [The Moon was eaten by the fish Awalanaxe; the Sun (Atehle) caught it on a hook, took out the Moon, collected the bones, revived it; the Moon sneezed, thought he was sleeping]: Murphy, Quain 1955: 72; this is the only episode of this kind; cf. the more complete publication Monod-Becquelin 1975, in which the sun and the moon are two friendly characters of similar status); umotina [Asanotõ is the wife of the Sun Bakololó; she found the lairs of all the game animals; B. goes off to make arrows, hides A. under the roof; his friend the Moon comes, pounding something on a grain grater with his penis; A. gives himself away with laughter, is forced to tell where the lairs of the animals are; the Moon only scared the animals away, and in the end he shot two anteaters, A. did not want to take them, since the meat was tasteless; A. sent her husband two tapirs on the road, he killed them; she told him what had happened; the Moon came to B. to get a piece of tapir meat, but he made an angry face and drove the Moon away because he had scared the animals]: Schultz 1962, No. d: 232-233; Bororo: Wilbert, Simoneau 1983, #1 [people left the oven to fish and went to catch more; the sun Méri and his younger brother the month Ári came and peed on the fire; the Toad saved the fire by hiding one coal in its mouth; at first people thought it was the Toad; the Toad told them to step on it, burped out the coal, explained that it had saved the fire and that M. and A. were to blame; the toad remained flat; people put coals in clumps of bird feathers and gave them to fast-running birds, who surrounded the savannah where M. and A. were with fire; M. climbed a tall tree, A. a low one, and was burned with him; M. collected his bones, walked away, the little Wolf swallowed them, ran away, and shouted that he had eaten the burnt moon; to M.'s question M. replied that he had eaten a crab; M. suggested that the Wolf tie his belly tightly with a cord and run a race; the Wolf ran, got tired, and burst; M. folded A.'s "skeleton" out of sticks, made a head out of a termite nest, sprinkled it with ashes from the bones that he found in the Wolf's intestines, and covered it with leaves; the body was restored; M. shouted that jaguars, snakes, etc. were coming, and A. came to life], 2 [Meri and Ari peed on the fire in the Bororo village, extinguishing it; the Toad ordered them to step on it, burped out a coal, and explained that she had saved the fire and that M. and A. were to blame; the toad remained flat; people tied burning brands to Emu and Seriema, they ran and set the savannah on fire; M. climbed a tall tree, A. a low one, and burned; wolf cub Ókwa says that he ate the burnt A., then replies that he ate a crab; M. suggested that they run a race, gave O. his belt, O. ran into a stump and burst; M. collected A.'s ashes, poured them onto a "skeleton" made of sticks, a lump of roots instead of a head; began to scare A. with a rattlesnake, a jaguar, etc.; he jumped up only after M. said that Europeans were coming], 3 [The otters lit a fire, went to the river; Meri and Ari doused the fire and left; Toad told him to step on her, burped out a coal, explained that she had saved the fire, and M. and A. were to blame], 4 [Meri and Ari met jaguars; Meri climbed a tall tree, and Ari a low one; the jaguars got him and ate him; Meri ordered the ants and bees to collect pieces of flesh and drops of blood from Ari; he laid out the silhouette of Ari's body from sticks, with a termite nest instead of a head; he covered everything with branches and leaves; the next day Ari was safe; Meri: the jaguar, snakes, spirits of the dead are coming; Ari woke up], 5 [approximately the same as (4)]: 17-19, 20-22, 23-24, 25-26, 26-27 (as a whole, #1-15: 17-43).

