B43. Purusha, D287.5. .14.17.20.-.23.(.24.).25.26.28.-.

.31.35.36.(.39.).45.52.65.66.

Elements of the landscape or parts of the universe are created from the body of the original being.

Berbers of Morocco (Nador), Babylonia, Chamorro, Gilbert Islands (Tuvalu, Mangaia), Tibetans, Apatani, Kachin, Bori, Minyong, Ede, Ancient India (Rigveda, etc.), Oraons, Bhuya, Gonds, Bondo, Juang, Maria, Muria, Konds, Bikol, Manobo, Tboli, Ancient China, Chinese (Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Henan, Shandong), Li, Yi, written tradition (Pigeon Book), Kalmyks, Karachays, Iranian written tradition, Scandinavians, Lithuanians(Zhemaitians), Eastern Khanty, Evens, (Itelmens), Seneca, Aztecs, Caruas, Tacana.

North Africa. Berbers of Morocco (Nador) [the first creature was a peacock in paradise; passing by the mirror of life, he was struck by the surrounding light, began to sweat; from the sweat on his nose God created angels, from the sweat on his face – the sun, moon and stars, on his chest – prophets and saints, on his back – Jerusalem and the Kaaba, mosques and all holy places, on his eyelashes – Muslims, on his ears – Jews and Christians, on his feet – the earth]: Thay Thay 2001, no. 1: 7-8.

