I56A. Man is an evil spirit in the world of spirits.

.33.-.37.39.40.42.

When a person who ends up in another world touches the local inhabitants, they become ill or die.

Kazakhs, Altaians, Khakass, Tofalars, Tuvans, Baikal(?) Buryats, Darkhats(?), Nganasans, Kets, Northern Selkups, Western, Sym and Baikal Evenks, Evens, Dolgans, Central, Western and North-Eastern Yakuts, Uilta, Nivkhs, Forest Yukaghirs, Asian Eskimos, Tlingits.

Turkestan. Kazakhs [=Tursunov 1983: 234-239 {another translation from the same original or two very similar originals}; the khan makes the son of the deceased vizier new; the young man sees a duck with 99 colors, it asks not to shoot, becomes a beauty; the young man is absent from the palace for a long time, the khan sends servants, the wife turns into a golden chest; two former candidates for viziers offer to ruin the young man by giving difficult assignments: to get 1) a golden eagle with feathers of 99 colors, 2) a bear with fur of 99 colors; the wife releases both from the kerchief; the beggar offers to tell the young man to get 3) "Go there - come back here"; the wife sends him with her kerchief to the peri world, while she herself will be an oven in the house; in the peri city the young man does not see the inhabitants, and they him; he approached the boy, he immediately falls dead; Mullah Peri explains that a man has hurt the boy; the youth is brought to the Peri king; the youth's wife's sister recognizes her headscarf; the youth is sent to another city, where the wife's second sister lives; only a blind frog knows how to fulfill the order, orders a ship to be built from precious stones; the youth swims to another king, who tells the servants "Go there - come back here"; this is the name of the servant, he brings a cup of tea and a cup of meat, the youth gives the meat to the servant; the servant says that the king has never treated him, goes with the youth; watching the miracles happening from the tower, the old khan demands that "Go there - come back here" be obtained for him; the khan's people killed him, and chose the youth as a new one]: Daurenbekov 1979: 96-99.