( Cf. Araguaia. Karaja : Baldus 1953: 213-214 [the old man Sun has two daughters; Abobädäri and his brother want to marry them; the Sun demands 1) to bring tobacco; the leaves stick to his hands, the wives give him a remedy, the tobacco comes off; the Sun scolded his daughters; 2) to bring fish; the river is full of piranhas; a bird picked up the piranhas, brought them to the brothers, they gave them to their father-in-law (piranhas are the fish of the Sun); 3) to get resin for ointment; the resinous tree is surrounded by fire; the brothers ask the birds, they bring water, put out the fire, the brothers bring resin; A. does not dare to sleep with the daughters of the Sun, there may be piranhas in their wombs; the brother suggests turning to the Howler Monkey; he shows how to copulate; A. pulls him away by the forelock, thinking that is enough; Since then, monkeys have had bare foreheads; brothers sleep with their wives, leave them; turn into pirarucu fish; Jabiru storks shoot arrows at fish; A. is unharmed, has a hard body, the brother is soft, killed, eaten], 214-215 [the name of the main character is Idianakatú; 1) bring live piranhas; the brothers smeared themselves with sticky milky juice of the mangabeira tree, dived, the piranhas stuck to them; 2) bring resin; the Sun hoped that it would burn them and disfigure them, making them unattractive to his daughters; I. asked the god Inoschiuä, and he asked the swallows to put out the fire; that is why the swallows fly low over the water; the Sun inserts piranhas into the womb of his daughters; the brother is bitten; I. asks the Monkey to copulate first; since then, monkeys have a red penis and half-bitten testicles; I. asks Jabiru for a branch of the timbo vine, inserts it into their vaginas, the piranhas die; one remains, causing the women to menstruate; the wives answer their husbands that the trees are more beautiful than they are; the insulted brothers leave; the bird Sarakura has invented a boat, the brothers ask for one; they row with the handle of an oar; the dove Miriti explains that one must row with an oar; I. ​​kills the trees with arrows; the brothers turn into pirarucu fish (the origin of these fish); both versions are also in Baldus 1937a: 226-228]).

Eastern Brazil. Kayapo : Wilbert 1978, no. 9 [The Sun killed a deer, Gave the Moon only a lean piece, The Moon began to cry; then the Sun threw a hot, fatty piece into his belly; The Moon threw himself into the river to avoid being burned, The Sun told her to dry; The Moon smeared herself with wet clay, The Sun told a turtle to scrape it off the Moon's body; The Moon screamed in pain], 10 [Banner 1957: 48; The Sun was brave and aggressive, The Moon was timid; complained that after the hunt the Sun kept all the fatty pieces for himself; The Sun responded by throwing hot meat into his belly; the marks of the burn are still visible on the moon; The Moon rose into the sky, and the Sun chased him; not catching him, he turned his anger on the Moon's people, especially those living in the east; sent such heat that their hair became fiery red; they in response shoot arrows at the sun; at sunrise and sunset they are visible as rays]: 65-66, 66; apinaye: Wilbert 1978, #6 [Mbud-ti (the sun) came down to earth; Mbuduvrí-re, came down after him, but missed; saw the sun hunting from afar; got down on all fours and hid; the sun found him: are you scared? the moon: did not recognize you; then admitted that he was ashamed, because he had not hit the right place; the sun passed by a wasps' nest and said to the moon: here, take this calabash; he took it, was bitten, his eyes were swollen shut; the sun led him as if he were blind; he stepped over a log, and the moon hit himself and fell; the sun carried him on his back and deliberately walked in such a way that the branches lashed him in the face; he clutched the texticles; in the hut he put him on thorns; he pulled out the stings and cured him; he asked the woodpecker for his fiery crown; he warned that it should not touch the ground; he caught the Sun, tossed it from hand to hand until it cooled down, hid it in a vessel at home; the Moon noticed, took it out, began to dance; the Sun came running, cursed him; the next day the Moon persuaded the Sun to take him with him so that he too could receive the crown; he was frightened, seeing the fire, let the crown fall to the ground; the grass caught fire; the Sun waited out the fire in a clay wasps' nest; the Moon did not hide right away, got burned; they began to