K27n3a1. Hero in the fight against the elements. .34.39.

In the course of his courtship, the hero enters into a struggle with characters (more than two in number) who embody the elements, luminaries, and parts of the universe.

Tuvans, Chukchi.

Southern Siberia. Tuvans(retelling of a tale based on two versions from western Tuva; originals in the manuscript collection of the Tuvan Research Institute of Language, Literature and History) [Ekendei-mergen and his wife have a son, Boktu, and a daughter, Bora; they often play in the forest; one day they came and found the camp burned down, the parents were gone; they found a half-dead foal in the pen, they nursed it back to health; they acquired a farm; Bora remembered overhearing a conversation between her father and mother: her father hid a warrior's shoes, clothes and weapons in a hiding place, and her mother hid everything a woman needed; her brother and sister found it; having put on their father's clothes, Boktu became a strongman; he tamed the strongman's horse that the foal turned into; they named him Ayan-Kula ("slender dun"); her sister has a dream three times: her brother chased an animal, fell from his horse and broke his neck; but Boktu still chased the goats, fell and died; the eagle tells the sister to anoint the body of her brother with herbs; the sister left the body in the opened rock, cut off her braid and mustache and took it with her; the eagle: bring three daughters of three khans, they will revive Boktu; they will fly in as swans; the swans are flying, Bora hit one with an arrow, a feather fell; on it is an inscription: I am the daughter of Ayun-khan; find me, and I will be Boktu's wife; Bora put on her brother's clothes, attached his braid and mustache, rode on her brother's horse; the eagle and the eagle promised to help; she rode, not knowing the time, recognized winter by the frost, summer by the dew; seeing the old man, she turned into a pitiful lad on a wretched horse; the old man: in three days Deer Khan ("heavenly khan") is holding an archery competition; the winner will get his daughter; the son of the Moon Aldyn-möge will win; the arrow must fly through the hole in the fox's shoulder blade, through the eye of a silver needle, pierce a mountain of firewood and set it on fire, smash the head of an iron statue; Aldyn-mogyo's arrow pierced everything, but only scratched the head of the statue; Bora aimed and drew her bow all day, her arrow pierced everything and smashed the head of the statue; but A. suggests they fight; the horse teaches Bora to rub himself with medicine, Bora's body became like a man's; she tore A. off the ground, circled her for two, three months and tore her into small pieces; the khan gave away his daughter; Bora promised to pick her up on the way back and rode on; (the same episodes; Ai-khan's archery competition, the main contender is the son of the Sun, Hyuler-möge; his arrow hit the head of the idol, but itself broke; Bora's arrow broke the idol; defeated H., his body turned into pieces of bronze); the horse warns that Hyun-khan is the most dangerous and strongest of the three; the main contender is the giant hero Ang-Shora-möge ("shora" is not a Tuvan word); he offers to pull his bow: whoever can, will win; Bora pulled, the bow broke; now a running competition; ASh made two magic paper men; instead of Bora, an eagle (in the form of a man) ran; the horse snorted, the men were blown away by the wind and soaked by the rain; then the races; the eagle flew and overtook the rider, and then became a man again; but they gave him a sleeping potion to drink, and put the jug on his ear; Bora broke the jug with an arrow,the eagle won; Bora won in archery; she defeated (in male guise) the strongman Chargyry-kara with steel legs; then ASH called the son of Iron Teek-myoge; he is iron, on one side is fire, on the other is ice; the horse Ayan-kula furkul, on one side on Teek-myoge there is a storm with a downpour, and on the other is the sun; the fire went out, the ice melted, Bora scattered its pieces; now the son of Earth Cherzi-myoge; Bora crushed him; the son of Heaven Te-myoge; Bora tore apart his head, on which there are two horns: now you will be only a mountain goat, prey for hunters; then Ang-Shora-myoge himself began to wrestle with Bora; they fought for a long time, they recognized winter by the frost, and summer by the dew; Bora tore him apart: you will be mice and pikas; the eagles hear Hyun Khan's maid saying that Bora is a woman and should bathe; the horse snorted, a storm started, the cattle died, no one saw Bora's body; the maid advises to put the boys to whittle bows and arrows and the girls to cut robes; if Bora