Western Asia. Babylonia[the creation poem Enuma elish (believed to have been composed in Babylon in the late 12th or 11th century BC; the surviving tablets come from Babylonia and Assyria; the earliest copies come from Assur and date back to around the 9th century BC; most of the tablets from Assyria date back to the 7th century BC and were found in Nineveh; the tablets from Babylonia date mainly to the Achaemenid and Seleucid eras; the origin of most of the Babylonian tablets remains unknown): the two primordial water elements, Tiamat and her husband Apsu, mix their waters and give birth to the first gods (Apsu's appearance is not described in the poem Enuma elish; Tiamat appears simultaneously as a water element and as some kind of animal, possibly a goat); the gods prevent Apsu from sleeping with their noise; he decides to destroy the gods; Tiamat refuses to help him; having learned of Apsu's plans, the god Ea puts him to sleep with a spell and kills him; he subjugates Mummu, the adviser of Apsu (a being who embodies creative forces and has the form of a ram); over the body of his ancestor, Ea creates for himself a dwelling and calls it Apsu; in Apsu is born Marduk, the son of Ea and his wife Damkina; Marduk surpasses all the other gods; he has four ears and four eyes; šaptīšu ina šutābuli Girra ittanpaḫ "When he moved(?) his lips, a fire flared up (lit.: Girra, the name of the god of fire, which is also used to mean 'fire')"; Anu gives Marduk the four winds; playing with them, Marduk upsets Tiamat and does not give peace to the younger gods; they incite Tiamat to avenge Apsu; Tiamat gives birth to eleven serpentine monsters; she places a god named Kingu at the head of her army; Tiamat makes Kingu her husband and gives him the tablet of destinies; neither Ea nor Anu can resist Tiamat; Marduk is ready to fight her if the gods recognize him as king over them; the gods test Marduk's ability to create and destroy: by Marduk's will one of the constellations disappears; then Marduk recreates it by his word; the gods give Marduk weapons; in addition to them, Marduk makes himself a bow and a net; he is accompanied by winds and lightning; Marduk's body is filled with flames; Marduk rides to battle in a chariot harnessed to four storm demons; during the battle, Marduk entangles Tiamat in a net and sends an "evil wind" against her; having swallowed it, Tiamat cannot close her mouth; Marduk shoots an arrow into Tiamat and kills her; Tiamat's army disperses; Marduk captures the gods who were on Tiamat's side and the monsters she spawned; returning to Tiamat's body, he splits her skull with his mace and cuts her veins; at Marduk's command, the north wind brings Tiamat's blood to the elder gods, and they learn of his victory; Marduk cuts Tiamat's body in two, like a drying fish; from one half he makes the sky; Marduk stretches Tiamat's skin and places guards, ordering them "not to let out her water" (apparently, Tiamat's waters remain above the sky and should not leak down); Marduk makes the heavens like Apsu, the dwelling place of the god Eya, and settles the god of the sky Anu there; for Enlil,one of the supreme gods of the Mesopotamian pantheon, Marduk - also in the likeness of Apsu - creates Esharra (earth or lower heaven?); Marduk arranges "stations" for the gods in the sky and "sets" the stars, which are "likenesses" of the gods; he creates the year and divides it into twelve months; three stars associated with each month are appointed; Neberu, Marduk's luminary (presumably the planet Jupiter), ensures that the stars do not stray from their paths; on both sides of Tiamat's chest (lit. "in the ribs") Marduk opens the heavenly gates and fastens the bolts on them; in Tiamat's belly he places the highest part of the sky; Marduk creates the moon and instructs it to measure days and months; he determines the phases of the moon; the end of the story about the creation of the heavenly bodies and the ordering of time (about 25 lines) is practically not preserved; The damaged passage apparently refers to the sun god Shamash and the further organization of the year; Tiamat's mucus (the original Akkadian word has also been translated as "saliva" or "foam") is probably used to create clouds (the lines that describe this are partially damaged); Tiamat's saliva produces rain and fog; Marduk builds mountains on her head and udder; the Tigris and Euphrates rivers originate from Tiamat's eyes (a pun in the original: the lexeme meaning "eye" also means "source"); from Tiamat's tail Marduk twists Durmahha (lit. "great rope", presumably a reference to the mythical rope that connects heaven and earth and holds the universe together); the rest of the text is partially damaged; It may be that it tells of how Tiamat's lower half (the earth) is used as a support for her upper half (the sky) and at the same time serves as a roof for Apsu, the underground water kingdom of the god Eya (thus the world is surrounded by water both above and below); having completed the creation, Marduk removes the net that was entangled around Tiamat's body during the creation (apparently the net held together the parts of the world Marduk was creating, which were not initially firmly connected to each other); Marduk gives the tablet of destinies to the sky god Anu; images of the eleven monsters defeated by Marduk are placed at the gates of Apsu; they are supposed to remind us of Marduk's deeds; the elder gods proclaim Marduk king over all the gods; at Marduk's direction, Eya creates a man from the blood of the executed Kingu, so that he will work in place of the gods; Marduk divides the gods into two groups: he settles some in the sky, while others become inhabitants of the underworld; the gods build Babylon and the temple of Esagil for Marduk; Anu turns Marduk's bow into a constellation; the gods throw a feast at which they glorify Marduk and call him by fifty names; Marduk's father gives him the fifty-first name, giving him his own name, "Eya" (compiled summary, translation of fragment, and commentary by R.M. Nurullin)]: Lambert 2013: 45-134 (brief paraphrase in Afanas'eva 1982a: 110);Marduk, also in the likeness of Apsu, creates Esharra (earth or lower heaven?); Marduk arranges "stations" for the gods in the sky and "sets" the stars, which are "likenesses" of the gods; he creates the year and divides it into twelve months; three stars associated with each month are appointed; Neberu, Marduk's luminary (presumably the planet Jupiter), ensures that the stars do not stray from their paths; on both sides of Tiamat's chest (lit. "in the ribs") Marduk opens the heavenly gates and fastens the bolts on them; in Tiamat's belly he places the highest part of the sky; Marduk creates the moon and instructs it to measure out days and months; he determines the phases of the moon; the end of the story about the creation of the heavenly bodies and the ordering of time (about 25 lines) is practically not preserved; apparently, the damaged passage spoke about the sun god Shamash and the further organization of the year; mucus (the original Akkadian word is also translated as "saliva" or "foam") Tiamat probably uses to create clouds (the lines about this are partially damaged); rain and fog are formed from Tiamat's saliva; on her head and udder Marduk piles up mountains; the Tigris and Euphrates rivers originate from Tiamat's eyes (in the original, a pun: the lexeme meaning "eye" also means "source"); from Tiamat's tail Marduk twists Durmahha (lit. "great rope", presumably a reference to the mythical rope that connects heaven and earth and holds the universe together); the rest of the text is partially damaged; It may be that it tells of how Tiamat's lower half (the earth) is used as a support for her upper half (the sky) and at the same time serves as a roof for Apsu, the underground water kingdom of the god Eya (thus the world is surrounded by water both above and below); having completed the creation, Marduk removes the net that was entangled around Tiamat's body during the creation (apparently the net held together the parts of the world Marduk was creating, which were not initially firmly connected to each other); Marduk gives the tablet of destinies to the sky god Anu; images of the eleven monsters defeated by Marduk are placed at the gates of Apsu; they are supposed to remind us of Marduk's deeds; the elder gods proclaim Marduk king over all the gods; at Marduk's direction, Eya creates a man from the blood of the executed Kingu, so that he will work in place of the gods; Marduk divides the gods into two groups: he settles some in the sky, while others become inhabitants of the underworld; the gods build Babylon and the temple of Esagil for Marduk; Anu turns Marduk's bow into a constellation; the gods throw a feast at which they glorify Marduk and call him by fifty names; Marduk's father gives him the fifty-first name, giving him his own name, "Eya" (compiled summary, translation of fragment, and commentary by R.M. Nurullin)]: Lambert 2013: 45-134 (brief paraphrase in Afanas'eva 1982a: 110);Marduk, also in the likeness of Apsu, creates Esharra (earth or lower heaven?); Marduk arranges "stations" for the gods in the sky and "sets" the stars, which are "likenesses" of the gods; he creates the year and divides it into twelve months; three stars associated with each month are appointed; Neberu, Marduk's luminary (presumably the planet Jupiter), ensures that the stars do not stray from their paths; on both sides of Tiamat's chest (lit. "in the ribs") Marduk opens the heavenly gates and fastens the bolts on them; in Tiamat's belly he places the highest part of the sky; Marduk creates the moon and instructs it to measure out days and months; he determines the phases of the moon; the end of the story about the creation of the heavenly bodies and the ordering of time (about 25 lines) is practically not preserved; apparently, the damaged passage spoke about the sun god Shamash and the further organization of the year; mucus (the original Akkadian word is also translated as "saliva" or "foam") Tiamat probably uses to create clouds (the lines about this are partially damaged); rain and fog are formed from Tiamat's saliva; on her head and udder Marduk piles up mountains; the Tigris and Euphrates rivers originate from Tiamat's eyes (in the original, a pun: the lexeme meaning "eye" also means "source"); from Tiamat's tail Marduk twists Durmahha (lit. "great rope", presumably a reference to the mythical rope that connects heaven and earth and holds the universe together); the rest of the text is partially damaged; It may be that it tells of how Tiamat's lower half (the earth) is used as a support for her upper half (the sky) and at the same time serves as a roof for Apsu, the underground water kingdom of the god Eya (thus the world is surrounded by water both above and below); having completed the creation, Marduk removes the net that was entangled around Tiamat's body during the creation (apparently the net held together the parts of the world Marduk was creating, which were not initially firmly connected to each other); Marduk gives the tablet of destinies to the sky god Anu; images of the eleven monsters defeated by Marduk are placed at the gates of Apsu; they are supposed to remind us of Marduk's deeds; the elder gods proclaim Marduk king over all the gods; at Marduk's direction, Eya creates a man from the blood of the executed Kingu, so that he will work in place of the gods; Marduk divides the gods into two groups: he settles some in the sky, while others become inhabitants of the underworld; the gods build Babylon and the temple of Esagil for Marduk; Anu turns Marduk's bow into a constellation; the gods throw a feast at which they glorify Marduk and call him by fifty names; Marduk's father gives him the fifty-first name, giving him his own name, "Eya" (compiled summary, translation of fragment, and commentary by R.M. Nurullin)]: Lambert 2013: 45-134 (brief paraphrase in Afanas'eva 1982a: 110);planet Jupiter), ensures that the stars do not stray from their courses; on either side of Tiamat's chest (lit. "in the ribs") Marduk opens the gates of heaven and fastens the bolts on them; in Tiamat's belly he places the highest part of the sky; Marduk creates the moon and instructs it to measure out days and months; he determines the phases of the moon; the end of the story about the creation of the heavenly bodies and the ordering of time (about 25 lines) is almost completely lost; apparently, the damaged passage was about the sun god Shamash and the further organization of the year; Tiamat's mucus (the Akkadian word used in the original is also translated as "saliva" or "foam") is probably used to create clouds (the lines telling about this are partially damaged); rain and fog are formed from Tiamat's saliva; Marduk pours mountains on her head and udder; from Tiamat's eyes the rivers Tigris and Euphrates originate (in the original, a play on words: the lexeme meaning "eye" also means "source"); from Tiamat's tail Marduk twists Durmahha (lit. "great rope", presumably referring to the mythical rope that connects heaven and earth and holds the universe together); the rest of the text is partially damaged; it may describe how Tiamat's lower half (the earth) is used as a support for her upper half (the sky) and at the same time serves as a roof for Apsu, the underground water kingdom of the god Eya (thus, the world is surrounded by water both above and below); having completed the creation, Marduk removes the net that had been entangled around Tiamat's body during the creation (apparently, the net held together parts of the world Marduk was creating that were not firmly connected to each other at first); Marduk gives the tablet of destinies to the god of heaven Anu; the images of the eleven monsters defeated by Marduk are placed at the gates of Apsu; they are to remind of the deeds of Marduk; the elder gods proclaim Marduk king over all the gods; at Marduk's command, Eya creates a man from the blood of the executed Kingu, so that he will work in place of the gods; Marduk divides the gods into two groups: some he settles in heaven, others become inhabitants of the underworld; the gods build Babylon and the temple of Esagil for Marduk; Anu turns Marduk's bow into a constellation; the gods arrange a feast at which they glorify Marduk and call him by fifty names; Marduk’s fifty-first name is given to him by his father, who gives him his own name “Eya” (compiled summary, translation of fragment and commentary by R.M. Nurullin)]: Lambert 2013: 45-134 (brief paraphrase in Afanasyev 1982a: 110);planet Jupiter), ensures that the stars do not stray from their courses; on either side of Tiamat's chest (lit. "in the ribs") Marduk opens the gates of heaven and fastens the bolts on them; in Tiamat's belly he places the highest part of the sky; Marduk creates the moon and instructs it to measure out days and months; he determines the phases of the moon; the end of the story about the creation of the heavenly bodies and the ordering of time (about 25 lines) is almost completely lost; apparently, the damaged passage was about the sun god Shamash and the further organization of the year; Tiamat's mucus (the Akkadian word used in the original is also translated as "saliva" or "foam") is probably used to create clouds (the lines telling about this are partially damaged); rain and fog are formed from Tiamat's saliva; Marduk pours mountains on her head and udder; from Tiamat's eyes the rivers Tigris and Euphrates originate (in the original, a play on words: the lexeme meaning "eye" also means "source"); from Tiamat's tail Marduk twists Durmahha (lit. "great rope", presumably referring to the mythical rope that connects heaven and earth and holds the universe together); the rest of the text is partially damaged; it may describe how Tiamat's lower half (the earth) is used as a support for her upper half (the sky) and at the same time serves as a roof for Apsu, the underground water kingdom of the god Eya (thus, the world is surrounded by water both above and below); having completed the creation, Marduk removes the net that had been entangled around Tiamat's body during the creation (apparently, the net held together parts of the world Marduk was creating that were not firmly connected to each other at first); Marduk gives the tablet of destinies to the god of heaven Anu; the images of the eleven monsters defeated by Marduk are placed at the gates of Apsu; they are to remind of the deeds of Marduk; the elder gods proclaim Marduk king over all the gods; at Marduk's command, Eya creates a man from the blood of the executed Kingu, so that he will work in place of the gods; Marduk divides the gods into two groups: some he settles in heaven, others become inhabitants of the underworld; the gods build Babylon and the temple of Esagil for Marduk; Anu turns Marduk's bow into a constellation; the gods arrange a feast at which they glorify Marduk and call him by fifty names; Marduk’s fifty-first name is given to him by his father, who gives him his own name “Eya” (compiled summary, translation of fragment and commentary by R.M. Nurullin)]: Lambert 2013: 45-134 (brief paraphrase in Afanasyev 1982a: 110);the damaged passage deals with the sun god Shamash and the further organization of the year; Tiamat's mucus (the original Akkadian word has also been translated as "saliva" or "foam") is probably used to create clouds (the lines that describe this are partially damaged); rain and fog are formed from Tiamat's saliva; Marduk builds mountains on her head and udder; the Tigris and Euphrates rivers originate from Tiamat's eyes (in the original, a play on words: the lexeme meaning "eye" also means "source"); from Tiamat's tail Marduk twists Durmahha (lit. "great rope", presumably a reference to the mythical rope that connects heaven and earth and holds the universe together); the rest of the text is partially damaged; It may be that it tells of how Tiamat's lower half (the earth) is used as a support for her upper half (the sky) and at the same time serves as a roof for Apsu, the underground water kingdom of the god Eya (thus the world is surrounded by water both above and below); having completed the creation, Marduk removes the net that was entangled around Tiamat's body during the creation (apparently the net held together the parts of the world Marduk was creating, which were not initially firmly connected to each other); Marduk gives the tablet of destinies to the sky god Anu; images of the eleven monsters defeated by Marduk are placed at the gates of Apsu; they are supposed to remind us of Marduk's deeds; the elder gods proclaim Marduk king over all the gods; at Marduk's direction, Eya creates a man from the blood of the executed Kingu, so that he will work in place of the gods; Marduk divides the gods into two groups: he settles some in the sky, while others become inhabitants of the underworld; the gods build Babylon and the temple of Esagil for Marduk; Anu turns Marduk's bow into a constellation; the gods throw a feast at which they glorify Marduk and call him by fifty names; Marduk's father gives him the fifty-first name, giving him his own name, "Eya" (compiled summary, translation of fragment, and commentary by R.M. Nurullin)]: Lambert 2013: 45-134 (brief paraphrase in Afanas'eva 1982a: 110);the damaged passage deals with the sun god Shamash and the further organization of the year; Tiamat's mucus (the original Akkadian word has also been translated as "saliva" or "foam") is probably used to create clouds (the lines that describe this are partially damaged); rain and fog are formed from Tiamat's saliva; Marduk builds mountains on her head and udder; the Tigris and Euphrates rivers originate from Tiamat's eyes (in the original, a play on words: the lexeme meaning "eye" also means "source"); from Tiamat's tail Marduk twists Durmahha (lit. "great rope", presumably a reference to the mythical rope that connects heaven and earth and holds the universe together); the rest of the text is partially damaged; It may be that it tells of how Tiamat's lower half (the earth) is used as a support for her upper half (the sky) and at the same time serves as a roof for Apsu, the underground water kingdom of the god Eya (thus the world is surrounded by water both above and below); having completed the creation, Marduk removes the net that was entangled around Tiamat's body during the creation (apparently the net held together the parts of the world Marduk was creating, which were not initially firmly connected to each other); Marduk gives the tablet of destinies to the sky god Anu; images of the eleven monsters defeated by Marduk are placed at the gates of Apsu; they are supposed to remind us of Marduk's deeds; the elder gods proclaim Marduk king over all the gods; at Marduk's direction, Eya creates a man from the blood of the executed Kingu, so that he will work in place of the gods; Marduk divides the gods into two groups: he settles some in the sky, while others become inhabitants of the underworld; the gods build Babylon and the temple of Esagil for Marduk; Anu turns Marduk's bow into a constellation; the gods throw a feast at which they glorify Marduk and call him by fifty names; Marduk's father gives him the fifty-first name, giving him his own name, "Eya" (compiled summary, translation of fragment, and commentary by R.M. Nurullin)]: Lambert 2013: 45-134 (brief paraphrase in Afanas'eva 1982a: 110);which Tiamat's body was entangled during creation (apparently the net held together the parts of the world Marduk was creating, which were not initially firmly connected to each other); Marduk gives the tablet of destinies to the god of the sky Anu; images of the eleven monsters defeated by Marduk are placed at the gates of Apsu; they are supposed to remind of Marduk's deeds; the elder gods proclaim Marduk king over all the gods; at Marduk's command, Eya creates a man from the blood of the executed Kingu, so that he will work in place of the gods; Marduk divides the gods into two groups: some he settles in heaven, others become inhabitants of the underworld; the gods build Babylon and the temple of Esagil for Marduk; Anu turns Marduk's bow into a constellation; the gods arrange a feast at which they glorify Marduk and call him by fifty names; Marduk’s fifty-first name is given to him by his father, who gives him his own name “Eya” (compiled summary, translation of fragment and commentary by R.M. Nurullin)]: Lambert 2013: 45-134 (brief paraphrase in Afanasyev 1982a: 110);which Tiamat's body was entangled during creation (apparently the net held together the parts of the world Marduk was creating, which were not initially firmly connected to each other); Marduk gives the tablet of destinies to the god of the sky Anu; images of the eleven monsters defeated by Marduk are placed at the gates of Apsu; they are supposed to remind of Marduk's deeds; the elder gods proclaim Marduk king over all the gods; at Marduk's command, Eya creates a man from the blood of the executed Kingu, so that he will work in place of the gods; Marduk divides the gods into two groups: some he settles in heaven, others become inhabitants of the underworld; the gods build Babylon and the temple of Esagil for Marduk; Anu turns Marduk's bow into a constellation; the gods arrange a feast at which they glorify Marduk and call him by fifty names; Marduk’s fifty-first name is given to him by his father, who gives him his own name “Eya” (compiled summary, translation of fragment and commentary by R.M. Nurullin)]: Lambert 2013: 45-134 (brief paraphrase in Afanasyev 1982a: 110);Babylonia[1) The Babylonian History, written in Greek by the Babylonian author Berossus (second half of the 4th – first half of the 3rd century BC) and which has come down to us in several fragments; then comes a quote from the Armenian translation of the Chronicle of Eusebius of Caesarea (3rd-4th centuries AD); Eusebius was familiar with the Babylonian History through a chain of intermediaries, primarily through Alexander Polyhistor (late 2nd – 1st century BC): “I will relate what this Berossus writes in the first book of his history, and I will add to what has already been said what Polyhistor included in his work. He sets out one after another, in order, as follows. An unreliable Chaldean history from Alexander Polyhistor’s book dedicated to these Chaldeans. Berossus relates in the first Babylonian book that he was a contemporary of Alexander, the son of Philip, that he wrote the books of many writers, which have been preserved with great care in Babylon for 215 myriads of years. In them is an account of times, and records of stories about heaven and earth, and the sea, and the first creations, and about kings, about their deeds and exploits. <…> There was, he says, a time when darkness and water reigned everywhere. And there were some monsters there, some of which were spontaneously generated and had life-giving forms. They gave birth to people with two wings; and besides, there were others with four wings and two faces, having one body, but two heads - female and male, and a double sex, male and female; and then still other people - with goat's legs and with horns on their heads; and others still - with horse's legs, and still others who are horses in the back, and people in the front, these had the appearance of hippocentaurs. They also begot bulls with human heads, and dogs with four bodies, whose tail stuck out behind like a fish; and horses with dogs' heads; and other monsters with a horse's head, a human body, and a fish's stature; and besides, all sorts of dragon-like monsters; and fishes, and reptiles, and serpents, and a host of wondrous and varied creatures, each having parts of its own. Their images are kept in the temple of Bel, set out one after another. And over them all reigned a woman, whose name was Markaye, who in Chaldean is called Thalatta, and translated into Greek is Thalatta. This is the sea. And while this whole chaotic mass was in turmoil, Bel rushed against it and tore the woman in two: from one half he created the earth, and from the other the sky; and the other living creatures that were within her he destroyed. Allegorically, he says, and figuratively, these legends are told about nature. Namely, that everywhere there was moisture and water, only monsters were inside; and this god cut off his head, and the blood that flowed out of him, the other gods collected, mixed with earth and created people from it; therefore people are reasonable and participate in the wisdom of the gods. And about Bel, who is translated into Greek as "Zeus", and into Armenian - Aramazd, he says that he divided the darkness in the middle, separated heaven and earth from each other and created the world. The monsters could not withstand the power of the light and perished."But Belus, he says, seeing that the earth was deserted and fertile, commanded one of the gods to mix the blood that had spilled from the severed head with the earth and to create people, as well as cattle and other animals that could bear this light. Belus created the stars, the Sun, the Moon, and the five wandering stars [planets]. Berossus tells about this, according to Polyhistor, in the first book ... "; 2) the same fragment of the "Babylonian History" of Berossus, transmitted in the "Selected Chronography" of George Syncellus (VIII-IX centuries AD) based on the "Chronicle" of Eusebius of Caesarea (probably on its Greek original, which is now lost): "There was, he says, a time when everything was darkness and water, and in them monstrous creatures were born, having an unusual appearance. For there appeared two-winged men, and some with four wings and two faces, having one body, but two heads, male and female, and a double shame, male and female. And other men, some with goat's legs and horns, some with horse's legs, some with the hindquarters of a horse, and the forequarters of a man, these had the appearance of hippocentaurs. There were also born bulls with human heads, and dogs with four bodies, with fish tails sticking out from behind, and dog-headed horses, and men, and other creatures having the heads and bodies of horses, and the tails of fish, and other creatures having the forms of various animals. Besides these, fish, and reptiles, and snakes, and many other wonderful creatures, alternately combining in their appearance the features of each other. Their images are exhibited in the temple of Bel. And over them all ruled a woman named "Omorka"; in Chaldean it is "Talatth", and in Greek it is translated as "sea", and numerically it is the moon. When everything was in this state, Bel, having climbed on the woman, tore her in the middle, and made one half of her earth, and the other half - heaven, and the animals that were inside her disappeared. Thus, he says, nature is allegorically described. Everything was moisture and living beings were born in it, and this god cut off his own head, and the other gods mixed the blood that gushed from the head with the earth and created people. Therefore, they are rational and partakers of divine thought. Bel, which in translation means "Zeus", having divided the darkness in the middle, separated the earth and heaven from each other, and created the cosmos. The animals, not bearing the power of light, perished. Belus, seeing that the earth was deserted and fertile, commanded one of the gods to cut off his head, and, mixing the earth with the blood that gushed out, he created men and beasts capable of bearing the air. Belus created the stars, and the sun, and the moon, and the five planets. Thus, according to Alexander Polyhistor, Berossus relates in the first book”: Kuzishchin 2002, fr. 1: 299-300, 306 (English translation of an excerpt from Syncellus’s “Selected Chronography” in Verbrugghe, Wickersham 2001, F1: 45-46).“Berossus tells about this, according to Polyhistor, in the first book…”; 2) the same fragment of Berossus’s “Babylonian History”, transmitted in the “Selected Chronography” of Georgius Syncellus (8th-9th centuries AD) based on the “Chronicle” of Eusebius of Caesarea (probably on its Greek original, which is now lost): “There was, he says, a time when everything was darkness and water, and in them monstrous creatures were born, having an unusual appearance. For two-winged people appeared, and some with four wings and two faces, they had one body, but two heads, male and female, and double shame, male and female. And other people, some with goat’s legs and horns, some with horse’s legs, some with the back of a horse, and the front of a man, these had the appearance of hippocentaurs. There were born bulls with human heads, and dogs with four bodies, with fish tails sticking out behind, and dog-headed horses, and men, and other creatures having the heads and bodies of horses, and the tails of fish, and other creatures having the forms of various animals. Besides these, fish, and reptiles, and snakes, and many other wonderful creatures, alternately combining in their appearance the features of each other. Their images are exhibited in the temple of Bel. And over them all reigned a woman named "Omorka"; in Chaldean it is "Talatth", and in Greek it is translated as "sea", and numerically it is the moon. When everything was in this state, Bel, having climbed upon the woman, tore her in the middle, and made one half of her earth, and the other half heaven, and the animals that were inside her disappeared. Thus, he says, is nature allegorically described. Everything was moisture and living creatures were born in it, and this god cut off his own head, and the other gods mixed the blood that gushed from his head with the earth and created people. Therefore, they are rational and involved in divine thought. Bel, which means “Zeus” in translation, having divided the darkness in the middle, separated the earth and the sky from each other, and created the cosmos. Animals, not bearing the power of light, perished. Bel, seeing that the earth was deserted and fertile, ordered one of the gods to cut off his head, and, having mixed the earth with the gushed blood, created people and animals capable of enduring air. Bel created the stars, and the sun, and the moon, and the five planets. Thus, according to Alexander Polyhistor, Berossus tells in the first book”]: Kuzishchin 2002, fr. 1: 299-300, 306 (English translation of an excerpt from Syncellus's Select Chronography in Verbrugghe, Wickersham 2001, F1: 45-46).“Berossus tells about this, according to Polyhistor, in the first book…”; 2) the same fragment of Berossus’s “Babylonian History”, transmitted in the “Selected Chronography” of Georgius Syncellus (8th-9th centuries AD) based on the “Chronicle” of Eusebius of Caesarea (probably on its Greek original, which is now lost): “There was, he says, a time when everything was darkness and water, and in them monstrous creatures were born, having an unusual appearance. For two-winged people appeared, and some with four wings and two faces, they had one body, but two heads, male and female, and double shame, male and female. And other people, some with goat’s legs and horns, some with horse’s legs, some with the back of a horse, and the front of a man, these had the appearance of hippocentaurs. There were born bulls with human heads, and dogs with four bodies, with fish tails sticking out behind, and dog-headed horses, and men, and other creatures having the heads and bodies of horses, and the tails of fish, and other creatures having the forms of various animals. Besides these, fish, and reptiles, and snakes, and many other wonderful creatures, alternately combining in their appearance the features of each other. Their images are exhibited in the temple of Bel. And over them all reigned a woman named "Omorka"; in Chaldean it is "Talatth", and in Greek it is translated as "sea", and numerically it is the moon. When everything was in this state, Bel, having climbed upon the woman, tore her in the middle, and made one half of her earth, and the other half heaven, and the animals that were inside her disappeared. Thus, he says, is nature allegorically described. Everything was moisture and living creatures were born in it, and this god cut off his own head, and the other gods mixed the blood that gushed from his head with the earth and created people. Therefore, they are rational and involved in divine thought. Bel, which means “Zeus” in translation, having divided the darkness in the middle, separated the earth and the sky from each other, and created the cosmos. Animals, not bearing the power of light, perished. Bel, seeing that the earth was deserted and fertile, ordered one of the gods to cut off his head, and, having mixed the earth with the gushed blood, created people and animals capable of enduring air. Bel created the stars, and the sun, and the moon, and the five planets. Thus, according to Alexander Polyhistor, Berossus tells in the first book”]: Kuzishchin 2002, fr. 1: 299-300, 306 (English translation of an excerpt from Syncellus's Select Chronography in Verbrugghe, Wickersham 2001, F1: 45-46).some with goat's legs and horns, some with horses' legs, some with the hindquarters of a horse and the forequarters of a man, these had the appearance of hippocentaurs. There were also born bulls with human heads, and dogs with four bodies, with fish tails sticking out behind, and dog-headed horses, and people, and other creatures having the heads and bodies of horses, and the tails of fish, and other creatures having the forms of various animals. Besides these, fish, and reptiles, and snakes, and many other wonderful creatures, alternately combining in their appearance the features of each other. Their images are exhibited in the temple of Bel. And over them all reigned a woman named "Omorka"; in Chaldean it is "Talattkh", and in Greek it is translated as "sea", and in numerical expression it is the moon. When everything was in this state, Belus, climbing on the woman, tore her in half, and made one half of her earth, and the other half heaven, and the animals that were inside her disappeared. Thus, he says, nature is told allegorically. Everything was moisture and living beings were born in it, and this god cut off his own head, and the other gods mixed the blood that gushed from the head with the earth and created people. Therefore, they are rational and partakers of divine thought. Belus, which in translation means "Zeus", having divided the darkness in the middle, separated the earth and the sky from each other, and created the cosmos. The animals, who could not bear the power of light, perished. Belus, seeing that the earth was deserted and fertile, ordered one of the gods to cut off his head, and, mixing the earth with the gushed blood, he created people and animals capable of enduring air. Belus created the stars, and the sun, and the moon, and the five planets. Thus, according to Alexander Polyhistor, Berossus tells in the first book”: Kuzishchin 2002, fr. 1: 299-300, 306 (English translation of an excerpt from Syncellus’s “Selected Chronography” in Verbrugghe, Wickersham 2001, F1: 45-46).some with goat's legs and horns, some with horses' legs, some with the hindquarters of a horse and the forequarters of a man, these had the appearance of hippocentaurs. There were also born bulls with human heads, and dogs with four bodies, with fish tails sticking out behind, and dog-headed horses, and people, and other creatures having the heads and bodies of horses, and the tails of fish, and other creatures having the forms of various animals. Besides these, fish, and reptiles, and snakes, and many other wonderful creatures, alternately combining in their appearance the features of each other. Their images are exhibited in the temple of Bel. And over them all reigned a woman named "Omorka"; in Chaldean it is "Talattkh", and in Greek it is translated as "sea", and in numerical expression it is the moon. When everything was in this state, Belus, climbing on the woman, tore her in half, and made one half of her earth, and the other half heaven, and the animals that were inside her disappeared. Thus, he says, nature is told allegorically. Everything was moisture and living beings were born in it, and this god cut off his own head, and the other gods mixed the blood that gushed from the head with the earth and created people. Therefore, they are rational and partakers of divine thought. Belus, which in translation means "Zeus", having divided the darkness in the middle, separated the earth and the sky from each other, and created the cosmos. The animals, who could not bear the power of light, perished. Belus, seeing that the earth was deserted and fertile, ordered one of the gods to cut off his head, and, mixing the earth with the gushed blood, he created people and animals capable of enduring air. Belus created the stars, and the sun, and the moon, and the five planets. Thus, according to Alexander Polyhistor, Berossus tells in the first book”: Kuzishchin 2002, fr. 1: 299-300, 306 (English translation of an excerpt from Syncellus’s “Selected Chronography” in Verbrugghe, Wickersham 2001, F1: 45-46).Therefore they are rational and partakers of divine thought. Bel, which in translation means "Zeus", having divided the darkness in the middle, separated the earth and the sky from each other, and created the cosmos. The animals, not bearing the power of light, perished. Bel, seeing that the earth was deserted and fertile, ordered one of the gods to cut off his head, and, having mixed the earth with the gushing blood, created people and animals capable of enduring air. Bel created the stars, and the sun, and the moon, and the five planets. Thus, according to Alexander Polyhistor, Berossus relates in the first book"]: Kuzishchin 2002, fr. 1: 299-300, 306 (English translation of an excerpt from Syncellus's "Selected Chronography" in Verbrugghe, Wickersham 2001, F1: 45-46).Therefore they are rational and partakers of divine thought. Bel, which in translation means "Zeus", having divided the darkness in the middle, separated the earth and the sky from each other, and created the cosmos. The animals, not bearing the power of light, perished. Bel, seeing that the earth was deserted and fertile, ordered one of the gods to cut off his head, and, having mixed the earth with the gushing blood, created people and animals capable of enduring air. Bel created the stars, and the sun, and the moon, and the five planets. Thus, according to Alexander Polyhistor, Berossus relates in the first book"]: Kuzishchin 2002, fr. 1: 299-300, 306 (English translation of an excerpt from Syncellus's "Selected Chronography" in Verbrugghe, Wickersham 2001, F1: 45-46).