collect the dead animals; the Sun was all fat, the Moon - skin and bones (it was the Sun who cast a spell); the Moon complains, the Sun throws hot capybara meat into his belly, removes water from the stream; then returns, but the turtle bites the Moon in the burnt place; the Moon left his meat, it became wormy; the Sun cut it, threw it away, the pieces became animals with wool; The Moon returned, took the rhea meat roasted by the Sun, threw the pieces, they became all the game birds; the Sun ate the fruits of the buriti palm, his excrement became red; advised the Moon to eat the flowers of the ant tree (pau d'arco, Tabebuia impetiginosa), the excrement of the Moon became black; when the Moon began to eat the buriti fruits, the Sun ordered them to become hard on one side; the Moon threw the fruit into the trunk, all the fruit trees became tall, and they were short; the Moon said that now people from afar will understand where the water is, for they will notice the tall trees; the Sun brought two parrot chicks; he gave the worse one to the Moon, taught him to speak; returning from hunting, the Sun and the Moon find a ready dinner; they take the girls by surprise, get married; The Sun leaves the woodpecker, the snail and the quartz to chop wood, the Moon heard the knocking, threw a club at the sound, the magic workers stopped working; the Sun and the Moon grow calabashes Lagenaria sp., throw them in pairs into the water, they turn into people; after the Moon had created four pairs of people, the Sun made it so that the next pair of the Moon is blind and lame; the Moon did the same with the last pair of the Sun's people; the Sun made a village, divided the Kol-ti and Kol-re phratries; the chiefs are from the Kol-ti phratry, as the Sun ordered; when the people intermarried, the Sun and the Moon ascended to the sky], 8 [Mehapame (the Sun) has a headdress made of the feathers of the woodpecker Campephilus rubicollis; Bruburé (the Moon) wanted the same; M. took him to the grove where the woodpeckers are; the fourth woodpecker agreed to shed his feathers; B. was sure to catch them himself; feathers of fire, B.jumped back, feathers fell to the ground, the ground caught fire; M. hid in a wasps' nest, which did not burn, and B. in a combustible one; managed to jump out and run to M.; after the fire, many animals died; B. began to beg M. for meat, he threw a hot piece into his stomach, the piece stuck, B. tore it off and rushed to the river; M. made the water disappear, B. applied wet sand to his stomach; a turtle bit him in the burned place; B. asked M. for mercy; water appeared, but the scars on the moon are still visible]: 51-55, 63-64;ramkokamekra [=Nimuendaju 1946: 243-245; The Sun (Pud) and the Moon (Puduvri) did not know about each other; The Moon saw tracks, reached the hut, the Sun was in it; suggested that they live together; while the Moon was sleeping, the Sun came to the Woodpecker, who had finished making a shining red headdress of feathers; the Woodpecker agreed to give it to him, warned him not to drop it on the ground; the Sun caught it, tossed it from hand to hand until the headdress cooled down, put it on; the Moon asked for the same for himself, wanted to catch the headdress himself when the Woodpecker dropped it, did not allow the Sun to catch it, because he was afraid that he would take it again for himself; he dropped it, the ground caught fire; the Sun hid in a wasps' nest that does not burn, the Moon in the one that does burn; He rushed into the armadillo's hole, where the smoke finally reached the other side of the river, where the fire had not reached; The Sun found capybaras, a male and a female, who had died in the fire, and offered the Moon a choice; he chose the female, she looked fatter, but the Sun spat on her beforehand, the meat turned out to be lean, and the male's meat chosen by the Sun was fat; The Moon offered to swap, the Sun spat again, and received a fat female; The Sun fried the liver, threw it on the Moon's belly, burned him, and ordered him to jump into the water and not to touch the turtle at the bottom; The Moon touched him, and the gushing stream carried him away, and he clung to the branches of an inga tree (mimosa family); the burn spots on the Moon's belly are still visible; The Sun stopped chopping with the axe and left; The Moon heard the sound, called out, and the axe stopped chopping; since then, axes themselves do not work; The Sun killed the Moon, covered him with branches; he was reborn, the Sun told him not to peek