Southern Siberia - Mongolia. Southern Altai (Chagan-Uzun village, Kosh-Agach district) [a man, while hunting in winter, fell into a crevice in a glacier and landed on an ulu ; with the onset of spring , the ulu began to move, rose together with the hunter to the sky to Kuday; there the hunter saw yurts, approached them; the local people did not see him; when he drank their milk, it soured; when he ate aarchy , aarchy spoiled; the hunter saw how those people sheared sheep, how they knocked down wool, how they made felt - kiis , how they made a felt yurt, how they braided rope from wool; the shaman said: "An unclean spirit - kormos - came from the middle world "; he ordered to bring a bare horse skull; when it was brought, the shaman began to chant; the hunter jumped on the skull and, breaking the rope {part of the lattice of the felt yurt}, went down to his land; told the people about what had happened and explained: “It turns out that rope is [made] like this…, sheep are sheared like this, felt is made from wool like this”; rope has been made ever since ]: Yadanova 2014: 512-513; Khakass: Butanaev, Butanaeva 2001 [=Butanaev 2003: 100; the older brothers (they are the sons of another mother) abandoned the 12-year-old boy in the taiga; he crossed the Ala-syn ridge ("Motley Ridge"), went down to the white steppe, where all the cattle are motley; he kissed a girl, she immediately fell down dead; the shamaness explained that a guest had come from the Sunny Country, beat him into a drum, he came to at home; she sent the girl with him; since then, smallpox and measles have come from the Country of Smallpox]: 25; Katanov 1907, No. 185 [=1963: 108-109; the wife is lazy and inept; the husband finds an opening to the lower world, disguises it, sends his wife to collect currants there, she falls through; he marries another; but misses his former wife; the devil says that she will destroy all the inhabitants of the lower world, brings her back; she tells her husband that the lower people did not see her; they died as soon as she touched them]: 276-279; Mainagashev 1915 (Sagaytsy) [a hunter, who left his youngest daughter and a brown horse at home, got lost, went down to the steppe; all the cattle there are white-and-white; he saw his horse, entered the yurt, sat down next to his sister, who immediately fell ill; the shaman pulled the man into his drum, threw him out near his house on a pile of garbage; the man learned that he had been absent for a year; during this time his sister died of smallpox]: 286; Torokova, Sychenko 2014, No. 36 [the youngest of three brothers got lost; a man drove up and offered to take him to a good country but not to open his eyes along the way; there the guy was given a wife; she made shoes: when they wear out, you will die; one day the man noticed that there were holes in the shoes; he could not move; his wife was wailing; they put him in a coffin and threw him down the slope where the other coffins were; someone made a hole, the guy stabbed the tongue that had stuck out with a knife; he widened the hole and went out; he came to his wife; there was a funeral feast for him, they did not hear or see him; when he touched his wife, she lost consciousness; one shaman was powerless, the shaman with a bronze drum said that the man from the sunny land should be sent back; only in the ninth, bronze drum was he able to do this; the man came to his earthly wife; three years had passed since he disappeared; they celebrated the wedding again]: 533-541; Tofalars [two people found an opening to the lower world, went down; the local people did not see them; their touch caused illness; when the girl fell ill, they called a shaman, he saw the aliens, asked questions, and led them back to earth; three years passed]: Katanov 1891: 88 (=1907: 651-652; =Rassadin 1996, No. 40: 97-98); Tuvans[Dovurrakai was hunting gophers, got lost, went into the lair of an animal, sat down, it turned out that he was on the tail of a dragon, it lifted D. into the Upper World, threw him there; the locals do not see or hear him; he sees a cow for the first time, secretly drinks milk; he stroked a girl, she fell ill; they called the younger lama, D. poked him in the eye, the eye flowed out, the lama was taken away; the older lama came with two people; D. poked him too, but he did not react; D. was lowered to the ground home on a horse made of dough, sprinkled with barley and millet grain, giving the wall of the yurt; on the ground D. taught how to make a yurt, grow barley and millet]: Alekseev 2010, No. 32: 83-87; Buryats (most likely,Pribaikalskie, from an unpublished work by V.A. Mikhailov) [a man discovered a hole in the ground and found himself in the underworld; its inhabitants were like earthly people, but did not notice the stranger; when he ate something, the food did not decrease; a local shaman discovered him and ordered him to be sent back; the shaman performed a ritual; the man sat down on a felt mat, flew up, and found himself at the hole through which he had crawled from the earthly world to the underworld]: Poppe 1933: 54; Darkhats (northern Mongolia; possibly Darkhats; see Neklyudov, Novik 2008) [a man came across a pile of snakes; a snake with two red horns rubbed its head against his knees; the horn broke off; it became dark; he found himself in an unfamiliar world where he could not be seen; slept in the sleeve of the daughter of Khurmusta Khan , after which she fell ill; Tsorji-lama managed to see him, lowered him into his yurt on the ground, giving him the book "Tsagan-Shyukkurtu"; having it and the horn, the man became rich]: Potanin 1883, No. 165: 548-550.