Micronesia – Polynesia. Chamorro : Flood 2001 [zap. Adelbert von Chamisso; there were only Puntan and his sister Fu'uña; dying, P. orders the world to be created from him; his eyes became the sun and the moon, his chest the sky, his heartbeat the alternation of time of day and year, his back the earth, on which grew breadfruit, taro, and coconuts; his eyebrows the rainbow; F. swam, came to the islands, became a rock, the rock crumbled into particles, from which all people arose]: 2-4; Frazer 1939 [after P. Murillo Velarde and Luis de Torres; Poontan lived in space, died, ordering his sisters to turn his chest and shoulders into sky and earth, his eyes into the sun and moon, his eyebrows into a rainbow]: 140; Gilbert Islands : Grimble 1922 [the sky lay on the earth; Na Arean (Spider, though anthropomorphic; Na – "Lord") felt with his staff the echoing place, told Sand to unite with water, they gave birth to Na Atibu and Nei ("Lady") Teakea; their children Elder, Woman in the Middle, Wave, Octopus, Eel Ricky; the last born was the youngest Na Arean Junior, a trickster; after this Na Arean senior departed; NA junior gave reason and movement to the Deaf and Dumb Fools (these are the children of Sand and Water); they raised the sky a little, cut the connection between it and the earth, Ricky raised the sky high, the earth sank; N. cut off R.'s legs (falling into the sea, they became eels), and R. himself is the Milky Way; to prevent the sky from falling, NA placed four women at the four cardinal points to hold it up, and they grew roots like trees; N. killed his father Na Atibu, turned his right eye into the sun, his left into the moon, his brain into stars, pieces of flesh into rocks and stones, bones into trees, including the Samoa Tree (Tamoa in the Gilbert language), an ancestor]: 91-96; Maude, Maude 1994, no. 6 [the sky lay on the earth; the spider Nareau felt the echoing place with his staff, made a hole, connected the Earth with Water, the Earth gave birth to children, including the eel Riki; the last to be born was the youngest Nareu; he gave reason and movement to the Deaf and Dumb Fools; they raised the sky, Riki raised it high; N. cut off R.'s legs (now the eel is legless), and R. himself is the Milky Way; N. killed his father Na Atibu, changed his right eye into the sun, his left into the moon, his brain into stars, his spine into the Tamoa tree, his body into stones, his right side into the Northern Solstice, his left into the Southern Solstice (=Poignant 1967: 72, here the explanation that Nareau is a spider)]: 34-37; (cf. Tuvalu Islands [the sun and moon are the eyes of Laukiti]: Turner 1861: 292 in Williamson 1933(1): 117; Mangaia[Avaiki is like a coconut with a root, with tiers inside it; the earthly world is outside it, on its upper surface; at the base of the root is Te-aka-ia-Roe ("the root of existence"; roe is a thread-worm); above it is the demon Breath of Life, on it is the Long-Living One; these three make up the root; in the lowest and narrowest part inside Avaika itself, the female demon Varima-te-takere ("the very beginning") sits huddled up; from a piece of her right side she created the first man Avatea (Vatea) - Noon, half-man-half-fish (vertically; more precisely, half-man-half-dolphin); his eyes are the sun and the moon; he rose to the very top of Avaiki, just before the exit from A. to the outside; his eyes come out of the hole every day and return there; from another piece of the right side, the great mother created the second son Tinirau (Countless); he is also half-fish (like a sprat); lives in the tier below Awatea, lord of the fish; from the left side of the foremother Tango (Support), then daughter Tumuteanaoa (Echo), then son Raka (Trouble, presides over the winds); sixth, again from the right side, beloved daughter Tu-metua (Stick-by-the Parent); they occupied the tiers from top to bottom, Tu-metua below all with their mother; Watea took Papa ('foundation') as his wife, their first sons Tangaroa and Rongo (the first purely anthropomorphic beings); Rangi and two other grandsons of Rongo pulled Mangaia out of the nether world, ancestors of its inhabitants]: Gill 1876: 1-11 (retold in Williamson 1933(1): 11-14), 44 [The Sun is the right, the Moon the left eye of Watea]).