anymore; the buriti palms (Mauritian palm, Maurutua flexuosa) were low, the Sun ate his fill of fruit, his excrement turned red; the Moon relieved himself, his excrement was black; she covered it with red; the Sun got angry, but said where and what he ate; when the Moon began to eat the fruit, the Sun spat so that they would remain unripe on one side; the Moon suggested exchanging palms, the Sun spat - the Moon's fruits were again unripe; he threw one into a palm tree, they stretched out to their current height; the Sun dived, emerged with a handsome youth; the Moon - with an ugly one; the same with the girls; they dived many times; that is why now there are beautiful people and people with defects; Sun and Moon separated, Sun took the day for himself, despite Moon's protests]: Wilbert 1978, No. 7: 58-61; apaniekra [Pud (sun) asked Woodpecker to throw him a red headdress; the headdress was hot, but Sun caught it and put it on; Pudlêra (moon) wanted the same, but got burned, dropped it, the earth caught fire; Moon climbed the trees, but fire followed; Sun found Moon lying on the ground; his belly was burned, that's why there are spots on the moon]: Wilbert 1978, No. 4: 33-34; kraho[Schultz 1950: 53-63; Pud (the sun) mocks Pudleré (the moon); they killed two capybaras, the Sun offered the moon a choice, he chose the fat one, but she became skinny; threw hot capybara fat at the moon, he was burned, threw himself into the water, grabbed a turtle, the water spilled over the whole world; the Sun pulled it out at the last moment; created mosquitoes; Moon: why do they only bite me? Sun: indeed; created horseflies; Sun took for himself a headdress made of red woodpecker feathers; Pudlere (the moon) wanted the same; the Sun threw it to him from a tree, told him to catch it, not to let it fall to the ground; there were hot coals with the headdress, the Moon dropped it, the earth caught fire; the Moon saved itself by hiding in a clay wasp's nest; the Sun told the calabash to come to his house and become a woman; The Moon saw her, called her to him, but she did not come; The Moon pretended that his eyes hurt and he could not go hunting with the Sun; forced the woman to lie with him; The Sun returned and drove the woman out; The Sun eats fruit, his excrement is red; The Moon wants the same, but the fruit becomes hard; The Sun tells the snake to bite the Moon; sends another calabash to himself to become a new wife; at first the children became adults in a day; The Sun and the Moon discuss whether this is right; establish funeral rites and ascend to heaven]: Wilbert 1978, no. 5: 38-48; collapse [Schultz 1950: 53-63; Pud (the sun) and Pudleré (the moon) each went to cultivate his own plot; All the Sun's tools work by themselves and quickly; The moon must work by himself; The sun pretends to work by himself too; finally Moon went to Sun's plot and saw what was happening there; the tools immediately stopped working; now the people had to clear the plot and grow crops with great difficulty]: Wilbert 1978, no. 12: 68-72; krenye [Moon asks Sun for a capybara liver; he gives him a whole capybara, Moon complains that it is skinny; Sun throws a piece of hot meat in Moon's face, pushes him into the river; but fearing to be left without a companion, he pulled him out]: Wilbert 1978, no. 11: 67; sherente [Nimuendaju 1944: 183; Waptokwá (sun) and Wáirie (month) were collecting rhea eggs; Waptokwá baked one in the ashes and opened it; Wáirie asks how he broke the shell; "On his stomach"; he broke a hot egg on his belly and got burned; since then the belly of the Moon has been spotted]: Wilbert, Simoneau 1984a, no. 6: 35; (cf. Sherente [Nimuendaju 1944: 183; Waptokwá (the sun) and Wáirie (the moon) put on the bark of two kinds of trees, jumped into the water, became fish; a woman noticed them, people started shooting; when all the arrows were shot, W. and W. swam away, became people, brought them to the village; people started regretting that they had not come with arrows earlier, they could have helped to catch two big fish]: Wilbert, Simoneau 1984a, no. 3: 33; Sherente[Nimuendaju 1944: 183; Waptokwá (sun) and Wáirie (moon) visited a village of the Serem people (Cariama cristata bird) and saw baskets full of captured flying ants there; when they noticed a woman, they themselves turned into women and asked her to bring them such a basket; she brought it and left; the same episode with a boy (they turned into boys); so with many different people]: Wilbert, Simoneau 1984a, no. 4: 34).