Western Siberia. Nganasany : Dolgikh 1976, #22 [two old shaman brothers get lost and come to the land of the dead; the locals don’t see or hear them, they think it’s a fire crackling; one touches a girl’s hand, the other her hair, her hand and head start to hurt; the local shaman asks them what they want in exchange for letting the girl go; they take two shaitans to cure another, still living girl waiting at the border of the land of the dead; upon returning, the elder brother dies because he ate rotten fat in the land of the dead], 31 [beginning as in (22); the one of the two who took fat from the dead and pinched the girls is torn to pieces by seagulls], 33 [a man fell into a river, saw a girl riding a deer; he touched her, she got sick; the fire crackles; the old shaman didn’t see him, the young one asked him what he wanted; he asked for that deer; they made him a wooden one, he sat on it, ended up on the ground]: 81-91, 118-121, 126-129; Kets : Alekseenko 2001, No. 52 (= Dulzon 1972: 94 in Alekseenko 1976: 80) [a hunter fell through a crack in the sky, fell to the ground; lay there for three years, ate roots and grass that mice brought; went to the sound of a drum, pinched the shaman's sister, she fell unconscious; shaman Dokh sensed a stranger; the fallen one said that the girl would lie there for three days, asked to understand him above; D. picked him up, rode on a white one, a man on black deer; plugged the hole with black ones, returned on a white one], 53 [a man fell into the lower world; asks for food, people think that a fire is crackling; the shaman recognizes him, orders a deer to be slaughtered for him, wraps it in a white deer skin, and delivers it to the earth]: 117-118, 118; Nikolaeva 2006 (Sulomai settlement, Baikitsky district) [the hunter fell asleep under a cedar, fell into the lower world at night; enters the tent, no one sees him, he touches the owners' daughter, she falls unconscious; the shaman Dog said that the devil fell from the sky; entered into a conversation with the "heavenly man; the latter invited him to spend the winter in the sky; returned home]: 42; Northern Selkups [a man approached a hole through which birds fly, fell down, broke his arms and legs; hit a mouse that came up; it began to eat a grass root, its bones grew together; the man ate the same root, recovered; came to people who do not see him; when he speaks, it seems to them that fire snorts; two does and an old woman die from the man's touch; a shaman discovers him, sends him back to earth]: Prokofieva 1976: 125-127.