is a woman, she will look at the girls; then they decided to give Bora a drink, but the horse magically drank for her, and Hyun Khan's daughter said that she had a fiance, although he did not; the khan punished the informer-maid by giving her in marriage to a poor man who was grazing calves at the end of the world; Bora overtook the khan's daughters, opened the rock where her brother's body was, returned his clothes, mustache and braid, put a letter in his hand with a story about what happened, and she herself became a hare and ran away; the khan's daughters revived Boktu, he read the letter; ordered to catch the hare; Only Hyun Khan's daughter treated him well; Boktu took his sister {was she human again?} into the forest, settled her in a sky-high bone house, stuffed animals for her; the wives wonder why he brings them less than usual; leaving again to hunt, Boktu asks each wife what she will do in his absence; Deer Khan's daughter: sew a sable hat; Ai Khan's daughter: sew a silk robe; Hyun Khan's daughter Aldyn-dangyn: give birth to a son; gave birth to a golden-breasted guy; she also sewed a hat and a robe; the other two wives ask to be allowed to take care of the boy, and they themselves threw him into a flock of sheep; a black ram stood over him, warmed him all night and did not let him trample; the same with the camels; with the horses; they told the servant to throw the child into the sea; when Boktu returned, the two wives showed the hat and robe, and instead of a child - a puppy; Boktu beat Aldyn-Dagan with a whip and rode away; to find out where he was, two wives tied a thread to his horse; they waited until Boktu rode back, offered Bora to comb her hair, stuck a silver pin into each of her heads, Bora fell dead; (apparently, the wives consider Bora to be her husband's mistress); when Boktu found the body, he dressed it up like a doll, tied it to the horns of the maral and released it into the forest; began to beat the wives, they confessed to the murder, he drove them away; Aldyn-Dagan advises to turn to the eagle and eagle; the maral ran to the shepherd who was tending the flocks of Karaty-khan ("envious khan"); his wife found the needles and they pulled them out, Bora came back to life; began to call the shepherd and his wife father and mother; the son of Karaty-khan shot an arrow, it fell into the shepherd's tent; seeing Bora,He ordered his father to marry him to the shepherd's daughter; the servants came - they were amazed by the beauty, then the khan himself - too; he called the shepherd to him; he answers, as Bora taught: my daughter; Khan: if so, count how many years the bear is on the wooded side of the mountain and the hare on the sunny one; Bora orders the shepherd to attach a skull to each of his shoulders, and sprinkle salt on the hare's path; bear: I have lived 60 years, but I have never met a three-headed one; ran away out of fear; hare: I have lived 50 years, but I have never eaten so deliciously; the khan ordered to catch the bear and the hare and beat them; each: I have lived 60 (50) years, but it has never been so painful; now the khan orders the shepherd to roast the ox whole, so that there is not a drop of blood, not a speck of dirt inside, and not a hair outside; Bora to the shepherd: give the ox some salt water to drink and drive it until all is gone from it; then roast it in the sand in an earthen oven; now the khan orders to make yogurt from the bull's milk; Bora orders the father to stay at home; when the khan came, he replies that the father is pregnant; can the bull be milked? Bora combs her hair, the khan: how many are there? How many tracks did your horse leave; the khan sent gold, silver, arak, and married Bora's son; Bora gave the father a thread a fathom long; let him take for it as much cattle as can be tied with the thread; they tied all the young animals, and all the females ran after them; three days later the shepherd takes Bora to the khan; the khan described the whole world and left a letter on a pole; Bora: what a fool: you forgot the kite and the hawk; The khan tells his daughter-in-law to tend the sheep, but not to call a sheep a sheep, a wolf a wolf, etc.; he himself sent wolves and ravens; Bora: On the bank of the current, at the base of the growing one, two howling ones took away and gnawed to death one of the ones I lead, and two croaking ones pecked out what those I lead look at; the eagles told Boktu where his sister was; Bora tells the son she gave birth to to sing about who his mother, father, uncle are; Boktu heard, gave a letter to the boy, Boktu and Bora met; she was nursing her tired horse Ayan-Kul; now if he moves his right ear, white clouds will