SE Brazil. Mashakali [The Sun asked the Woodpecker to throw red feathers from his head down a tree to make a headdress; the Woodpecker told him to dig a deeper hole; he threw them, the Sun grabbed the feathers engulfed in flames, extinguished them, and put on the headdress; the Moon saw it and wanted the same; when the Sun left, the Moon asked the Woodpecker to give him a headdress, dug a hole, grabbed the headdress, burned himself, the earth caught fire, the Moon started to run, became a bumblebee, hid in a hole, then went across the river, and the flames went out by the river; the Moon found the headdress left under the tree, but it was yellow; the Sun said that he had tried to teach him, but he did not listen]: Popovich 1971: 29-59; kamakan [The Moon is stupid, commits irresponsible acts (mischief-maker); his brother the Sun revives him several times; in one of the episodes the Sun, in order to get arrows, turns into a capybara, exposes itself to the arrows of the villagers, carries away the arrows]: Metraux, Nimuendaju 1946b: 551-552; kaingang [water flooded the land, leaving Mount Krinjijinbe; the people of the kaingang, kayurukre and kame groups swam, holding smoldering brands in their teeth to keep the fire going; kayurukre and kame drowned, penetrated into the mountain, began to live there; the kaingang climbed the mountain, some into the trees on the mountain; the sarakura birds (Aramides saracura) began to sing, brought baskets of earth, poured it onto the water, ducks came to their aid; a plain arose; those who climbed the trees became monkeys; they began to pour earth from the east, therefore the rivers flow west into the Parana; kayurukre and kame came to the surface from different sides of the mountain; The Kame injured their legs, they swelled up, now their legs are big, and Kaiyurukre's are small; the shaman Kaiyurukre molded jaguars from coal and ashes; when he made tapirs, only ashes remained; he told them to eat meat; the tapirs' ears were small, the tapirs asked again, the shaman was already molding another animal, he told them to eat leaves and grass; by the morning the shaman did not have time to finish the anteater, so it has no teeth; Kaiyurukre made good animals, including bees, and Kame bad ones, so that they could fight those created by Kaiyurukre: puma, poisonous snakes, wasps; having learned that jaguars devour people, Kaiyurukre and Kame threw a log across the river; when the jaguars stepped onto the bridge, Kame pushed the log off; he got scared, let the part go; [The Kayurukre, Kame and Kaingang established rules for the exchange of marriage partners]: Borba 1904: 57f in Koch-Grünberg 1921, no. 77: 209-212 (German paraphrase in Teschauer 1914: 33; Russian translation Siebert 1972: 134-137; French paraphrase Ploetz, Metraux 1930: 212-213).

Chaco. Chamacoco : Cordeu 1984, no. [during a famine, the Sun asked for food to be sent from the sky; he moved away when the food was falling, and the Moon was crushed; the Sun imitated the defecation of a rhea, snuck into the flock, hunted; the Moon was unsuccessful, the rhea killed him; the Sun turned into a duck, led the other ducks into a trap; the Moon failed, the ducks killed him; the Sun convinced the mosquitoes to bring him valuables; the Moon irritated them, they bit him; the Sun and the Moon turned into eagles; they competed to see who could stay underwater longer; the Moon won, so it shines at night and the Sun during the day]: 236; Escobar 2006 [the Sun Deich teaches his younger brother (var.: nephew) the Month Pyne to hunt rhea so that he can then teach people; Having eaten the wild fruits and flowers that the rheas feed on, he himself became one of them; He explains to the distrustful rheas that he is larger than them because he knows where the food is; Having run up, he spews out gases and digested food - the same as the rheas; The rheas ate their fill, fell asleep, D. wrung their necks; P. repeats the trick, but first eats human food; They recognized him, tore him apart, trampled him to death; D. revives him; Having looked a wild dog in the eyes, he turns him into a domestic one, hunts with him; P. rushes to pick up the rheas killed by the dog ahead of time, the dog mauled him; D. himself teaches people to hunt; He goes with P. to the ends of the earth, P. gets tired, D. gives him a white horse; They agree to walk across the sky at different times; They meet during eclipses, when D. corrects P.'s mistakes, teaches him to walk from east to west, and not from north to south; P. suggests making people mortal so that the earth will not overflow; D. throws fruit on the earth; P. says that the fruit will leave seeds, life will return; then D. throws a stone, it falls into the pond and drowns; therefore people are mortal, as the first shaman once wanted]: 223-225; Wilbert, Simoneau 1987a, no. 9-20; 42-78; matako : Wilbert, Simoneau 1982a, no. 9 [The Sun is the Moon's friend, he protects him; caught white lice and gave some to the Moon; Moon: I know how to catch lice; left and disappeared; the Sun went to look for him, found him barely alive: one of the lice caught by the Moon made a hole in his head; the Sun combed his hair and he recovered], 10 [Metraux 1939: 13-14; The Sun turns into a dorado; people throw spears at it, they stick in but do no harm; the Sun carries away the spears; the Moon tries to repeat the trick, is killed, boiled, eaten; the Sun turns into a dog, carries away his bones; something is missing; the Sun finds a heart, then a gall bladder, revives the Moon; but from then on he is yellow], 11 [Metraux 1939: 14-15; The Sun takes the form of a duck, creeps up on the ducks unnoticed, dives, catches them in a net; distributes meat, gives the Moon an old duck; he decides to repeat the trick; the ducks are on guard, tell him to show them his excrement; they recognize the Moon by his disgusting smell, tear out his intestines; now spots are visible on the disk of the moon]: 49-50, 51, 52.

