L23D. Transformations of the Captured Woman.

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A man grabs a woman he desires. Trying to free herself, she turns into various substances, materials, animals, or (urarina, setebo) orders various dangerous animals to attack the man who grabbed him.

Anuak, Latins, Germans (East Prussia), Monumbo, Keva, Melpa, Viru, Cuman, Atoni, Samal, Ancient Greece, Greeks, Transylvanian Saxons, Russians (Tersky Coast, Arkhangelsk, Olonetsk, Moscow, Voronezh), Ukrainians (Transcarpathia, Galicia, Podolia, Poltava), Poles, Slovaks, Danes, Swedes, Western Saami, Lutsi, Setos, Veps, Karelians (only north?), Finns, Latvians, Napo, Aguaruna, Shipaya, Urarina, Setebo, Kashinahua, Sharanahua.

Sudan - East Africa. Anuak [Awili has a brother Owili; he wants to marry her, her parents do not object; when O. went to his sister, she cut off the head of his penis, ran out of the hut, took all the girls of the village, and a white dog with her; asked God to open a termite mound, the girls went inside and stayed there; cattle are grazing nearby, one bull is rubbing against the termite mound and A. is singing at this time; they heard the song; the chief orders the termite mound to be dug up, but no matter how much they dig, what was dug up is again filled with clay; but after the chief sacrificed an ox, the young men dug up the termite mound; A. jumped into the throat of her dog, the young men took the girls, but one poor and ugly young man was left without a wife, he got only the dog; he lives with his mother in a hut on the outskirts; When they go to the field, A. gets out of the dog, prepares food; the young man's mother loudly said to her son: Let's go! but in fact they hid; the young man grabbed A.; she turned into a cow, a hippopotamus, a leopard, a pelican and other animals and birds , but he did not let her go and A. remained in human form; A. ordered beer to be prepared and appeared to the people in a leopard skin; she became the young man's wife, refusing to be the chief's wife; he arranged a hunt, the young man also went, the chief killed him, covering the corpse with branches; the white dog licked its owner, ran home, the mother saw the blood, and the dog led A. to the dead man; A. covered him with a leopard skin and the young man came to life; the chief began to deny that it was he who killed the young man; A. touched the ground with her bamboo staff and all the villagers fell into a crevice; After 4 days A. returned them, but they were badly eaten by termites; A. became the leader of the village]: Evans-Pritchard, Beaton 1940, No. 15: 66-70.

Southern Europe. Latins [when Peleus seized Thetis, she began to change forms – she turned into a bird, a tree, and a tigress ; Peleus became frightened and released his embrace; he sacrificed to the sea gods; Proteus advised him to throw fetters on the sleeping Thetis and hold her until she assumed her normal form; Peleus did so; Thetis submitted to him]: Ovid. Met. VIII. 733-738, XI. 229-265]: Ovid's Metamorphoses (turn of the eras), trans. S.V. Shervinsky.

Western Europe. Germans (East Prussia) [a stepmother loves her own daughter and tyrannizes her stepdaughter; in the middle of winter, having dressed the girl in a paper dress, she sent for strawberries; she goes expecting to die soon; she saw a house and went in; there were three little people by the fire; the girl got water and bread; the little people asked to give it to them; the girl shared and saw that the water had become wine and the bread had become pies; the little people gave her a broom and told her to sweep the snow behind the house; there were strawberries under the snow; one little person wished that a gold coin would fall from the girl’s lips with every word; another – that she would become more beautiful every day; the third – that she would marry the king; when the girl returned, the stepmother sent her own daughter for strawberries; she refused to share her food; refused to sweep the snow – you will sweep it yourselves; she did not find any strawberries and returned home; they wished that toads would fall from her lips; so that she would become uglier every day; and so that she would come to a bad end; later, but also in the bitter cold of winter, the stepmother sent her stepdaughter to the cemetery, telling her to spin along the way; the girl was met by the king and soon married her; a year later she gave birth to a son; the king went off to war; the stepmother came to the city, penetrated to the young queen and pushed her into the sea, and put her daughter in her bed; the king returned and asked his wife how she felt; toads fell from her lips; at night the queen came out of the sea, penetrated into the palace, fed her child and returned to the water; several times; the nurse reported to the king; he seized his wife; she turned into a snake, but the king did not release her and the wife was reborn; the false queen was burned]: Lemke 1887, No. 32: 157-160; Germans (East Prussia) [a widow began to court the daughter of a rich widower, so that she would persuade her father to marry her; soon after the wedding, she began to tyrannize over her husband and stepdaughter; he went into the forest to hang himself; the old man gave him a rope to tie to a stump of fallen trees - they would cut themselves into firewood; returning, the man remembered that he had forgotten his mitten and sent his daughter for it; she saw three doves in that place, was friendly with them; one wished that ducats would fall from her lips with every word; the second, that she would become more beautiful every day; the third, that an apple tree with golden apples would grow in front of her window; the next time the man sent his wife's daughter for the mitten; she drove the doves away; one wished that toads would fall from her lips, the second - that she would grow ugly every day, the third - that she would come to a bad end; a king was riding, saw the apple tree, sent a servant to pick an apple, the branches rose up; the stepmother's daughter - the same; a beautiful girl - easily plucked; the king took her to the palace and married; and the tree ran after her and grew near the castle; a year later the queen gave birth to a son; the stepmother and her daughter came to her; at night they threw the queen into a well, the stepmother replaced her with her daughter; at night the servant hears a voice and answers the questions: what is my son doing? - Screams. - And the ugly stepsister? - Lies in bed and spit out toads. - And the stepmother? - Snores. The queen came, fed the child and said that she could come only twice more; the same the next night; after this the servant told the king; the king lay in wait and seized his wife; she took all sorts of forms, including a snake, but he did not let her go ; and when she turned into a straw, the king broke it in half and the wife was reborn; the stepmother and her daughter were burned at the stake; the wedding was celebrated again; I was there, but nothing got into my throat and I remained hungry]: Lemke 1887, No. 33: 160-166.