float, and black ones with his left; the eagles told Boktu where his parents were; his father is grazing calves, his mother is milking cows; they are slaves of Saraatai ​​Khan; Boktu arrived disguised as a poor lad; and then he defeated S. in a duel and burned him; He settled his parents in his yurt; at home, Aldyn-dangyn's wife told him: when Boktu kicked her out after beating her, she saw a lame mouse; it ate some grass and got better; A. did the same; the aging servant who had thrown her son into the sea saw a boy coming out of the sea to play on a stone; then they made some felt, scattered some knucklebones on it, and put it on the stone; the boy came out, started playing with the knucklebones, and fell asleep; they wrapped him in the felt and carried him away; he screamed in a terrible voice: Masters of the sea, mother and father, where are you? The sea approached, but was only able to tear off the hems of the clothes of those carrying the boy away; A. tells him that she is his real mother; Boktu went into the forest to look for his son; he stole meat from a hero; he caught him and wanted to kill him, but Boktu told him everything, and he believed that Boktu was his father; they found a heroic horse for him, and he tamed it; the old woman suggested calling the young man Khaa-Chengei (ХЧ; there was no name before),Khan-Shilgi riding a horse; he is going to woo Mongun-dangyna, the daughter of Biche-khan; she is friendly, gave him a piece of cheese, so that he would give half of it to her father; HC caught him when another hero was defeating him; threw the hero back, saved Biche-khan; he gave him his daughter, but she was betrothed to the youngest son of Kurbustu-khan; this is the golden man, he wounded HC in the liver; the wife orders to shoot at the golden thread that connects the enemy with the moon; the arrow broke the thread, the golden one died; the same with his elder brother (bronze, the thread to the sun); the sky began to approach the earth, this is Kurbustu getting angry; HC moved them apart, rode to Kurbustu along the mountain ridge, throwing back the falling lightning; the horse: this is Kurbustu's ridge; they arrived at Kurbustu's head; he asks to bring two horses, which his sons, who he killed, brought every year; the horses tore him to pieces, but the head grabbed the reins, directed the horses, collected the body parts and HC became whole again; Kurbustu is frightened, orders to release the horses; to get a giant maral; HC hit a tuft of wool near the heart with an arrow, killed the maral, brought the skin; Kurbustu sent HC back to earth]: Grebnev 1973: 12-173;Tuvans[before his death, the father of Moge Bayan-Dalai (BD) sent him for lama Koldu-Burgan; he arrived, began to read sacred books, but the camp was surrounded by enemies - brothers Ak-Khan and Kadyn-Kara; BD's horse tells him to aim higher, because the brothers will jump, but BD did not listen, the arrow flew past; he himself did not jump, was killed; his pregnant wife Sai-Kuu fled to the steppe, gave birth to a son Kara-Kogel; three days later he is already walking and talking; asks his mother about animals, from small to large, easily kills them with stones; mother taught him to make a bow and shoot; KK brought 6 bears at once; mother does not tell him to go to the sacred mountain; he went, the mountain moves, it is a giant maral that eats forest like grass; KK hit a vulnerable spot on the forehead, where the animal fur is; he ripped open the belly of a maral, from which many people came out alive (this episode is on p. 102); KK made a dwelling from the skin of this maral; his mother sent KK to meet his grandfather Aldyn-Aas; he is going to woo the daughter of Manchyn-Ege-khan; they are met by people without an ear; without an arm; without a leg; they answer that two eagles attacked them; two birds of Khan-Khereti; two lions; this happened when they went to Manchyn-Ege-khan; AA gives BD a name that his mother only indistinctly pronounced: Kara-Kogel, riding the horse Arzylan-Kyskyl; this horse has no gaps between its ribs; AA stays with KK's mother, and sends him to Mynchyn-Ege-khan; BD's father once wooed her for him, gave him a steel bar and scissors; to cross the sea, KK shot an arrow, it swept away the passage between the waters; the khan has a competition, the winner will get his daughter; the son of the moon, the son of the sky, the son of the sun are participating; KK's arrow went through the eye of a needle, through the hole in a shovel, set fire to a pile of firewood, etc., but he threw a lasso on it and returned it; to compete in running from the place where the sky meets the earth; the strongmen sent sorceresses in their