Southern Brazil. Ofaie : Nimuendaju 1914 [The Sun keeps wild pigs in a pen; his brother the Moon, in his absence, asks his wife to allow him to shoot a pig; the pigs run away; the Sun throws boiling water in the face of the Moon, the spots are still visible]: 377; Ribeiro 1951 [The Sun is skillful and lucky, turns people into animals; the Moon is stupid, protects people], no. 1, 2 [The Sun became a dorado fish, putting on strong scales; people began to shoot arrows at the fish, then throw bows, the Sun carried it all away; the Moon decided to repeat the trick, but put on thin scales and was killed; the Sun came to the people, collected the bones of the Moon, revived him (the informant does not remember how exactly)]: 119-120, 121; Mbia [an owl falls into a partridge trap; a girl takes it for herself, becomes pregnant by it; the owl turns out to be the supreme deity Pa-pa Miri; he goes to heaven, the woman promises to come to him with a son who will be born; the son shows her the way from the womb, asks to pick a flower; a wasp stings her, they quarrel, the son falls silent; the woman comes to the Mbae-ypi creatures , the old woman hides her under a pot; the youngest of the grandchildren finds, kills the woman; the child (Pa-i, the Sun) cannot be killed, he is thrown out, he grows up, lives with the old woman, hunts, makes himself a brother (the future Moon) from a leaf; the parrot tells them about the fate of their mother, the brothers release all the caught birds; Pa-i makes a trap; confident in their invulnerability, the Mbae-ypi fall into it one by one, die; in order to destroy their women too, Pa-i creates a fruit tree across the river, throws pieces of bark into the water, they turn into predatory creatures; makes a bridge; the brothers must rock it at the sign of Pa-i; he gave the sign prematurely, one pregnant woman was saved, jaguars come from her, the rest fell from the bridge, eaten by aquatic predators; Pa-i resurrects his mother from bones three times, but the brother rushes to suck the breast each time, the mother dies again; Pa-i scatters the bones throughout the forest, paca rodents emerge from them; when a hunter kills a paca, the Sun does not come out for a long time, because he repents that he left his wife alone (i.e. Pa-pa Miri is identified with the sun, as is his son); Charia catches fish. Pa-i 's brother dives, is caught in the form of a fish, fried, eaten; Ch. gives it to Pa-i to taste , who revives his brother from the bones (this death and resurrection are lunar eclipses); Ch. kills the coati, then shoots Pa-i , puts him in a basket, and carries him to his daughters; Pa-i leaves a stone and dirt in his place and runs away; the girls do not find the promised game in the basket; Pa-i's brother comes at night to his aunt; in order to identify her lover, she smears his face with paint;Pa-i makes a chain of arrows, the brothers climb up it to the sky, become the Sun and the Moon; the lunar crescent - a bow in the hands of Pa-i's brother; spots remain on his face; he tries to wash them off, it rains; when Pa-i's son enters the river, the fish die, they can be collected; Ch. asks Pa-i to lend him the boy, hits him on the head, throws him into the water; Pa-i fights with Charia , their forces are equal (solar eclipses); Pa-i gives Ch. a crown of feathers; putting it on, Ch. burns up, mosquitoes, horseflies, gadflies appear from the ashes, a partridge, the mistress of fire, appears from the entrails, the soul turns into an evil spirit; despite Pa-i's prohibition, Ch. 