Melanesia. Monumbo [a woman died, buried; her lover blocks the path of her soul; she turns into a snake, into shit, but he does not let her go ; she agrees to lead him to the world of the dead; there the husband's fire goes out, he looks for another, the backside of each dead person seems to him to be a burning fire; accompanied by the dead, he returns home to his wife; she says that he has been absent for a long time, and instead of souls he sees birds and snakes]: Höltker 1965, no. 10: 87-89; keva [a man named Sumi Sama is the head of the village, but is single; at night he hears singing and music from Mount Sumi; he came there; there is a tree up to the sky; the star women come down and smear their faces with white clay, as is customary during the holidays; he made a shelter, hid, grabbed the last woman who came down for clay; she is the leader of the sky women; transformed into a snake, a crocodile, a wild boar, a tree, a stone, water, a thorny rattan ; at dawn she agreed to go with SS, but let him do as she said; in three weeks there was a holiday; the wife warned that SS should not dance there with other women; she made a thread from plant fiber and tied it to SS's back; if it broke, trouble would happen; but at the holiday the woman drew SS into a dance and the thread broke; SS ran home, but saw his wife climbing up a tree trunk; SS made a ladder, but when he wanted to grab his wife's hand, he fell into a hole in the stone and crashed to his death; since then SS's bones have disappeared, but men still use his skull during rituals; if SS had not violated his wife's prohibition, men would still be getting women freely, not for money]: Slone 2009: 96-98; melpa [a possum hunter noticed clay on a liana; watched as the sky dwellers (Tae people) came down in the morning to get the clay; later a girl appeared, she was alone and the man grabbed her; she turned into a tree, into a snake , but he did not let her go; together they climbed up the liana into the world of the Tae people; she brought it to her parents in a wicker bag; parents: a man from earth cannot stay in heaven, you both must come down; they were given two pieces of possum meat, which they called pigs; the man told his brothers everything; the Tae people came down in a dark cloud; the earth people gave them vegetables and meat; but then a piglet squealed and the Tae ran back to heaven, taking the girl with them; the Tae cannot stand the squealing of pigs; the people decided that they would not see the Tae people on earth anymore]: Vicedom 1977, no. 12: 15-16; viru [a man went into the forest and took shelter from the rain under a tree; he saw young women descend from the sky, collect some yellow clay and fly back; he grabbed the last one; it turned into something prickly, then into a snake, then into something else, but he did not let it go ; she made the man handsome and went to live with him in his village; but warned him not to go to the festivities; their house is full of money and shells; one day the man went to the festivities anyway, but when he returned, he did not find his wife; he built a ladder, climbed to the sky, almost got there, but night came and he went back down; at night the woman collapsed the ladder; the man went into the forest and remained an outcast]: Slone 2009: 26-28.

Malaysia - Indonesia. Atoni [a village near Mount Mutis (the highest point of Timor); a man was happy with his wife, but she died; he went hunting; by a tree he thought about his dead wife; a voice asked him why he was thoughtful; a man of stories; an old woman: go to the valley to the ficus tree (Ficus benjamina); seize your wife there and bring her home at once; but from now on you must no longer hunt deer, for Poetri Kapok plays with them; in the morning the man came to the ficus tree; there is a village he had not seen before; he was told that his wife had gone to fetch water; the women returned carrying water, his wife the fourth among them; she was wearing the clothes in which she was buried; he grabbed her by the hand; she changed into a snake, a forest cat, a bleating goat, but in the end she took human form ; the man brought her home; after a year he was very hungry for honey, went for it and brought it; As soon as the wife saw the honey, she disappeared; the man went to the ficus, but found no one]: Vries 1925, no. 69: 282-283.

Taiwan - Philippines. Samal [Kanhaw hid the wings of the bathing heavenly maidens biradali, grabbed the youngest; she turned into a snake, a scorpion, a centipede, an egg; but this did not help; biradali gave birth to a girl; a rat stole a cake that the daughter was eating; chasing the rat, biradali found her wings, fixed them and flew away to the sky with her daughter; K. swam across the sea to the edge of the sky to return them; saw the girls who came for water to purify the returned one and her daughter; the wedding of biradali with the heavenly youth is being prepared; K. threw his ring into the vessel; on the way he bought an eel and a firefly; biradali found the ring; K. asks her father, the heavenly sultan, for her hand in marriage; he orders water to be brought in a basket and the bride to be found in the 99 rooms of the palace; K. sealed the holes in the basket with eel saliva, and the firefly led him to the biradali; all is well]: Ziegler 1973: 113-115.