Tibet - Northeast India. Tibetans : Ogneva 1982c (Bon mythology) [from the head of the goddess Lumo arises the sky, from the right eye the moon, from the left the sun, from the upper teeth the planets; when she closes her eyes it is night, when she opens it is day; from her voice comes thunder, from her tears the rain, from her nostrils the wind, from her veins the rivers, from her body the earth]: 74; Tucci 1949: 712 in Allen 2011 [from nothingness arose the queen of snakes; from the top of her head arose the sky, from her eyes the sun and the moon, from her voice thunder, from her bones the mountains, etc.]: 61; Apatani : Elwin 1958a, no. 1 [at first the Earth (Kujum-Chantu) was like a human being with a head, limbs and a huge fat belly; she decided that if she stood up, everyone would fall off her and die, so she died voluntarily; her head became snowy peaks, the bones of her back became hills, her chest became the valley of Apa Tani, her neck became the northern country of the Tigin people, her buttocks became the plain of Assam; since there is much fat in the buttocks, the soil of Assam is fertile; her eyes became the sun and the moon; from her breath was born Kujum-Popi, who sent the sun and the moon to heaven], 1 [the first born was Kenku, he is Wiyu (god, ancestor) in the form of a ball of earth; she said that she was Chantu, gave birth to Apo Tani, told him that he should beget people, and she would die; he asked where people would then live; she replied that her thighs would become the earth, her eyes the sun and the moon, her blood water]: 8, 37; kachinas [Janun died, his breath turned into wind, hair and beard - silk, eyes, nose, teeth - precious stones, brain - silver mines in China and in Kalas, skull - Shan and Chinese drums, ears - mushrooms, chest - bananas and other fruits, heart and entrails - rubies, skin and stomach - thickets where Chinese and Kalas live, hands - their guns and cannons, spine - a huge cannon of Kalas; etc.]: Gilhodes 1908: 886-887; bori [at first only water, in it, not knowing about each other, live a buffalo (younger) and an elephant (older); they meet, quarrel, kill each other; from the flesh of the buffalo the earth was formed, from the bones trees, from the wool grass; from the bones of the elephant rocks were formed, from its flesh mountains; after this Sedi-Melo was born, determined where the mountains, rivers, plains would be]: Elwin 1958a, no. 2: 8-9; minyong [in the beginning the water, the earth below it; Kayum-Sedi-Nane-Wiyu ordered Kayum-Polung-Sabbo-Wiyu, who had the form of a huge buffalo (mithun), to dig a channel for the waters with his horns; the earth appeared; on the surface of the waters lived Wiyu Sedi-Irping-Puing-Idum-Botte; when the earth dried up, he died, his bones became trees, his wool – grass; when cutting down a forest, sacrifices must be made to him, otherwise other Wiyus will shake the earth]: Elwin 1958b, no. 8: 96-97.