's daughter looks at her father's remains, dies; since then people are mortal]: Cadogán 1958 [comments]: 89; 1959: 70-83 (approximately the same in Cadogán, Lopez Austin 1970: 74-85); Chiripa[Ñanderú Guazú came from the west, placed the earth on a wooden cross (palo cruzado); with him Ñanderú Mbae Kua; they found the first woman under a clay pot, both of them came together with her; NG went to the plot, returned, told his wife to go collect corn; she did not believe that the crop had ripened in a day; NG got angry, left, promised to forgive his wife if she found the way to him; from the womb of their mother their son Kuarahy (the future sun) showed her the way; asked to collect flowers, the woman was stung by a wasp, she cursed K., he fell silent; the woman came to an old woman, she hid her under a pot from her nephews Añag; she told them herself, they killed and ate the woman; the old woman asked to give her the fruit from the womb to eat, but not to boil or bake it; K. considered the old woman to be his mother, shot butterflies, called them by the names of birds, since then the birds have names; the old woman does not allow hunting on the Blue Mountain; K. goes there, finds the bones of his mother, mixes them with corn flour and makes himself a brother Yacy (the future month); the brothers kill birds, NG sent them a parrot, who told them about the fate of their mother; after that K. blew on the killed birds, revived them; when A. killed his mother, K. was stained with her blood, as with every solar eclipse; K. revived his mother from the bones, but A. approached too early, she crumbled again; therefore people are mortal; the inambu bird flew out of her bones; seeing that it was impossible to revive his mother, K. made agouti from her bones; the brothers killed many A., luring them into traps; created a fruit tree, a bridge to it across the river, piranhas and caimans; Ya rocked the bridge too early, all the A.s and the old woman died, but one pregnant female was saved, and the jaguars escaped from her; K. gave Ya power over cultivated plants and the harvest; K. created honey, but Ya asked to leave some of the hollows empty; the urubu vultures had fire; K. was afraid to approach them himself, created the cururu toad, it swallowed the coals, brought them, and burped them up; K. made sugar cane, Ya imitated, and a snake came out; K. created animals, and Añag created ways of hunting them; A. ordered K. to get down from the tree, hit him with a stick, carried him in a bag, placing the killed coatis on top; he put the basket on the ground, K. ran away, leaving behind a rotten tree; A.'s daughters did not find game in the basket; A. returned, mistook the tree for K., knocked it down, it became a deer, and ran away; K. climbed the tree, A. saw its reflection in the water; The owl told where K. was; A. went after K., he created wasps, they bit A. to death; K. and Ya. saw A. fishing; K. bit off and carried away the hook, Ya. got caught; A. caught him in the form of bagre (the first fish); K. asked for bones, Ya. revived (phases of the moon); the brothers came to Saria (this is also Añag); Ya. said that he had many sisters, A. asked them to marry, Ya. told him to ask K.'s permission; he told A. to bring fish for the wives, gave her a girl, at whose feet the fish die; A. began to beat the girl, she turned into a timbo vine; K. gave A. a crown of feathers, it caught fire, A. burned; a partridge flew out of his stomach, the ashes turned into mosquitoes; Ya. was the first to get along with a married woman; At full moon the Moon copulates with girls, causing menstruation; K. made Venus; after copulation I.tells Venus to wash him, so it rains on the new moon; K. and Ya. made a chain of arrows to climb up to their father in the sky; Ya. wanted to climb first to become the sun, but K. climbed first himself]: Bartolomé 1977: 16-40.

Southern Cone. Puelche [The Sun and the Moon are brothers; two vultures stole the Sun's son; the Sun took the form of a dead guanaco; when the birds arrived, he seized one; the Moon became a dead rhea, moved prematurely, the birds flew away; the Sun took the son's bones from the belly of the first bird, but two were in the belly of the bird that had flown away and it was not possible to resurrect the son; before ascending to the sky, the Sun told the Moon to cry; then armadillos would come out of their holes, they could be hunted; the Moon cried twice, too many armadillos came out, they scratched the Moon's face; the spots are still visible]: Lehmann-Nitsche 1919: 183-184; {There is almost no other data on Puelche mythology; most likely, there were many similar episodes - as in the traditions of Amazonia and Eastern Brazil}.