The Balkans. Ancient Greece : Apollod. Bibl. I. 3. 6; 9. 6; II. 5. 11; III. 13. 5 [“Mythological Library” of Pseudo-Apollodorus (1st-2nd centuries): 1) “Zeus had intercourse with Metis, who took various forms {without specification} in order to avoid his love. When she became pregnant, Zeus swallowed her before she gave birth, for she promised, after first giving birth to a virgin, to produce a son who would become the ruler of the sky. Frightened by this, Zeus devoured her. When the time came for the birth, Prometheus struck Zeus on the head with an axe (some also name Hephaestus). Athena jumped out of the head fully armed, and this happened by the river Triton”; 2) "Following Chiron's advice to seize Thetis and hold her, whatever form she might take, Peleus lay in wait for her and carried her off. Thetis turned now into fire, now into water, now into a beast , but Peleus would not let her go until he saw that she had regained her original form" (trans. V.G. Borukhovich)]; Greeks : Crooke 1908 [a musician seizes a Nereid, who turns into a dog, a snake, a camel, fire ; he does not let her go until the first crow of the rooster; after that she retains her form, becoming his wife]: 167-168; Megas 1970, no. 76 (Crete) [retold in Tronsky 1934: 530; a village youth who played the lyre well fell in love with one of the Nereids; the old woman advised him to grab her by the hair before the rooster crowed and not let go until she stopped changing her appearance; the Nereids brought him to their cave, he did as they advised; the Nereid turned into a dog, a snake, a camel, fire ; the rooster crowed, the Nereids disappeared, the captured one followed the young man into the village; she gave birth to a son, but always remained silent; the old woman advised him to pretend that he was going to throw the child into the fire; the Nereid screamed, grabbed the child, disappeared; the others did not let her in anymore; she began to live in a spring, where she is seen with her child two or three times a year]: 202-203; Transylvanian Saxons [in a poor family with many children, two more were born: a boy Hani and a girl Susi; the father went to look for a godfather; a merchant he met and his wife agreed to be godparents and took the children to themselves, replacing their parents; one day the brother and sister were playing cards and the sister was winning all the time; the brother hit her on the head with a key in his anger, after which a dark shadow carried her away; the adoptive mother drove H. away, but the adoptive father gave him provisions to take with him; in another kingdom he hired himself out as a gardener and the queen liked him; one day, someone calls him by the seashore; an enchanted princess came out of the water; only a young man named H., who has a twin sister, can save her; and her name is S., like her sister; he must come to the shore for 99 days, every day he will find gold! but on the 99th day the queen ordered H. to dance with her, he could not leave the holiday; and when he ran to the sea, the gold was gone; from the muddy sea appeared S.: you could not disenchant me, now look for me on the glass mountain; he went to the glass mountain, and the queen gave him a servant as a companion; by the mountain there is a mill and the mistress is a witch; having learned from the servant why H. needed to go to the mountain, she told him to stick a pin into H.'s clothes so that he would fall asleep; S. came, but could not wake H.; leaving for the third time, she asked the servant to tell H.: now she is leaving for the dark world, and H., when he wakes up, let him cut off the crown of the tree he sees; the servant decided that there was no need to hide anything from H. anymore and told everything; H. guessed to cut off his head; he came to another kingdom, hired himself out to a merchant, who fell in love with him; one day he said that the queen would have a birthday and she would come to choose the best goods, let H. offer them what she had made; the queen recognized H., she – his missing sister S.; the king: all for the best, your sister would not have become my wife if you had not struck her then; H. told him his story; he struck with a whip and called up spirits; one was just about to fly into the dark world; the king asked him to take H. with him; the spirit warned that two Heubäume (?) would fall on H. at the first door, and two lions would attack him at the second; there was no need to be afraid of them; in the third room he should hide under the first bed on the right; S. was lying on this bed; she began to say that if H. embraced her exactly at midnight and held her for an hour while she bit him in the form of a snake, the spell would be broken ; H. did so; the darkness dissipated; the spirit carried H. and S. to the king; the wedding]: Haltrich 1882, no. 32: 31-32.

Central Europe. Russian : Potanin 1891 [(after Afanasyev 1863); Dmitry Tsarevich brings his sister to Ivan Tsarevich; the nanny turns her into a duck, dresses her daughter in her dress; D. is put in prison for deception; the duck flies to him, leaves her wings at the entrance to the prison, I. burns them, catches the girl; she turns into various reptiles, he does not let go; turns into a spindle, he breaks it , throws half forward (the girl), the other back (the birch)]: 153-154; Russian : Balashov 1970, No. 22 (Tersky Bereg) [the princess laughs - gold pours out, she cries - pearls; one step is golden, another is silver; the tsar died, the prince goes to the city, the princess tells him not to brag about her; he drank, bragged, the local tsar orders to bring his sister; the tsar sent a ship; the old woman took the princess's clothes, pushed them into the water, she flew away as a swan; the old woman replaced her with her daughter; the gold does not pour out, the prince is put in prison; the sister flies in, sheds her wings, cries pearls; the watchman followed, burned the swan wings, grabbed the princess, she turned into a snake, a spindle, etc.; the tsar took away his real wife, and gave his kingdom to her brother], 50 [the rich man has a daughter, the poor man has a son; the guy ran to that girl, she hit him with a whip: you were a fine fellow, become a stallion; there are 40 such girls who ride stallions, and in the morning they turn into guys again; the stepmother asked to tell how it all happened, gave 6 bricks, a rooster, an awl and three iron frying pans to cover your head; while they are not there, sit on the floor, bricks along the wall, frying pans on your head, a rooster in one hand, an awl in the other; they will fly down, you need to poke the rooster, he will cry, they will jump out of the bathhouse, she will be alone left - hold her by the braid when she starts to wrap herself in mice, rats and other creatures; when she becomes a spindle, you need to break it and say, "At one end is a beautiful maiden, at the other a pile of gold"; slap the maiden with a whip and say, "You were a maiden, become a stallion"; he jumps on her, and they do not understand, he is on her or she is on him; they sent a lame girl to the ends of the earth to bring first a lad, then a maiden - unbaptized, unpraying; the lad did not know, the maiden said that he was on her; the poor man's son hit the stallion with a whip: there was a stallion, become a maiden; maiden: now ask me to marry you, you have made a man out of me; a wedding, the parents of the rich bride did not object], 