place; they gave KK something to drink - he, poisoned, fell dead; the horse came running, pushed the jug away, the winds revived KK, he overtook the old women, dragged along those who wanted to detain him with hooks; horse races, those old women are on horses, the horse tells you not to look back; AA turned around, saw his mother's breast, fell to her, fell poisoned; the horse woke him up, he overtook the old women; to fight with the strongman for 90 days; in winter only the frost creaked underfoot, in summer the dew rustled; AA defeated him and buried him in a hole; a fight with a strongman from whom sparks were pouring; AA beat him with an icy fur coat, threw him into the sea; defeat a bull, AA threw the bull over a rock slide; a fight with three bears; in winter the frost creaked under their feet, in summer the dew rustled; KK threw all three on the stones; these strongmen are from the lower world, they licked the arrow, swearing never to attack again; horse: they will demand me for the bride, do not give up the iron fetters; but Malchyn-Ege-khan took the horse away along with the fetters; at a feast KK was given drink, the heroes attacked him; KK shouted: Earth is my mother, Sky is my father, where are you? stones rained down from the sky, destroying half of the khan's squad; the wife brought KK to her place and in the morning he again called upon the Earth and Heaven, asking them to be beneficent; the sun shone,half of the dead came to life; KK melted down the broken bronze cup and cast it again; KK's horse almost died of thirst and hunger, but the khan's little son let him go and gave him something to drink; the horse was offended at KK because KK gave him away along with the fetters, but then forgave him; visiting his plundered camp, KK saw the remains of a long-dead man; this was his father; KK smeared the bones with potions, the body was revived; he struck with the golden handle of the whip and jumped over - the man rose up, but could not speak; from the book of sudurs KK learned that a magic mouse carried away vocal cords through 7 layers of earth, 9 layers of dust; KK became an ermine, caught up with, killed the mouse, returned the cords, put them in his father's mouth; BD came to life, but KK told him to look after the house, and he himself went to take revenge; learned from the shepherds that life is hard under the new owners; suggested that Ak-Khan and Kadyn-Kara shoot at each other the same way they had done with his father; their arrow bounced off KK's chest and fell apart, his arrow pierced both of them at once; KK returned the people to their former nomadic camp]: Grebnev 1960: 87-141.

NE Asia. Chukchi [The Sun, the Moon, the Sky, the Sea, Dawn, Twilight, the World, as well as Atigitki and his cousin, came to woo the girls whose father is the Earth; each shows what he is capable of; the Sea drowns everyone, the Sun burns them, but everyone is reborn; the Moon calls forth crushing rocks, crushing those present; A. and his cousin turn into ermines, hide in the corner of the room; Dawn sends forth polar bears, Twilight - brown ones, the World - a blizzard; all the shamans are reborn again; when it is A.'s turn, he pokes each rival with his staff, burning half of his body; the other half weakens; the rivals run away; the Sun and the Moon - to the sky, the Sky - up, Dawn - to the east, Twilight - to the west, the World stretches out across the universe; A. turns himself, his brother and the daughter of the Earth into mosquitoes, they fly into our world; there strongmen took their wives; they fight with them in the air, they fall dead]: Bogoras 1928, No. 24: 367-370; Chukchi : Bogoras 1928, No. 23 [see motive K30; The raven gives the orphan youth shamanic power; Dawn carries off his wife; he kills him, returns his wife; now the Sun and the Moon kidnap her; The Sun creates a river of centipedes; the youth throws meat to them, crosses the river; the same episode with rivers of beetles of different colors; the youth enters the Sun; he throws a bloody solar disk made of wood, iron, copper around the room; the youth turns into hair, into a needle, unharmed; the Sun throws him into the fire, the youth comes to life; takes his wife home again, promises the Sun his sister as his wife; the Sun and the Moon come for her; the youth makes a girl out of snow; the Sun and the Moon carry her to the sky; a warm wind makes her melt, the Sun and the Moon are killed by a snowstorm]: 364-367; Bogoraz 1939 [Dawn and Twilight Dawn have one wife; the shaman wants to kidnap her; exchanges her for a girl he made out of snow and grass, whom he passes off as his sister; in the morning it turns out that the girl has melted]: 21-22.