Eastern Siberia. Western Evenks: Vasilevich 1938, No. 36 (Yerbogachen) [a man wounded a hare, climbed under a willow after it, went down through a hole, went into a booth, people in the booth say that the fire is crackling; they see that the meat is disappearing, but do not see how the newcomer eats it; the newcomer lay down next to another person, who fell ill; they called a shaman, then another; he sent the one who came back to earth], 38 (Ingarigdovskie Katanga district, retelling and explanations in Vasilevich 1959: 187-188) [Charchikan stole the sons of the stupid bird Kingit (Kingit (the name of one of the Mongolian clans in the 12th century according to Rashid ad-Din); after two or three years he asks her why she is crying; K. says that tomorrow Thunder will kill her sons; Ch. hides them, the sons died from the blow of Thunder, but came back to life; grateful K. is ready to deliver Ch. to any land for this; he wants to go to the heavenly opening (the North Star); Ch. prepares two elks, feeds K. with meat for four days of flight; K. asks not to say in heaven that she brought it; Ch. comes to a beautiful woman; it seems to her that a fire is crackling; she sees Ch. only after copulation with him; says that there is no land in the sky, sends Ch. on a winged horse to the middle world to bring land; the horse falls on the path, the old woman asks him to pick up the fallen sled, holds Ch.'s hand; the horse flies away], 39 (Yerbogachenskie of the Katanga region, retold in Vasilevich 1959: 166-169) [people from the middle earth sometimes make their way to the upper earth through the North Star; having reached the people of the upper earth, they bring them misfortune, usually nervous attacks; are invisible to the people of the upper earth; a shaman named Gidalo ("dragonfly") decided to live on the upper earth; brought a bird, which told him to stock up on supplies for three years; penetrated the upper world; when G. speaks to the inhabitants, they notice that the fire hissed; touched the girl, she went crazy; the shaman, having learned that the cause of the misfortune is a man of the middle earth, invites him to return back, shows the hole, the bird, the bird brings him home]: 33, 35-36, 36-37; 1959 (Nepa of the Katanga region) [two people died while hunting elk and ended up on the other side (i.e. in the world of the dead); found the road of the dead, followed it; found their deceased older sister; began to eat, all the dishes were perforated; the fire (in the campfire) began to crackle when they began to ask questions; the dead say: "The fire began to crackle"; one of the newcomers asks his sister for food, she does not hear; the hunter poked her in the side with his finger, she groaned loudly, felt his presence; the dead called a shaman to treat him, he did not see the people; the sick woman is getting sicker - the stabbing pain in her side intensified; the dead say: "Go get the big shaman Burundyak"; Burundyak saw the people before entering; began to shamanize, took both men, brought them to the path they were walking on; the day is visible above through the hole, like a star; the shaman stuck a man up; the men agreed to take the shaman with them; when he stuck the second man into the hole, the latter grabbed the shaman, could not drag him through the hole, only tore his cloak; the shaman was defeated by the people,therefore a child was born on earth (narrator's line); the men went out onto the earth, went to bed, woke up, and told everyone at home]: 169; Ermakov 1988 (Ilimpiyskie, settlement Murukta, west 1943) [Khargi, in the form of a young hunter, goes to the Middle Earth; the iron bird Kingit brings him to the rock; he hides her children in a cave; gives her up for a promise to take him to the Middle Earth; they don't see him there, they think that a fire is crackling; Kh. touches the deer, it falls dead; sits down next to the girl, she falls ill; the shaman sees Kh., asks him to move away from the girl, otherwise she will die; slaughters a white deer, and sends Kh. back to the Lower World on it]: 47-48; Duvakin 2013 (Ilimpiyskie, Chirinda, 2007) [A man fell into a hole while hunting – he ended up in the lower world; he found plagues and people there; but those people did not see him, and when he said something, they heard the crackling of fire; the man took one of the tanned skins and climbed the stairs to his world; showed the skin to the people and told them what he saw; he never went hunting in the place where he fell again]; SymskieEvenki : Vasilevich 1959 (zap. in 1930) [in the evening a man went to get some wood dust (they put it in cradles) for his son; he walked along the lake, fell through, fell for a long time, fell to the ground, walked along a path, saw some blacksmiths, a deer was wandering nearby; the man looked at it, the deer died; he told the blacksmiths that he was lost, they brought him home, the woman died right there; the shaman began to shamanize, realized that the man had come from above, sent him back; the man climbed the stairs for a long time, ended up where he fell through, returned home]: 168; Baikal Evenks (northern Transbaikalia) [a fox got away from a hunter with an arrow stuck in its back; approaching the hole, the hunter fell through and found himself on the lower ground; says hello, enters the tent, eats, but is not seen, as well as the arrow in the fox's back {apparently, the lower people use the fox instead of a dog}; the old woman tells her son to harness the reindeer and go get the shaman; the reindeer are elk; the shaman is one-eyed, sees the hunter, tells him to put food on it; then tells him to take the fox away - the hunter will leave; after this the hunter ended up on the ground, the hunted fox with him; went to the hole, but it disappeared]: Pinegina 2019: 112-113; Evens : Robbek 2005 [the youngest of four brothers is Oindya; the elder sends the two elder ones for food, leaves the younger ones; tells them to cook lard; O. has an upset stomach, he goes to relieve himself, sees a light below; the brother comes to look, O. pushes him down; the brother ended up on the lower earth; he is not seen or heard; he touches a man, he screams, gets sick; they called a shaman; he ordered a deer skin to be brought, put brother O. in it, started telling stories, he fell asleep, found himself on the other side; he entered the house, there was a terrible old woman by the fire; she cut off some flesh from her peritoneum, cooked it, gave it to brother O., it turned out to be tasty; she ordered that at night, if they called him, answer "I'm a mouse"; he fell asleep again, found himself at home; O. now wants to get to the lower world himself; his brother pushed him away; he takes the meat - it is tasteless, like dust; he touches the girl's breast, she got sick; they also put him on the skin; he feels that there are devils around; he called himself a squirrel; then he called himself a mouse, found himself at home; the brothers go to the cannibals, tied up O., he broke the ropes, follows; they tied him to a tree - he tore out the tree; the brothers were placed in an iron house, only O. broke it, threw the cannibals into the fire; after that the father of the brothers and other people killed by the cannibals came back to life; O. turned into a handsome man]: 221-226; Dolgans [a hunter fell into a hole in the ground; three girls on horses pass by, they do not hear him; he came to their parents' house, they do not see him; he touches the girl, she falls ill; only the great shaman saw him (he can hide from the rays from his eyes); the shaman puts him on a rotten dry tree, it turns into a horse, it carries the man back to our world]: Efremov 2000, No. 25: 321; Central Yakuts(1st Nakharsky nasleg of the Megino-Kangalassky ulus) [a squirrel killed by a hunter fell on the mountainside; he climbed after it, fell, and landed on a haystack covered in mold and worms; the hay was carried by a one-eyed, one-armed, one-legged man with a mouth in the middle of his face; a man from the ground sat down on his sleigh and came to his house; the local people (the same halves) do not see him; he pesters the girl, she screams and moans; only the oldest shaman finds him, blows on him, sending him back to earth]: Alekseev et al. 1995, no. 50: 249-255; Western Yakuts (northwest of the Vilyui District) [it is only possible to mow flooded areas in the fall over the ice; the man was mowing, fell through; fell on a haystack; a woman arrived for hay on a red bull; the man began to help her load it, went with her; she did not notice him; she fell ill at home; the shaman said that the spirit was strong; the shaman found the man, sent him to his world; he ended up in the place where he fell through]: Popov 1949: 259-260; Yakuts ("there are many records in the archives of the Yakut Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences from the words of old people from different regions") [young people accidentally end up in the underworld, sometimes they go there through a cave out of curiosity, sometimes they fall through while searching for a missing deer; they end up in the same country as their earthly home; people of the underworld live in huts with their families, are engaged in cattle breeding, eat the same food as earthly people; they do not see aliens from earth, people's attempts to talk to them are mistaken for the crackling of a fire in a fireplace; when the aliens begin to court their daughters, they fall ill, the shamans invited to cure the sick woman discover the uninvited guests and drive them back to earth; they also return the reindeer that have fallen into their hands; the story is presented as an amusing incident, an adventure, without arousing fear or faith; the plot is predominantly widespread in the outlying regions of Yakutia, possibly borrowed from the Evenks and Buryats]: Ergis 1974: 138-139; northeastern (Kolyma) Yakuts [a man ended up in the lower world; everything there is like on earth, but he is not seen, although his presence is felt and taken for an evil spirit (abaasy); the newcomer eats, hugs the girl; the owner accuses the children of eating all the food, the girl has a fit; the shaman saw him, gave him a silver fox fur coat so that he would leave their world; sent him to earth]: Jochelson 1908: 122.