54 [a peasant has three sons, he built a new house, sends his sons to sleep in it - what a dream they will see; the eldest, the middle one see firewood - good; the youngest, how a fox jumped out from under the stove, and a snake from under the bed and bit off his leg; refused to tell; his father sold him to a merchant, he did not tell the merchant either; the merchant sold him to the king, the king put him in prison; he was going to marry; the king's sister: prisoners are released for the wedding; the lad was released; Two people argue over an invisible godmother, seven-league boots, a bread-salon tablecloth; the guy suggests running a race, puts on the invisible one, takes everything, and is transported to the ship on which the tsar was sailing overseas to his bride; the bride sends for a bow to be drawn, Ivan Tsarevich {= the tsar} is unable to do so, the guy draws it invisibly, the bow breaks; the bride: we will sew half a dress, you sew the same, otherwise your head will be off your shoulders; the guy stole the finished half, he had to sew a new one, Ivan has the same as the bride; the same shoes, ring; the guy returned the magical items to the other two, and returned to prison; he was released for the wedding, the sorceress bride found out and cut off his leg with a sabre; the guy to the tsar: here is my dream, your fox sister helped, but the snake bride cut off his leg; he went into the forest on one leg to a hut, and there he was blind,a legless man and a girl-cook; every day Baba Yaga comes to her to suck her tits; they grabbed Baba Yaga, forced her to give her living and dead water, to return her legs and eyes, pushed her into a well, she died, and they were cured; he returned to the king, he was grazing mares, they exchanged clothes; the mares all ran to the stall; the king's wife was surprised: if the husband did not kiss each mare under the tail, they would not return, and then all the stalls were broken; the guy came, began to beat her, She wrapped herself in all sorts of creatures, and when she broke it into a spindle, she found a heap of gold on one end and a beautiful maiden on the other ; to the Tsar: Now you will have a wife, but before you were not a wife, but a snake; from the Tsar he went to his father, but he had a bull tied up, no one could even kill him; he killed him with his fist and never went anywhere else]: 78-80, 172-174, 186-192; Russians (Arkhangelskaya) [the Tsarina dies, the Tsar marries Yagishna; Yagishna gives birth to a Two-Eyed Girl and a Three-Eyed Girl; she sends her stepdaughter Princess Marya to pasture the cows; she bows to the cow's right leg, is well-fed and dressed; Yagishna sends Two-Eyed Girl to watch, M. puts her to sleep; Three-Eyed Girl arrives, M. forgets to put the third eye to sleep; Ya. orders to slaughter a cow; M. asks to give her a gut, a bush grows from it, berries and birds on it; Ivan Tsarevich promises to marry the one who picks him berries; they are given only to M.; she gives birth to a son, goes with her husband to visit her father; Ya. turns her into a goose, gives his daughter in marriage to her; an old servant calls the flying geese, M. comes down, takes off the goose skin, feeds the baby, promises to fly far away the day after tomorrow; I. watches, burns the skin, grabs M.; she turns into a jumper (frog?), a lizard, various reptiles, a spindle; I. breaks it , throws the heel back, the toe in front of him, M. appears; I. says that he will take as a wife the one who jumps on the gate; Yagushna jumps up, I. shot her]: Efimenko 1874, No. 3: 227 (= Afanasyev 1958(1), No. 101: 152-154); Russian (Olonetskaya) [after the death of his wife, a man married a sorceress and sent his daughter, Elena the Beautiful, to her relatives; the new wife asks the mirror if there is anyone more beautiful than her; mirror: EP; the stepmother sent the cook to kill her stepdaughter; EP persuaded her to bring her stepmother a dog's heart, wrapping it in her shorn hair; EP came to the hut, tidied up the place; three hunters came, found EP hiding, made her their sister; having learned from the mirror that EP was alive, the stepmother gave the merchant a poisoned ring and ordered him to sell EP; she died; the brothers put the body in a coffin, the young fisherman took off the ring, EP came back to life; the stepmother smashed the mirror out of anger; EP's father brought home; the tsar invited all the beauties to a feast, promised to marry the one he liked; the stepmother went to a feast with her daughters, telling her stepdaughter to separate the curdled milk from the milk; the father advises EP to go to her mother's grave; the youngest of the three hunter brothers picked her up and brought her to the feast; he brought her back in the evening, by this time the curdled milk had separated from the milk; the next day - the same thing (separate the flour from the ashes, the middle of the hunter brothers took her); on the third day - the eldest brother, to separate the clay in a brick from the sand; the prince liked EP, he married her; the stepmother decided to destroy her; when EP gave birth to a son, the stepmother went with her to the bathhouse, turned her into a deer, replaced her with her youngest daughter; the child cries, but stops after the shepherd began to carry him into the forest; the prince followed; a herd of deer runs past the shepherd; he asks if the mother's baby is in this herd; not in this one; a second herd; a doe came out of the third and lay down to let the baby suckle; a shot rang out {whose?}, the doe hopped on three legs; another shot - on two; after the third shot she fell; the prince grabbed her, the shepherd put a horn to her ear, began to play; she became a snake, the snake - a wolverine, rushed at the prince, he threw a cross on her she became EP ; she begged not to execute the stepmother and her daughters, they were sent to live in a faraway place]: Onchukov 2008, No. 253: 455-458; Russians (Zaonezhie) [the poor brother died, a son remained; the rich man sent his nephew to trade overseas; a storm arose; the uncle decided that the nephew was unhappy, left him on a foreign shore; the old man brought him to his hut; married him to a sorceress; A young man wants to visit a house; his wife turns him into a jackdaw, herself into a magpie, and they fly to his mother; he hides his wife's magpie dress in a box and gives the key to his mother; the mother praises her daughter-in-law for her beauty; daughter-in-law: you should have seen me in a magpie dress! The mother gave her the dress, the daughter-in-law flew away; the backwoods grandmother gave her husband a ball of yarn; he followed her to the old woman; she gave him a towel, and sent him to another old woman; she brought back her missing wife; she hit him with a switch; she changed herself into a snake, a frog, and then a girl , and the magpie dress was gone; they returned home; a feast for the whole world]: Onegina 1986, no. 20: 82-85; Russian (Olonetskaya, Yandomozero village) [a merchant went away on business, and his wife gave birth to a girl, her legs up to the knees in gold, her arms up to the elbows in silver, and pearls in her hair; ships stood at sea; a water spirit: give me what you don’t know at home; at home a wife comes to meet him with her daughter Solomanida in her arms; S. has grown up; a voice under the windows: we’ll come for our daughter; the father and mother secretly left; S. asked the goat