Burma - Indochina. Ede [the head of the supreme deity Aedie symbolizes the heavenly dome, the frowning forehead - clouds, breath - air, genitals - fertility, the right eye - the sun, the left - the moon, hands - two pillars on which the sky rests; his wife Heba (mother earth) gave birth to the sun-woman and a son in marriage with him, who died from the bite of a centipede; since then A. settled in a large house on the upper tier of heaven]: Nikulin 1980: 49.

South Asia. Ancient India : Rigveda X, 90 [Purusha is sacrificed by the gods by being dismembered into its component parts; the mouth is transformed into Brahmins, the arms - Kshatriyas, the thighs - Vaishyas, the legs - Shudras, the spirit - the moon, the eye - the sun, the mouth - Indra and Agni, the breath - the wind, the navel - the air, the head - the sky, the legs - the earth, the ear - the cardinal directions]: Elizarenkova 1972: 259-261, 403, Toporov 1982a: 351; Shrestha 1996 ["Svasthani", in the Sanskrit copy of 1573) [the story is constructed in the form of a dialogue between Shiva and Parvati); from the earwax of the sleeping Vishnu the giants Madhu and Kaitabha appeared; they climbed up from the water along the stem of a lotus; they began to swing a flower in order to throw the sleeping Brahma into the water; he asked the goddess Yogamaya to wake up Vishnu; V. fought with the giants for a long time, made them promise to fulfill his request; it consisted of permission to kill them; they set a condition to kill them where there is no water; he killed them on his knees; their fat spread out on the water, hardened; the flesh became mountains, the bones stones; B. created the earth, the six heavens, the seven underground tiers]: 12-13; cf. Hegewald 2000 (Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, etc.) [among the temple Jain sculptures there is an anthropomorphic figure whose belt corresponds to the middle world, below the belt are the lower, hellish tiers, and above are the heavenly tiers]: ?; bhuya : Elwin 1949, #2 [Baski Mata was born on a floating lotus leaf; ordered the world to be created from the blood and bones of Boram Burha's son Parihar; the gods sent a tiger to kill him; the blood splashed on the water became the earth, the bones became seven rocks, the hair became seven trees; the gods walked on the still wet earth, forming mountains; Baski Mata dived, stood on her head, and began to support the earth with her feet; when she moves, earthquakes occur], 3 [there were 14 parts water and 7 parts clay, all mixed; from the water came Dharam Deota; collecting mud from the right side of his body, he made a female doll, from the left side - a male; he revived it, this is Boram and his wife; at first they were brother and sister, but DD changed their features by sending smallpox, they met and did not recognize each other; they have a son Parihar; the gods created a tiger and sent him to catch P.; the tiger poured ashes on the sleeping P. and ran away in terror; P. found the sleeping tiger, also poured ashes and ran away; the gods ordered the tiger to attack when P. went swimming and left his weapon on the shore; the tiger killed P.; his blood spilled on the ground, the ground became hard and reddish; his legs turned into large trees, his arms into small trees, his hair into grass, his bones into rocks and stones, his head became the sun, his chest the moon; the imprint of a tiger's paw is visible on the moon; B. began to mourn the loss of his son, but DD gave him many other children (named)]: 28-29, 29-30; Oraons[first the ocean, in the water a lotus, on it lived Mahapurub; from his womb were born a boy and a girl; they played, disturbed M., he killed them; their flesh became earth, their bones stones, their blood waters, their hair grass; thus the world was created; from M.'s womb again were born a boy and a girl; they closed their eyes because they thought it was sinful to look at each other; M. hit them, they opened their eyes but refused to marry; M. sent them in different directions; after 12 years they met again, did not recognize each other, got married, M. gave them the whole world]: Elwin 1949, no. 23: 42; Gonds [Nansur Dano stood on the Earth; she said he was too heavy, let him marry her; From the shadow of Dano's head were born Brahmin, from the eyes - Sonar, from the nose - Chamar (Nakua), from the ribs - stake, from the foot - gondy, from urine - panka; Dano turned the Earth's breasts into the sun and the moon, the clitoris into lightning; he tore out his pubic hair, it became grass; he tore out his testicles - rocks, his penis - trees; thus the bodies of Dano and Mother Earth gave birth to the world and everything in it]: Elwin 1949, No. 17: 39; Bondo : Elwin 1950 (also in Juang , Maria ) [Mahaprabhu spat, a water turtle swallowed his saliva, conceived; her womb swelled, but there was no opening to give birth; M. cut her open from behind, a girl was born; she grew up, asked the turtle about her father, the turtle sent her to M.; she desired to lie with him, he killed her; blood flowed, formed the earth; the left eye became the moon, the right the sun; the bones became hills, the hair turned into trees and grass; from her womb M. took out a boy and a girl; they gave birth to people]: 137-138; 1954, No. 2 [Bati Mundli and Bati Sisa found a small boy; BS's wife took him to bathe; his penis was gigantic in size, he wrapped it around his waist; when BS's wife saw this penis, she proposed copulation and died as a result; BM and BS saw blood in her vagina, killed the boy; his arms and legs turned into trees, his hair into grass, his bones into rocks, the blood stained the earth, a coconut palm grew from his head]: 3-4; Muria (Raja Muria): Elwin 1949, No. 30 [Kaitab, pregnant with earth, sat on the waters; Mahapurub created man, ordered him to kill her; her flesh became earth, her bones rocks; at first the earth shook; M. pulled out 9 hairs from his leg, drove them like nails into the 9 corners of the world], 31 [among the waters in a gourd there were a brother and sister; the gourd hit a tree Terminalia tormentosa; Mahapurub was disturbed, killed the brother and sister, from their bodies the earth arose; kicked the halves of the gourd, in one a boy appeared again, in the other a girl; from them people were born]: 47, 48; (cf. sora (Hill Saora) [after the creation of the world the white Akangpang mushroom grew, from it Gadejangboi was born; her long hair got into her mouth, she cut it, from it trees and grasses arose; her lice turned into all kinds of animals and birds, she gave them names]: Elwin 1954, no. 9: 341-342); kondy(Kuttia): Elwin 1954, no. 9 [water everywhere; Chanchenga and Pachenga surfaced, found a rock; asked Nirantalui and Kapantali for land; N. took a handful of her hair, it was thrown in four directions, dry land appeared; when a cow, a buffalo and a pig were sacrificed, the earth dried up; the bones of these animals became rocks, the wool - grass], 12 [when Nirantali and half the people came out of a hole in the ground, a man-eating ox appeared from there; N. smashed his head with a stick, he fell back into the hole, jamming the door; N. cut off his head, turned him into an anthill; his eyes turned into stars, his tongue - the sun, his legs - four mountains, his tail - a liana, his ears - banana plants, his intestines - river snakes, his blood - the Kambell River, his liver - a rice field; the people who remained underground were never able to get out]: 7, 432; kondy [the four sides of the flood; on a hill there is a demon who must be killed; the goddess can do this; she demanded a ram (rooster) with 16 horns; Mahadeo promised it to her; the goddess allowed herself to be swallowed, but the demon vomited her out of his ass; the next time she put a pillar across his anus and did not come out; she tore his body apart from the inside; the world was in darkness; at the request of the gods, the goddess Thakurani Gungadi illuminated it; the gods divided the demon's body into 4 parts and buried it; the head became a veil on the head of Vasuki Nag - the serpent supporting the earth; when he changes the veil, the earth trembles; the demon's hands and feet became mountains, his hair - curly plants, blood filled the rivers; God created the Milky Sea and the calf; he drank the milk of the sea; people are created in Manudor, and the gods in Kanudor; rice and all fruits were huge; when the gods created the earth, they became small]: Kumar Mishra 2007: 89.