Amur – Sakhalin. Uilta [in winter a hunter climbed into a hole after a fox, ends up in buni ; it is summer there; he comes into a house, they do not notice him, do not give him food; he tries to hug a girl, but she only complains to her family that she is cold; he returns home, tells about what happened, dies]: Bereznitsky 2003: 42-43; Nivkh : Kreynovich [a young Ainu went after his dog, ended up in the underworld, where he was not seen or felt; touched a fisherman's spear, the fisherman was unable to catch fish, told his friend that it had become uncomfortable; at night he tried to hug a woman, she began to complain that she was dying, others - to heal her; the man returned to the living; the fish brought from the world of the dead turned into sorrel; he died three days after telling about what happened] 1929: 101-102; 1973: 374-375; Sangi v Bereznitsky 2003 [a Nivkh hunter goes to the afterlife after a fox; he is not noticed; he tries to lie down with a girl, but she only feels cold; a fish brought from the afterlife turned into bitter dust; the hunter told what happened, died after some time, went to his dead relatives]: 43; Nivkh : Pevnov 2010, No. 6 [a man's fiancée died, he married another, he has children; he wounded a fox, chased after it, climbed into a hole after it, the hole grew wider, came out into the bright world; the people there do not see him; he touched a spear that an old man was whittling, it cut itself; the man ate yukola, it seemed tasty; he lay down next to his fiancée, she screamed in pain; they called a shaman; the man got scared, took the yukola, went back, two large deer chased him, he crawled through the hole to the ground; the yukola he brought turned out to be rotten; he told about what he saw and died]: 37-43; Samgi 1974 [a man advises to set nets in the mouth of the river; all the fish have been caught, famine sets in in winter; hunters go into the forest, disappear; that man follows the fox, climbs into the hole, it gets wider and wider; he comes to the bright summer world of abundance; the dead do not see him; he goes to bed with a woman, she feels something cold, jumps up; he eats yukola, takes the bundle with him; in our world the yukola turns into rot; the hole becomes narrow, he cannot return to Mlykh-vo; he tells people about what he saw, dies, because he ate yukola in the other world and went to bed with a woman; since then it is known that he is in Mlykh-vo]: 53-59; Snail 2011 [an old man sees that a dog brought something to the puppies, follows her to a hole in the ground, comes out to the river, enters a house, where his dead parents, brother and first wife are; no one sees him; tries to hug his wife, she screams that she is sick; meets an ermine, the man ends up in the second Mlygvo {g crossed out} tier below; touches the man, who immediately cuts himself with a knife; ends up in the third tier with the ermine; the old man sees him there, sends him to the first; the boy's father asks the boy on the ground to show him where she put two knives before her death; he wakes up at home, shows where the knives are, and soon dies]: 24-25.