to help; he orders him to harness him to the sleigh, and take a brush and comb; they ride, S. hid in the sleigh under the straw; suitors come towards them; the goat replies that S. is waiting for them; this happens twice; he orders S. to listen: pursuit; throw down the comb: forest from earth to sky; then the brush: forest and mountain to sky; the water spirits were unable to break through; S. lives in the city with an old woman, embroiders carpets, she sells them; a rich merchant (hereinafter: prince) married her, agreed to take the goat as well; S. began to give birth, the father-in-law went for a midwife, Egibikha came to meet him; she let S. go to the water sprites, replaced her with her daughter; the newborn boy cries, the imaginary wife asks to slaughter the goat; the prince came to slaughter him, the goat asks to be released to the shore; S. swam up as a duck, shed her feathers, began to cry; the prince came to the old woman, she explained everything to him, ordered him to forge an iron rod and take a pot with hot coals; S. will shed her duck feathers, they must be burned, stuffed into the pot; S. will take the form of animals, bears, reptiles, etc., you must hold her with pincers and beat her with a rod ; when it becomes a spindle - break it, throw the heel back, there will be a golden mountain, and in front - S.; Egibikha's daughter was tied to 39 horses; they began to live well and feed the goat]: Onchukov 2008, No. 227: 402-405; Russian (tale from Afanasyev's notes) [the king orders his three sons to shoot, to marry a girl from the house where the arrow hits; the eldest take the daughters of the minister and the general, the youngest Ivan - a frog (otherwise she will not let him out of the chisel); at night the frog takes off its skin, becomes a beauty; the king asks that the daughters-in-law 1) sew him a shirt each, 2) make carpets embroidered with gold; the frog orders the winds, they bring everything; 3) bake bread; The Frog pours flour into cold water, puts it in an unheated oven, takes out the loaves; the other daughters-in-law do the same, nothing works, they hastily light the oven, the bread burns; 4) at the feast the Frog appears as a beauty, pours and puts what they didn’t drink, didn’t eat up her sleeves, dancing, splashes out the lake with swans, then it disappears; the other daughters-in-law imitate, pour scraps on everyone; I. burns the frog skin, Vasilisa the Wise orders to look for it in the thirtieth kingdom; Baba Yaga teaches that when VP arrives, you need to grab her by the head; she will turn into a frog, a toad, a snake, an arrow; you need to break the arrow ; I. releases the arrow, VP flies away; the same with sister BYa, I. breaks the arrow, returns from VP on a flying carpet]: Afanasyev 1958(3), No. 570: 356-361; Russian (Arkhangelskaya: Pinega, d. Lebskaya, Ya. E. Golchikov, soldier, village shoemaker, 1927) [A soldier decides to run away from service, "they'll kill me anyway," writes on his bag "bag, serve yourself," on his gun "tell the captain, I won't serve." He goes into a rich house and feasts. At night, Black Golovnya comes, knocks with one foot, asks the soldier to be silent for three nights, no matter what they do to him, says that she is an enchanted princess, and the "bumps" around the house are an enchanted provincial town. At night, the soldier's comrade in service comes, followed by a sergeant major, they persuade Ivan to return to his place, he remains silent. In the morning, Golovnya comes, she has become a beauty up to her chest. She tells Ivan that if he holds out for two more nights, she will be completely cured. During the day the soldier drank vodka again, ate his fill, had fun, at night the officers come, demand that Ivan return, are going to whip him with rods, but with the coming of dawn they disappear. Only Golovnya's legs remain enchanted. On the third night a general, a colonel and an army of soldiers arrive, they promise to forgive him if he returns to service. They chop off the soldier's head, arms and legs, but he feels no pain. In the morning the Tsar-Maiden (Golovnya) comes, tells Ivan to get up and he turns out to be safe, he sees the provincial town outside the window. The girl says that he saved her and the whole city, calls him her master, gives him a ring. He becomes the Tsar. But she is not yet completely disenchanted, at night the Tsar Maiden becomes Golovnya, wears a black dress, Ivan burns it and she flies away as a turtledove ("now you will not see me until you pass through the quicksand, you will not gain great power"). Ivan refuses to take another wife, goes to look for the Tsar Maiden, puts on iron boots and a hat, takes a staff. The road is difficult, Ivan finds himself between a rocky bank and a river of quicksand, gives the Mogovey bird wine to drink and catches it. He asks to carry him across the river, she sobers up and carries him. Ivan comes to the city, goes to an old widow, she tells her that the Tsar Maiden is her goddaughter, that many are asking for her hand in marriage. Ivan sees the dead Copper Hero in the street, buries him (he does not bury the others, because this requires a thousand rubles, Ivan did not spare). For this, the hero brings him to his tent at night, gives him a drink of strong water - gives Ivan his strength, his armor and horse. The same thing is repeated with the Silver (2 thousand rubles) and Golden (3 thousand rubles) heroes. The Golden hero, after giving Ivan strong water, asks if the earth carries him, he answers, "hesitates", gives him weak water and the earth carries Ivan again. The Golden hero promises that one day each of the heroes will rise from the grave and help Ivan. He returns to the old woman, she puts him in the closet, says that her goddaughter will come to her, if she refuses Ivan, he must come out of the closet and beat her, he does so, the girl does not want to marry the savior-soldier, when the general asks for her hand in marriage. She turns into a snake, a lioness, a tigress, a bear , but Ivan does not stop beating her. She becomes a beauty, says that Ivan has beaten off all her wiles, and she will become a faithful wife. They get married. Ivan mounts a copper horse, gallops across the field, but falls into an enemy army, defeats it. Celebrates the victory, feasts. An even larger army approaches, Ivan defeats it on a silver horse. Celebrates the victory. For the third time, Ivan rides a golden horse, but the army is too large, he calls three heroes for help. Celebrates the victory for a week, the old tsar gives the state to Ivan]: Karnaukhova 1934, No. 138: 266-273; Russian (Moscow) [once upon a time there was Stroy, the wife died, the new one tells her stepdaughter to spin flax, but gives her no food; the cow chews flax, the yarn comes out of her mouth; the cow tells to get in one ear and out the other - the girl became a beauty and was well fed; the stepmother spied on her and demanded that the cow be slaughtered; the cow tells her stepdaughter to ask for the entrails and legs and bury them; an orchard with golden apples grew; the master proposed to the mistress; the stepmother wanted to palm off her daughter, but the rooster crowed that the girl was under the trough; the master took the girl and the orchard followed them; a son was born; when he was six months old, the young lady went to visit her stepmother; she took her to the bathhouse and turned her into a lynx; the nanny carries