( Cf. Malaysia - Indonesia. Bali : Hooyakas 1974: 33 [Bhattāri Iśvara made man's skin, Bh. Brahma - blood, Bh. Visnu - bones, Bh. Maha-déva - muscles, Bh. Two Siva - flesh and head], 99 [Kursika made man's skin, Garga - flesh, Metri - tendons, Kurusya - bone marrow]; murut [the sky was low, lying on the tops of the trees; the giant Lahangau ("tall") could not straighten up; his son drowned, he rushed to look for him through the gorges, tired of walking bent over, straightened up, raising the sky to its current height; people complained that now they would not be able to talk to the dead who had gone to heaven; L. admitted his guilt, asked to kill him; the weapon would not hurt him; he ordered an axe to be made from bone and shoulder blade porcupine, they cut it down with it; its legs were left in Membakut, they are good walkers there; a stick - in Sook (they make holes in the field with a digging stick there); a chain for a dog - in Permantoman, they hunt well with dogs there; a stomach - in Tenom, in this valley there is now much rice and sago; a chest in Peluans, they are brave; a head with long hair in the Tagul hills, the people there wear long hair]: Wooley 1928, No. 21: 378-380).

Taiwan – Philippines. Bicol : Eugenio 1994, no. 21a [the grandchildren of the sky deity have bodies of stone, gold, copper; the stone grandson tries to take over the sky with his brothers; he is killed by lightning, falls into the sea, the earth is formed from his body; the gold brother’s body is the Sun, the copper brother’s is the Moon, the sister turns into stars], 21b [in the sky, Bulan attacked his older brother Adlao; he parried the blows, knocked out B.’s eye, flattened and cut off his hand; the hand fell, formed the earth, B.’s tears – water; two hairs grew, a man and a woman, from them people were born; B. – Moon, A. – Sun (see motif A11A)]: 65-66, 67; Manobo [Kezenan created Andaw (Sun) – a man with a hot body and Bulan (Moon) – a woman with a cool body; B. gave birth to a child, left it in the cradle, it began to cry, trying to crawl out; A. wanted to catch it, but burned it to death; the spouses quarreled, separated, cutting the child into pieces and scattering them; one part turned into earth, the others into heavenly bodies]: Eugenio 1994, no. 67b: 132; (cf. tboli [in the seventh heaven the divine couple have seven sons and seven daughters; they marry; S'fedat and Bong Libun are childless; S. asks his wife to kill him, his body turns into earth with vegetation; another brother, Dwata, has many children; BL gives him earth in exchange for a promise to give her one of his sons as a husband]: Eugenio 1994, no. 39: 95).

China – Korea. Ancient China : Blumchen 2010 [“San-wu li-ji” (Records of the Three-Fivefold Cycles); lost, but quotes survive; man emerged as a result of the death of the giant Pan Gu, who divided Heaven and Earth, from the parasites that were on his skin after they were fertilized by the wind]: 107–108; Kravtsova 2004 [the story of the division of the world egg is first presented in a 3rd century CE text that has survived in excerpts contained in later encyclopedic works; the story of Pan Gu’s death and the transformation of his remains is found in even later sources; the influence of the beliefs of South Asian peoples and Indo-European cosmogonic narratives in Indo-Buddhist works is possible]: 322–323; Yuan Ke 1987, ch. II [(Encyclopedia "Imperial Review of the Tai Ping Years", "Interpretation of History" by Ma Su, Ren Fang "Description of the Amazing"); the universe resembled an egg; Pangu was born in it; he woke up, split the egg with an axe; the light and clean rose up, became the sky, the heavy and dirty - down, became the earth; P. rested his head on the sky, grew, raising the sky higher and higher; when P. died, his sigh became the wind and clouds, his voice - thunder, his left eye - the sun, his right - the moon, his body with legs and arms - the four cardinal points and five famous mountains, blood - rivers, veins - roads, flesh - soil, hair on the head and mustache - stars, skin and hair on the body - herbs, flowers, trees, teeth, bones, bone marrow - metals, precious stones, sweat - dew and rain; [var.: tears are rivers, a sigh is the wind, a voice is thunder, the gleam of the eyes is lightning; when he is happy, the weather is fine, when he is angry - heavy clouds]: 34-35; Chinese (Shaanxi) [In ancient times, the cosmos was a clot of energy that rotated in the void, until one day life was born in it. It was a giant who grew quickly, tore the clot into two parts and propped one up with his head, and stepped on the other with his feet, and while he was growing quickly, these pieces also grew, became thicker, and the distance between them increased. The upper piece turned into the sky, and the lower one - into the earth. Since the giant was the most ancient man, he was called Pangu (Curled Ancient). So he lived, with the sky above his head and the earth under his feet, his breath became the wind, his voice - thunder, when he blinked, lightning flashed, and when he cried, his tears formed rivers. After several centuries, he grew old. In order to have offspring, he took two of his ribs, blew on them, and they turned into a man and a woman, gave birth to children and grandchildren, and thus mankind came into being. After Pangu died, his head turned into a mountain, his eyes into the sun and moon, and the hair on his body into trees]: Zhou Yang et al. 1996, no. 2a: 5; Chinese(Gansu, Wu Jingning) [Long ago, heaven and earth were in a single chicken egg, and everything was pitch black. A giant named Pangu appeared, sleeping in the egg for several hundred years. One day, he yawned and stretched, and there was a crash, and the egg cracked. He crawled out of the dark egg and stood up straight, and he was ninety thousand li tall. He saw that there was nothing around, angrily stamped his foot, and the shell fragments fell down. He pushed off from them and rose into the void. The egg fragments turned into the earth, and the place where he stood turned into the sky. After heaven and earth separated from each other, the earth was white as white. Seeing this, Pangu became upset and cried. His tears became rain, and his sobs became thunder. And to this day, whenever there is thunder, raindrops fall from the sky. The air he exhaled turned into wind and clouds. Finally, he died from crying, and one of his eyes turned into the sun and the other into the moon. His body fell on the broken eggshells and turned into mountains, his blood vessels into rivers, his muscles into roads, the hair on his head into trees, and his bones and teeth into silver lying underground]: Zhou Yang et al. 2001, no. 2: 3-4; Chinese (Sichuan): Zhou Yang et al. 1998b, no. 1 (Fengze Wu) [there was no heaven and earth in the world, only chaos, fog, and darkness; King Pangu took his magic mountain-cleaving axe and separated the sky from the earth; he cut the chaos and dark fog into two halves; the heavy half sank down, and the light half rose up; after 18,000 years, the light half became the sky, and the heavy half became the earth; the sky rose, the earth became thicker, King Pangu grew old; when he died, he sighed, and his sigh turned into the wind and clouds, he cried out, and his voice turned into thunder, he shed a few tears, and they turned into rain; after his death, his left eye turned into the sun, and his right eye into the moon, his limbs into mountain ranges, his blood into rivers, his muscles into fields, the hair on his head into constellations, the hair on his body into grass and trees, from his corpse all things in the world arose], 1a (Wu Baxian) [At first there was no sky and earth, King Pangu created them; he had the head of a dragon and the body of a snake; he grew very quickly, a zhang a day; grew for 18 thousand years, grew huge, and then began to create the sky and the earth; first he created the earth, and it was flat; then he hastily created the sky, which looked like a cauldron lid: curved upward in the center, and low at the edges, it covered the earth; while creating the sky, P. forgot to compare the sizes, the sky came out small and did not cover the entire earth; P. compressed the earth, and it was suitable in size, but folds formed on it; since then there are mountains and gorges, but there are also plains; King Pangu stood on the ground, spreading his legs wide, opened one eye and closed the other; his eyes are the sun and the moon; he sighed, and his sigh turned into wind and clouds, cried out, and his voice turned into thunder; brushed away sweat, and it turned into rain, the rain poured into the gorges on the earth, and so rivers were formed; P. threw some hair from his head and body to the ground, they turned into trees and grass, threw the parasites living on his body, and they turned into people and wild animals], 1b (w. Chongqing) [during the time of chaos, the world was a sphere filled with qi ; although there were ten suns around it, it was dark inside, the sky and earth were not separated, the sun and moon did not shine; after many tens of thousands of years, an embryo suddenly appeared in the sphere; it grew, turned into a giant with the body of a man and the head of a lion; several more tens of thousands of years passed, and his body grew stronger; it was hot in the sphere, and then the giant began to punch in all directions; the sphere burst, the light part rose up and became the sky, and the heavy part sank down and became the earth; after the sky and the earth separated, it became light; the giant began to jump and rejoice, but soon felt that it had become hotter on the earth than in the sphere; ten suns were so hot that he soon fell to the ground with a cry and died; from his blood the ocean was formed, from his bones - mountains, from his skin and flesh - soil, from the hair on his body - grass, from the hair on his head - trees; his whole body turned into a world with green mountains and blue rivers; many tens of thousands of years passed, and Fuxi and his sister created people; then people, in order to honor the memory of the giant who separated heaven from earth, called him "King Pangu"; this meant that the world was like a plate ( pan ), and everything on it appeared from chaos after the appearance of the giant]: 21, 21-22, 22-23; Chinese(Sichuan, Deyang City) [After Pangu separated the sky from the earth, Mother Nuwa created people, and thus life appeared on earth. But soon the god of water, Gonggong, began to fight the god of fire, Zhurong, lost, hit his head on the northwestern heavenly pillar – Mount Buzhou, the earth tilted, the sky tilted, and a flood began. N. saw how people were suffering and patched up the sky with five-colored stones. From the effort, her face turned yellow, her body became emaciated, and she lost her former majestic appearance. People were constantly hoping for her help, constantly looking at the sky, so that their eyes hurt. Then they began to shout: Mother! Mother! Where are you? Save us! N. finished patching up the sky, heard their cries and came down to them. She saw that the people's eyes were red and swollen, they would not open and could not see anything, and even when she stood next to them, they continued to call her. She wept bitterly and said: Children, I have come! But they did not recognize her, and then she said that she was their mother, but they did not believe her. N. sobbed bitterly, covering her face with her hands, and passed them over the eyes of one of the people, his illness immediately passed, he regained his sight, looked at her tired face and into her kind eyes and finally recognized her. Thus the people's eyes were healed thanks to N.'s tears, but she herself fell from overfatigue, her limbs turned into mountain ranges, rivers and lakes, and her body into the sky, earth and stars. As for the waters continuously flowing in the rivers, these are N.'s tears]: Zhou Yang et al. 1998b, no. 33: 56-57; Chinese(Henan, Jiyuan City) [To the east of Mount Wanwu there is another mountain, on the slope of which is the Pangu Monastery. There Pangu was born. Pangu had neither father nor mother, he was born inside a huge chicken egg, and after he was formed, he slept there for eighteen thousand years. When he woke up, he felt that his body was tied up. He straightened his arms and legs, and the egg crumbled. From Pangu's movements, chaos began to fluctuate, the light rose up, turned into the sky, the heavy sank, became the earth, and between the sky and the earth there was a small crack. Pangu saw that the sky was too close, he rested his hands on the sky, began to push it up, every day he grew by one zhang, and the sky also became one zhang higher. So another 18 thousand years passed. Pangu grew by 90 thousand li, and the sky rose by ninety thousand li. Hence the saying about the "nine-layered sky". From fatigue, P. began to sweat, exhausted himself and died. Before his death, he thought that heaven and earth were not enough, there should be sun and moon, mountains and rivers, people and animals. But he had already fallen from fatigue and was unable to create them. Before his death, he said that he was leaving his body to the world. When he died, one of his eyes turned into the sun, the other into the moon, his breath into the wind and clouds, his voice into thunder, his arms and legs into mountains, his bones into ores, his blood into rivers, his hair into flowers, grasses and trees, his soul into people, livestock, birds, animals, insects and fish. The shell of the egg from which P. emerged ended up under a mountain and turned into a shining, smooth, folded stone. Ink pots made from it do not let water through. To honor P., a monastery was built on this site. Variant (Tongbo): When heaven and earth were not yet separated, there was P., dressed and shod in clouds. One day a ball blocked his path, he split it with an axe. The air came out of the ball and it began to descend. P. stood on it, fell asleep, and when he woke up several tens of thousands of years later he discovered that his cloud clothes and shoes had disappeared, the ball had turned into earth, and the sky had appeared above the earth. P. became the first man]: Zhou Yang et al. 2001b, no. 1: 3–4; Chinese (Shandong, Liangshan County) [the sky and earth were not separated, there were no people; Pangu slept between the sky and the earth; in his sleep he grew rapidly, reaching ninety thousand li in length and width; he woke up, opened his eyes and saw darkness; he groped his way and came across an egg, broke it with one blow, the world was transformed; the sky and the earth separated; the white turned into a clear sky and white clouds, and the yolk into earth; P. laughed, and his pores turned into stars, the hairs on his body into forests and grasses, his eyes into the sun and moon, his eye sockets into oceans, his arms, legs, and head into five mountain peaks, his bones into mountain ranges, and his sweat into rivers; when P. was angry, he would breathe intermittently, and his breath would turn into wind and rain; sometimes he would stretch out his legs and clap his hands; this is the cause of thunder and lightning, as well as earthquakes]: Zhou Yang et al. 2007, no. 1: 3; miao(Hainan, Lingshui County) [the sky and earth were not separated and were in chaos, like an egg surrounded by clouds; one day there was a sound of the shell cracking, a giant jumped out of the egg; the clouds on which his head rested rose up and became the sky, and the clouds under his feet thickened below and turned into the earth; this giant Pan Huang (August Pan {gu}) grew by one zhang every day , and the sky rose up by one zhang , and the earth thickened by one zhang ; when the sky and earth were formed, the world was still dark; Pan Huang tore out his left eye, threw it into the sky, and it turned into the sun; tore out his right eye, threw it into the sky, and it turned into the moon; pulled out his teeth and made constellations from them; separated day and night; pulled out his hair that covered the sky and the earth, scattered it in all directions, and it turned into forests; one of his fists turned into a mountain, the other into a mountain range; his bones turned into stones, his flesh into soil, his blood into rivers, and only his heart remained; it rose above the sky and turned into a spirit that controls the sky and the earth; later, the spirit of Pan Huang married a Heavenly Immortal; they had five immortal maidens, who were married to people from the Deng, Jiang, Li, Zhao, and Huang clans; thus, the five clans of the Miao people appeared; Pan Huang lived for 560 years and after his death was buried in the Southern Mountains (Nanshan); the Miao people consider Pan Huang their ancestor; they offer sacrifices to him on New Year's Day and other holidays]: Zhou Yang 2002, no. 1: 3; li(Hainan, Ledong County) [the sky and the earth were only a few zhang apart; there were 7 suns and 7 moons in the sky, the earth was scorched; during the day, living creatures hid in caves, but did not dare to go out at night either, leaving the caves only at dawn and dusk, when the suns and moons replaced each other; a powerful spirit decided that people could not live like this, and in one night raised the sky ten thousand zhang; but there were still 7 suns and 7 moons in the sky; then the powerful spirit made a bow and many arrows; during the day he began to shoot at the suns and shot down 6 of them; people began to shout for him to leave the last one; he fulfilled their request; at night the spirit began to shoot at the moons, shot down 6; when he shot at the seventh, he missed and broke off a piece from it; people began to shout again, the spirit left the last moon, as they asked; Since then, the moon has been either full or waning; the mighty spirit decided that people could not live without mountains, rivers and forests; he took a rainbow from the sky and made a yoke out of it, took roads from the earth and made ropes out of them, began to use them to carry sand from the seashore and pile up mountains; small and large hills were formed from the sand that spilled out of the baskets; the spirit scattered tongs of his hair over the mountains, and so hair-like forests appeared; the animals and birds living in the mountains began to shake their heads in gratitude for the spirit having created habitats for them; the spirit began to draw lines between the mountains with his toes, creating valleys; the sweat pouring off him filled them and they turned into rivers, the largest of which is the Changhuajiang, flowing from Mount Wuzhishan into the southern sea; having finished his work, the spirit was exhausted and fell to the ground; before his death, he was afraid that the sky would approach the earth again, opened his palm, raised it and began to hold the sky; [This is Wuzhishan Mountain (Five Finger Mountain)]: Zhou Yang 2002, no. 10: 14-15; yi [Before the creation of the world, the Heavenly God sent his five sons to create the firmament, and then to test it using thunder and lightning. From such actions, the sky suddenly split. The Heavenly God decided that the strongest creature in the world was the tiger, so he ordered each of his sons to sew clothes from the skin of a tiger, and then to make a supporting pillar for the firmament from one of the large bones of the predator, so that it would again become whole and stable. From the tiger's head they made the top of the sky, from its tail the tail of the earth, from its nose the nose of the sky, from its ear the ears of the heavens, from its left eye the sun, from its right eye the moon, from its whiskers the sun's rays, from its teeth the stars, from the tiger's fat the clouds, from the tiger's breath the fog, from its heart the center of the universe, from its belly the sea, from its blood the sea water, from its large intestine the great rivers jiang, from its small intestine the small rivers he, from its muscles the roads, from its skin the surface of the land, from its thick fur the trees, from its soft fur the grass, and from its fine fur the grains. Thus from the body of the tiger all the phenomena of the world were created]: Meige 2009: 10-11.