North-East Asia. Forest Yukaghirs (Nelemnoye village, Verkhnekolymsky Ulus, Yakutia) [a man was riding a horse from one village to another; he felt like he was flying somewhere; he landed, it was dark all around, he followed the sound of a song and saw a girl in white; she was stacking hay on a cart pulled by an ox; the man took the pitchfork from her and began to help; the girl felt uneasy and groaned; the man began to question her, but she could not hear; the man put her on the cart and arrived at the village; there were people there, they carried the girl into the house, but they could not hear him; having gotten used to the darkness, the man noticed that everyone had white eyes; he lay down to sleep next to the girl, but she felt even worse; they called a shaman, he also had white eyes; then they called another, he had one white eye and the other like a human's; he asked the man how he got there; the man told him, the shaman sat him on a horse and blindfolded him; said to take off the bandage when the horse stopped; the man flew again, as if into an abyss; the horse stopped, the man took off the bandage and saw that he was sitting on a horse's skin; told the people, some looked for the place where he fell, but did not find it]: Zhukova, Prokopyeva 1991, No. 11: 153-154.

Arctic. Asian Eskimos: Menovshchikov 1974, no. 32 (Chaplino) [=Menovshchikov 1988, no. 2: 18-20; a man from Napakutak was hunting in a kayak; he saw boats pulling a whale; he followed them to the shore; they did not see him; he put pieces of whale skin on a woman’s back so that she would feel the cold and notice him; the pieces disappeared under her skin, she fell ill; he ate meat from a dish of another woman, she did not understand where it had gone; only a shaman saw the man, he agreed to cure the woman, removed the meat from her back; they took him home in a baidara; looking back, he saw killer whales swimming away]: 140-143; Rubtsova, Vakhtin 2019, no. 28 (Chaplino) [approximately as in Menovshchikov, no. 32]: 362-372; Van Deusen 1999 [a man in a kayak gets lost in the fog; swam up to hunters who killed a whale; they neither see nor hear him; he swims with them; eats whale meat; a piece of skin gets stuck in his throat, he coughs, the piece flies onto the girl's back, she gets sick; a shaman sees him, orders him to remove the whale skin from the girl's back, she recovers; those gathered see this man briefly, then he disappears from them; the man sees that the fog has cleared, swims home]: 209-210.

NW Coast. Tlingit ['Askadut died; sees everyone gathered and crying, cannot eat, cannot sleep with his wife; touches his brother, asking why he does not give him food; his brother says that his body is cramped and the fire crackles (fire makes a noise); every time A. began to speak, sparks flew out of the fire; ate only after the food intended for him was put on the fire; the body was burned, A. felt a pleasant warmth; after this he could not follow the people who had gone home; went to the world of the dead; the way is hard, he is tired, scratched; began to cry at a muddy river, no one hears; yawned, the dead heard, they took him in a boat; they became covered with moss, trees grew on their heads; A. wanted to go back, his recently deceased aunt took him back across the river; he sat down by the river, after 9 days the water washed away the bank, he fell into the water - and was born a baby to his sister; he was ashamed, he refused to suckle, they had to invite a wet nurse; from A. it is known that in the world of the dead]: De Laguna 1972: 767-768.