the child out; the cowherds answer that the lynx herd is far away; the sheep herders - that it is close; the Stroyev's daughter ran out of the herd, took off the skin, fed the child; the master spied on her, burned the skin, grabbed his wife; she turns into a snake, a toad, a spindle ; he broke the spindle, threw the end in front of him, the heel behind him, “Let there be a white birch behind me, and the former princess before me”; they began to live happily ever after]: Vedernikova, Samodelova 1998, No. 48: 106-107; Russian (Voronezh) [A dying wife predicts that her husband will soon marry again and forget about his daughter. She leaves her a cow as a dowry, forbids her to eat it, and if she is slaughtered, orders that the bones be collected and buried. The father marries again, the new wife brings her three daughters. They offend the stepdaughter. The stepmother sends her with the eldest daughter, the one-eyed one, to pasture the cows and comb flax, the stepdaughter puts her stepsister's eye to sleep and gives the cow flax, which chews and spits out the yarn. She wakes up her sister, and they return home. The stepmother scolds her own daughter for not spinning anything. The next day, she sends the two-eyed one with the stepdaughter, everything is repeated. On the third day, the stepdaughter goes with the three-eyed one, puts two of her eyes to sleep, and forgets about the third. The three-eyed one tells her mother what she saw, and she convinces her husband to slaughter the cow. The stepdaughter does not eat cow meat, collects bones, buries them in a place where an apple tree later grows. The daughter asks her father to bring a golden saucer from the city. The apple on the saucer shows distant cities. The master asks to pick an apple for him, the branches of the tree droop when the stepdaughter approaches, the sisters do not give in. The master takes the stepdaughter as his wife and takes her away. She comes to visit her father and stepmother with a child. The stepmother turns her into a dove, sends Two-Eyes together with the stepdaughter's child to the master, passing her off as his wife. Two-Eyes lives with the master, regularly goes out into the field with the child, calls his mother (addresses a flock of pigeons, "The lynx is young, the lynx is good, feed your child"). The master watches his wife, sees how the dove descends, takes off its wings and feeds his child, the husband burns the wings, the bird cannot fly away. She turns into a stake - he chops it, into a spindle - breaks it, into a fine fellow - dips it in water . The stepdaughter regains her appearance]: Baryshnikova 2007, No. 16: 93-96; Russians (North) [Ivan Tsarevich wounded a swan, brought it into the tent; someone cooks and cleans; the third time I. catches and grabs the girl; she resists, turned into a golden spindle, I. broke it , threw the heel in front of him (be a young woman), and the tip behind his back (be a scarlet flower); they have a son; in the spring the backyard grandmother tells I. to guard his wife; the swans are flying, each offers to throw off a wing; the wife answers her father and sister that she has Ivanushka here; he tells the mother to throw off her wing, the wife caught it, but I. grabbed her; she began to cry]: Karnaukhova 1948: 173-177; Ukrainians (Transcarpathia) [a poor man's horse stops; an important gentleman says that the horse will go if the poor man promises to give him what he doesn't know at home; at that time his wife gave birth; three months later his son Ivan grows up and leaves; the old man explains that he was sold to the Devil; he must hide in a hollow by the sea, the Devil's three daughters will come to bathe, he must take the ring of the third; she will take the form of water, fire, snakes , but the ring must be given for a promise to become I.'s wife; and so it happened, the wife carries I. to her father; he demands 1) in a day to make a field in place of the forest, collect the harvest, bake bread; 2) to throw a bridge to the faraway kingdom (the little devils do everything by order of the wife); 3) to kill a green hare; the wife enters the sea, I.'s father and mother pass by; it was a hare; the third time - I.'s grandmother, I. shoots, the grandmother turns into a hare; the Devil orders the eldest daughters to turn into mares, but I.'s wife promises to give them in marriage to his brothers; I. and his wife run away, turn into a monastery and a monk, wheat and a boy, the Devil does not recognize them; the third time the Devil chases, recognizes the daughter and son-in-law in the form of a lake and a gander, takes away I.'s eyes; her daughter becomes a spring, the Devil bends down to drink, drops her eyes, the wife returns them to I.; wedding]: Fairy Tales of Verkhovyna 1970: 196-202; Ukrainians (Galicia) [the king orders his three sons to shoot arrows and take wives wherever the arrow hits; the eldest took a noblewoman, the middle one a peasant woman, the youngest a frog; the king will give the throne to the one whose wife weaves the best carpet; in the evening the frog jumped onto the windowsill and sang; 12 gentlemen and 12 ladies brought silk, brocade, pearls, and gems into the room, and in the morning the carpet is ready; whoever cooks the best food (ditto; they brought milk, honey, butter, etc.); bring the wives themselves; in the morning there is a beauty in the bedroom; the king is ready to pass the throne to his youngest son; orders them to hurry home and throw the frog skin into the fire; After this the princess said that her husband would never see her again, and flew out the window as a cuckoo; the king sent his son to look for her; in the forest he came to a witch; she said that in the evenings a cuckoo came to her; she told him to hide under the bed, and then to jump out and grab the cuckoo when it sat on her, the witch's, shoulder; the captured cuckoo would turn into a fish, into a snake, into a spindle ; it was necessary to break it, and the wife would be disenchanted; but the fish slipped out of the prince's hands; the witch sent him to her elder sister; there too, this time a snake slipped out; he was sent to the eldest sister; he broke the spindle, the wife was reborn; the prince lived with his wife and ruled happily ever after]: Kaindl 1889b, no. 3: 185-188; Ukrainians (Podolia) [the king has three sons; each one shot an arrow: wherever it falls, there he will take a wife; the arrows of the elder ones fell into palaces, the youngest - into the lake to the turtle; the king orders his daughters-in-law to bake bread; the turtle became a lady, baked the best; the king orders his sons to come with their wives; the turtle threw off its shell, arrived in a carriage harnessed by 8 horses; at the feast, bones and wine, hides, pours into sleeves; after the feast she waved - a pond, and ducks are swimming on it; the husband ran home, burned the shell; the wife left; the prince went in search; there is a palace in the steppe; the woman points out where the wife is; the prince grabbed her, she turned into a snake, he released her; the second time - the same; the third time she turned into different creatures, but he did not release her ; [they began to live together]: Levchenko 1928, No. 533: 444-445; Ukrainians (Poltava, Pereyaslav district, Boryspil) [the master took a peasant girl and abandoned his mistress, the lady; the young woman took two doves with her; gave birth to a child; the mistress