Eastern Europe. Russian written tradition (The Dove Book, Oryol province) [the Dove Book falls out of a cloud; Prince Vladimir asks the wise Tsar David Evseich to read it; then V. asks questions, D. answers them without reading, from memory; the white light was "conceived" by the Holy Spirit, Christ himself; the sun - from his face, the moon - from his breasts, the night - from his hair, the morning dawn - from his vestments, the stars - from his eyes, the wind - from his breath, the rain - from tears; the Tsar over all Tsars is the White Tsar, the mother of all cities is Jerusalem, the mother of all churches is the church in Jerusalem, in it are the relics of Christ; the mother of all mountains is Mount Fangor, the mother of all rivers is the Jordan, the mother of all seas is the Kiyon-Sea, the mother of all fish is the whale, because the whole white light was founded on it, the mother damp earth; The bird Strafil holds the whole world under its right wing when it trembles, there is a storm at sea; the beast Vyndrik walks through the underground like the sun in the sky; the Cypress is the mother of all trees (Christ was crucified on it), the weeping grass is the mother of all herbs (arose from the tears of the Virgin Mary)]: Vlasova 1986, No. 5: 10-16.

Caucasus – Asia Minor. Kalmyks [the world arose from Manzashirin (the bodhisattva Manjushri); trees from his blood vessels, fire from the heat of his body, earth from flesh, shores (mountains?) from bones, water from blood, grass from hair, the sun and moon from eyes, seven stars (Ursa Major?) from teeth, other luminaries (Milky Way?) from spine]: Zhiteisky, p. 67 in Harva 1933: 76; Karachays : Karaketov 1995 [Baichy – the offspring of the dragon spirit; B.'s shadow entered the first man Aiji-Kishi; since he was fyrg'auun (Arabic: pharaoh) and his body was so big that no one else could fit in the world, the whole world and its objects began to grow on his body; If Teiri had not punished AK by turning him into the firmament, then it would be unlikely that people, animals and plants could exist in the world ( dunya – Arabic)]: 236; 2001 [ Teiry creates mountains from his bones, clouds from the smoke coming from his smoking pipe, stars from the sparks flying out of the pipe, rivers from his skin (sweat?), and cyclops from his bile; then the Narts were created]: 49; Lipkin 1973 [(Teiry’s direct speech, he tells what he created); breath is the sky, clouds are the smoke of the pipe, stars are the sparks from the pipe, the earth is his skin, mountains are cartilage, trees and grasses are hair]: 81-82.

Iran – Central Asia. Iranian written tradition (Bundahishn): Chunakova 1997 [a short (“Indian”) version of “The Creation of the Foundation” (Bundahishn) based on a Pazend manuscript acquired in 1906 by K. Saleman from the heirs of E. West and kept at the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (according to one of the colophons at the end of the manuscript, it was rewritten in 1873 in the city of Naosari in Gujarat); like other Pazend copies of the Bundahishn, this one goes back to the Pahlavi manuscript M51, which dates back to 1397; from chapter XIV: “He says in the Avesta about the properties of the five species of animals that when the one-created bull died, where the brain came out (from it), the seeds of fifty-five species (of grain) and twelve – of medicinal plants sprouted. As he says: “From the brain (comes) every single creation and every thing whose seat is in the brain.” From the horn (of the bull) (grew) lentils, from the nose – leeks, from the blood – (grape) vine(?), from which wine is made, and therefore wine (is drunk) to increase the blood. From the lungs (grew) mustard seed, from the crown – thyme for removing (the smell) from the mouth, and others, one after another, as is known from the Avesta. The seed of the bull was raised to the station of the moon, there it was purified and (from it) many kinds of animals were created. First, (were created) two (animals) – a bull and a cow, and then a pair of each kind was sent down to the earth <…> Then, as he says in the Avesta, from it were created three kinds of animals: first the goat and the sheep, then the camel and the pig, and then the horse and the mule. In fact, firstly, the pasture animals were created, which are now kept in the (meadow); secondly, the animals living in the mountains, roaming freely, and the birds, and they are untamed; thirdly, the animals that (live) in the water”]: 281; Justi 1868 [when the first-born bull died, 55 kinds of cereals and 15 kinds of medicinal herbs (Heilpflanzen) grew from it; from the horns – fruits, from the nose – onions, from the blood – grapes, for wine is like blood; from the lungs – rue, from the core of the liver – mint; from the semen of the bull – four-legged animals]: 16.