went to a fortune teller; she told him to go swimming with the woman, hit her on the back and tell her to become a duck; the mistress put on her clothes, the master did not notice anything; the duck flew to the kitchen window, asks the cook if her husband is sleeping with the lady (yes); are the doves cooing (no); is the child sleeping (no); asks to be let in to the child; cook: the lady did not allow it; told the master; he hid under the window, told it to be opened; the master called the woman, she threw a red shawl on the duck's neck; the duck became a cat, a dog, then a woman again ; [they tied the mistress to a horse and let her go into the field]: Chubinsky 1878, No. 139: 454-456; Ukrainians (Poltava, Pereyaslav district, Boryspil) [a poor man and his daughter see the same dream; in order to buy hemp, weave a seine and catch fish; they caught three pikes; each asks the girl to let her go; the first promises to make her a beauty; the second, that with every movement gold coins will begin to fall from her; the third - the prince's husband; and so it happened; the prince's former mistress turned to a fortune teller; she orders that the ribbon with which her and the prince's hands were tied during the wedding be thrown around the queen's neck and that she be beaten with a stick; she will begin to turn into a mouse, a cat, a dog, a she-wolf and all sorts of creatures , and when she becomes a bird, then let her go; the prince's wife flew away as a goose; the mistress replaced her and he did not notice; the prince's cook found a nest in a pine tree, and in it a baby; he brought it to the palace; the prince saw; a goose flew in, the prince ordered the window to be opened, realized the deception; sent the cook to find out how to break the spell; one woman taught him to take the same ribbon and put it around the goose's neck; she became a wife again, and the mistress was tied to the horses' tails]: Chubinsky 1878, No. 140: 457-459; Slovaks [when the forester brought the hare, the wife was going to cook it, but the cat stole the meat; the wife cut off her breast and roasted it for her husband; the next day she told him; they agreed to kill first Janek, then Evicka - the forester's children from his first marriage; E. heard; she taught J. to run into the room where her stepmother would be combing her hair, grab the ribbon, and run away; she would pretend to be running after her brother to return the ribbon; seeing that the children were already near the forest, the stepmother cursed them: let them turn into animals from whose tracks they would drink; E. does not let J. drink from bear or wolf water, he drinks from deer water, becomes a fawn; she herself drinks from the well, becomes a golden-haired beauty with a star on her forehead; a young king finds her and takes her as his wife; in the absence of her husband, she gives birth to a boy with a golden star on his forehead; the old woman pushes E. into the water, replaces him in bed with her daughter; the baby cries, the fawn carries him to the Danube, asks the ducks to show the way to the mother; the ducks answer that she is one of them; the mother flies back as a duck, becomes a woman, feeds the baby, returns to the river; this happens every day; the king returns, the imaginary wife wants the fawn's meat; the king goes after the fawn when it carries the baby to its mother; the king grabs his wife, she turns into ducks, into monsters {it is not said which ones}, but he does not let go; E. and J. take on human form; the king asks the old woman what he deserves who tried to destroy two innocent people and doom a third to misfortune, she replies that such a person should be put in a barrel of nails, rolled down a mountain; [they did the same to the old woman and her daughter]: Dobšinský 1970, no. 12: 69-74 (slightly abridged translation in Bogatyrev 1955: 110-116); Slovaks [Ibronka is the most beautiful of all, but the only one without a boyfriend; when the girls gather to spin, they laugh at her; she says - let the devil take her; a handsome man comes, the girls envy; seeing I. off, he disappears before midnight, no one knows where; she tied a thread to his clothes; the thread leads to the cemetery, I. sees her boyfriend eating carrion from the bones; soon he comes to her and asks what she saw; I. says: nothing; in that case her brother will die; I.: then he will rest; so with all the members of the family; left alone, I. asks to drag her coffin under the threshold, let the pony carry it, to bury her where it stops; the vampire comes again - this time he promises that I. herself will die; the pony stopped at a fork in the road; a lily grew on the grave; the young gentleman saw it, sent a servant to pick it - the lily disappeared; then the gentleman picked it himself, put it in his hat, brought it home; at night I. came out of the lily, tidied up everything; on the third night the gentleman tells the servant to watch; he sees how I. kissed the sleeping gentleman and again became a lily; the servant did not tell and the gentleman himself began to guard; he grabbed I. when she came to his bed; she turned into a toad, a lizard, a snake etc., but eventually became a girl; they got married; a daughter was born; but I. does not go to church; her husband persuaded her and she saw a vampire there; in the evening he came and asked her what she had seen in the cemetery; if she did not tell, her daughter would die; she confessed; the vampire disappeared, and I. died again and lies in a grave at a fork in the road; her husband remained to raise their daughter]: Dobšinský 1970, no. 32: 173-177; Poles (Lublin) [after drinking water from the trace of a sheep's hoof, the brother turned into a lamb; the king seizes his wife when she is in the form of a goose; she turns into a snake, an otter, a mole , and finally regains her human form]: Bolte, Polívka 1913: 92; Poles [an aging king orders his three sons to take wives wherever an arrow will fall; the eldest married a senator's daughter, the middle one - a landowner, the youngest's arrow hit a forest swamp where a frog was sitting; he orders them to take her to the palace and answer that he married an oriental beauty whom no one should see; the king orders the daughters-in-law to weave a carpet by morning; the frog calls for assistants, 7 heavenly maidens descended on a sunbeam, wove the best carpet; bake bread (ditto); the frog says that her mother is the Queen of Light, who hid her from enemies by turning her into a frog; the king wants to see his daughters-in-law; the frog teaches: if it rains, she bathes in the May dew; if the weather clears up, she gets dressed; thunder - is approaching; at a feast, the king advises his son to go and burn the frog's skin; after that the wife turned into a duck and flew away; the prince came to a field of poppies, there was a hut on crooked legs; he told her to turn her back to the forest, and the door to him; the old woman Jandza was there; he told her to hide and catch the duck when it flew in; when it became a spindle, to break it; the duck became a dove, a hawk, a snake ; the prince let her go and she flew away as a duck; I gave her a ball of yarn, she had to go and get it from her older sister; this time the duck finally turned into a spindle and the prince broke it; then the wife took the form of a girl; they rode in a golden carriage across a crystal bridge to the prince's father]: Glinski 1920: 1-13;.