Baltoscandia. Scandinavians [at first there was only Niflheim ( dark world ). In the middle of Niflheim, rivers flow out of the Boiling Cauldron. In the south is Muspell, it is hot there, on its edge sits Surt ( black ), in his hands a flaming sword. At the end of the world, Surt will burn the gods and the whole world. The poison from the frozen rivers turned into frost, filled the world abyss in the north. From the combination of frost and the southern warm air, the first man Ymir arose. From his sweat, a man and a woman appeared under his left hand, and one leg conceived a son with the other. The offspring of Ymir are evil frost giants. From the melted frost, the cow Audumla arose, who nursed Ymir. She herself licked the salty stones and licked the man Buri ( parent ). He had a son Bor ( born ). He married Bestla (daughter of the giant Bölthorn), and they had Odin ( mad , also spirit , poetry ), Vili and Ve ( priest ). They killed Ymir, and the frost giants drowned in his blood. Bergelmir ( roaring like a bear ) was saved by boarding an ark with his wife and children, and new frost giants came from them. From Ymir's body the sons of Bor made the earth, from the blood the sea and waters; the earth - flesh, hair - forest, mountains - bones, boulders and stones - teeth and bone fragments, brain - clouds; the ocean borders the earth in a ring, on the outside it is round; from Ymir's skull they made the firmament; they strengthened it above the earth, bending its four corners upward, and under each they placed a dwarf (Eastern, Western, Northern, Southern). Sparks flying out of Muspelheim are the luminaries in the sky. The giants were given the lands along the ocean coast, and the world inland was fenced off with a wall made of Ymir's eyelids - this is Midgard]: Younger Edda 1970: 15-18 (=2005: 18); Lithuanians (Samogitians) [God created a huge creature: from a piece of sky - a head, from tree branches - hair, from a crack made in the sky - a mouth, from white sea stones - teeth, from a mountain - a body, from the earth - flesh, from stones - bones, from the stars - eyes; the moon saw this and imprinted this image on itself; this creature was androgynous, protected the earth from monsters, from it come giants; when the creature died and began to decompose, dwarfs crawled from it; from the marriage of a giantess and a dwarf, people were born; God settled an angel in the middle of the earth; he became angry with him, tore off his head, threw it away, it became the moon, a face is visible on it; the body was also thrown, but it fell back, a hill was formed, grass and trees grew on it; the bones became stones, the blood – the sea and lakes; God cut off the wings of one angel, cut them into pieces, threw them into the sky, they became stars, and God settled the wingless angel on earth – the first man; from part of his flesh God made him a wife, they have children]: Veckenstedt 1883, No. 47: 210-211.

Western Siberia. Eastern Khanty (born Vakh, 2008) [there lived a brother and sister-wagtails (a wagtail is the embodiment of Alva); the brother caught a pike, carried it on a sled, the sled broke, he sent his sister for others, they also broke, he sent for iron ones; at home he ordered to cook, to leave him the best parts; the sister ate everything, left the bones; the brother became a wagtail, flew to Savs-ika's house, fell into a cauldron of fat, fell asleep; SI found him, began to fry him, let him go in exchange for a promise to give up his sister; A. returned, the sister did not want to be with SI; they dug a hole in front of the entrance, heated up an ice pick, ordered SI to enter backwards, pierced him with an ice pick, burned him in the pit; the ashes from the head turned into lakes, from the hair - into forests, from the hands and feet - into rivers; the ashes became midges, gnats, SI: as people drank my blood, so mosquitoes, midges will drink their blood]: Soldatova 2008, No. 13: 121-122.

Eastern Siberia. Eveny : Robbek 1986 (Srednekolymsky District) [a girl is forced to marry an old devil because her decrepit grandmother accidentally uttered his name; her riding reindeer kills the devil, flies off with the girl to another country; becomes decrepit, asks to kill and butcher it; the skin hung in a willow grove turns into a house, the scattered entrails into wild reindeer and elk, the bones into mountains, the wool into birds and little birds]: 82-83; Robbek, Dutkin 1978 [a girl, expelled from the sky, descends to the surface of the sea on an eight-legged reindeer; on the reindeer's advice, she scattered tufts of wool on the water, they turned into logs, she made a raft; on the reindeer's request, she killed him, butchered him as he ordered; the skin turned into earth, the skull and bones into mountains, the wool into forests, the lice into wild deer; the crunch of breaking bones became thunder, the dying breath - the wind; the heart turned into a hero, the lungs into a boy and a girl]: 157.

( Cf. NE Asia. Itelmens [ Kutkhu created the earth from his son, called Symskalin , whom his wife Ilkhum gave birth to while walking with him on the sea; or K. and his sister Khutlyzhich brought the earth down from the sky and established it on the sea; (Orlova 1975: 129: symt – “earth”)]: Krasheninnikov 1994(1): 71).

Northeast. Seneca [in the sky the Great Chief uproots a tree, sends a pregnant woman down; the birds catch her, not letting her fall into the sea; the Muskrat brings clay from the bottom on his paw; the clay is placed on the Turtle, the earth grows; the woman gives birth to twins; the evil one comes out under her arm; she dies giving birth to the good one; the good one makes the sun from her face, the moon and stars from her chest, gives the Earth her body; makes mountains, straight rivers; goes across the sea to his father, who asks how high he can reach; the son reaches the sky; as much as he can lift - he lifts a mountain; the father recognizes him as a son, gives two bundles, in them are birds led by an eagle, animals led by a deer; the evil brother makes the rivers winding, creates storms, sea monsters, predators, reptiles; brothers fight, the good one imprisons the evil one in the underworld]: Converse 1908 in Turner 1978: 36-39.

Mesoamerica. Aztecs [ Quetzalcoatl and Tezcatlipoca came down from the sky to the goddess of the Earth; all the joints of her body had eyes and mouths, and bit; the two gods turned into two snakes, tore her in half, one took her by the left leg and right arm, the other by the right leg and left arm; from the half where the shoulders were they made the earth, from the other the sky; to repay the Earth for the violence done to her, the other gods said that fruits would grow from her; they made trees, flowers, and grass from her hair, fine grass and flowers from her skin, wells, springs, and small caves from her eyes, and mountains from her shoulders]: Histoyre du Mechique 1905, ch. 7 [after the destruction of the first world, the goddess Tlaltentl (Tlalteutli) was the earth itself, of whom some say that she is a woman, and others that she is a man; Tezcatlipuca entered her through the mouth, and Ehecatl through the navel, both penetrated her heart in the depths of the earth, raised the sky, in this they were helped by other gods; Ehecatl (according to Mendieta - Xolotl, note 6 on p. 26) descended into hell to Mitlantentli, brought out from there the ashes of the dead and a huge bone, but on the earth it broke, therefore the new people turned out to be small, and the people of the first world were giants; the gods sprinkled what was brought with blood from the tongue, created man and woman; According to another version (pp. 28-29), the goddess of the earth was Atlalteutli (= Ilamatecutli, "the old goddess", she had eyes and mouths in all her joints, she bit with them like a predatory creature; Quetzalcoatl (aka Ehecatl) and Tezcatlipoca, one took her by the right arm and left leg, the other by the left arm and right leg, tore her apart, made the earth out of one half, the sky out of the other; to console her, they said that her hair would become trees, grasses and flowers, her skin - short grass and small flowers, her mouths - rivers and large caves, her nose - valleys, her shoulders - mountains; this goddess cries at night and does not calm down until she is given people (to eat), and does not bear fruit unless she is watered with human blood]: 25-29; Krickeberg 1928: 4-6; Mendieta 1870: 81; Portal 1986 [translated into Spanish]: 41.

Central Andes. Carhuaz (Ancash dep.) [a widow died; left alone, a little brother and sister saw a sparrow with a potato flower in its beak, followed it; Achiqueé lived in the same village, decided to kill the children, to take possession of the potatoes herself, called them to her house; at night she tried to kill the boy; the girl grabbed him, ran; Gallinazo hid them under his wings, hit his pursuer in the face until she bled; the girl promised him excellent eyesight and an abundance of food; ditto the Puma and other animals (all rewarded); the last one, the Fox, refused to help (it will have a disgusting smell, easy for hunters to find); Jan Jerónimo lowered a rope from the sky, the brother and sister climbed up, they still live in the sky, there are a lot of potatoes there; CX lowers a rotten rope and a rat for A.; the rat gnaws through it; A. asks to fall into the pampa, but falls on a rock; she orders that her flesh become rocks, her blood dry up the vegetation; thus the Andes and the sands of the coast appeared]: Arguedas, Izquierdo Rios 1947: 130-134.

Bolivia – Guaporé. Tacana [the Echua rihi cannibal is killed, his body dismembered; the head rolls to the edge of the world, turns into the Morning Star; the body into the Andes, the legs into the bibosi tree , the arms into Wurgfaige , the intestines into vines, the penis and testicles into the sayal palm , the lungs and heart into wild papaya, the backside into peanuts (?), the kidneys into reeds, the spine with ribs into bamboo, the blood into the latex of the bibosi tree , the urine into a large lake in the mountains (Titicaca?), the nails into river shells, the fingers into a certain kind of grass, excrement into an oily film on the water, the hair under the arms and in the groin into tough grasses, the navel into black shells, the face into the hills]: Hissink, Hahn 1961, no. 24: 63.