Baltoscandia. Western Sami [Njávešeadnidattera met a prince, he fell in love with her; the ugly Háhcešeadnidattera tried in vain to seduce the prince; before the wedding the king: the one who picks berries faster will get a son; H. filled a basket with stones, put berries on top; but the king exposed the deception and chose N.; N. and her brother sailed on a ship; H. ducked from the shore onto the ship, sat between N. and her brother; the brother tells his sister to dress well; N. does not hear, asks again; H.: your brother tells you to dress and jump into the water like a duck; H. chopped off her legs, then she was able to put on N.'s shoes; the crow: why is there blood flowing? H. was brought into a dark room, but it did not give light; H. complains that the bed is hard; the prince ordered to bring the softest linen; H.: we need sticks, etc.; then she said soft; but the prince could not lie on it, and the bride smelled bad; the brother said that H. was not his sister; the healer ordered to play the violin on the shore for three evenings; the mermaid lifted H. above the water; she asks to be brought closer - water in her ears, the sound of the sea in her ears; the brother grabbed the girl; she turned into different objects and creatures; when she became a spindle, the brother broke it , threw half into the sea, and the other became H.; H.: I will not return to the castle until H. is burned; H. almost extinguished the fire with her urine, but they still burned her, and there was no trace left; H. was brought into the room, it lit up]: Pollan 2005, no. 15: 76-79; Poestion 1886, no. 6 [the brother and sister live alone; a prince arrived, fell in love with a girl, left for a year, ordered the girl, her brother, and the child she would bear to come to him by that time; they were sailing in a boat across a lake; on the shore, Attijis-ene asked to be taken as a servant; the sister did not want to, the brother took her; A. sat in the middle of the boat, and the sister and brother were at the ends; they did not hear each other, A. allegedly conveyed his brother's words to his sister, but distorted them; the brother told her to put on her best dress; A.: give the dress to me, throw yourself into the lake, and you will become a golden duck; the sister threw herself into the water, A. picked up the child; the prince took A.; the brother called his sister at the shore - the baby was crying; the sister went out, fed the baby, became a duck again, and swam away; the next time another man hid behind the brother, grabbed the young woman; she turned into a worm, a mole, sea grass, a mosquito ; finally, she remained a woman; A. the prince pushed into a pit of burning resin; wedding]: 39-42; Danes [When his father was dying, he gave Johannes 7 marks; he used them to buy a dead man whom his creditors had thrown out of the grave; a man went with him into the forest and asked to be called Friend; an old woman was carrying brushwood, she broke her leg, Friend cured her with a miracle oil; an eagle and a falcon began to fight, fell down dead; Friend took with him the eagle's wings and the falcon's paws; the princess demands that he guess what she thinks three times, hangs the unsuccessful contenders in her garden; while Johannes sleeps, Friend turns into a falcon, flies after the princess, beats her with a twig, she thinks it's hail; flying out of the palace, she flies to the mountain, knocks, a terrible troll opens; in the hall on the throne is a troll and a princess, animals and reptiles are dancing; the troll advises the princess to think about her gloves, Friend hears this; tells I., he answers the princess; the next time - about shoes; the third time the troll flew after the princess, told her to think about his head, Friend cut it off, hid it in a bag, gave it to I.; I. opened the bag, in it was the head the princess was thinking about; gets a wife; Friend tells them to put a basin of water by the bed; I. dips the princess in it, she turns into a duck, into a swan , I. does not let go, she becomes a human, the spell is broken; Friend says that he is that dead man, disappears]: Surits 1991: 54-58; Swedes [an episode from a fairy tale; on the princess's wedding day, her stepmother-queen turned her into a nightingale, and her brother and heir to the throne into a wolf; a few years later, the prince-groom sees the nightingale and asks if it can talk; the princess-nightingale told everything, but refused to become a human again; the prince seized her; she changed into a tiger, a lion, an otter, a snake, a scorpion, a tarantula, and a dragon , and then became a bird again; the prince cut his finger and anointed her with his blood; the princess was reborn; the wolf also became a prince, the prince – a king]: Montalba 1849: 127-129; Lutsey (zap. 1893) [the parents are dead, the three brothers are away on business, the sister is home alone; a she-devil comes, tempts him to go with her, feeds him pancakes; the cat asks him not to listen and not to go anywhere; the she-devil broke the cat's legs; the next time she tore off his ears; the third time she gouged out his eyes; the cat is finished; when the she-devil came the fourth time, there was no one to protect the girl; the she-devil threw her into a coffin and burned her, put on her shadow; the girl's shadow turned into a bird, flies to meet her brothers, sings to the eldest: to whom will he give earrings, to whom pearls; the eldest brother drives the bird away; the same with the middle one; the youngest listens; at home the brothers feel the substitution: the sister is rude, dissatisfied; the youngest goes to the healer; he tells him to catch the bird and keep it; it will turn into snakes, lizards, bears, wolves ; only when it becomes a spindle - put it under the bed and cross it, it will become a girl; call the devil to the bathhouse, give beer, throw it into the cauldron and cover with a lid; everything happened just like that]: Annom et al. 2018: 178-181; Lutsey (Zap. 1893) [a young man works as a coachman for a gentleman; he painted a portrait of his beautiful sister; the gentleman asks him to bring her; at the lake, the brother suggests going along the shore, and the sister suggests going across the lake as in winter; at the lake, a she-devil makes her give up all her clothes, turns her into a duck; the brother does not notice the substitution, but the gentleman sees that the bride is far from the image in the portrait, puts the brother behind 12 locks; every night the duck flies to the woman, turns into a girl, asks how the gentleman and his wife are living; the woman: like a cat and a dog; the girl: so be it, since my brother is under lock and key; after each visit one lock comes off; the woman goes to a healer; she orders her to throw feathers into the fire on the last night (after the 12th visit, the sister would remain a duck forever) and grab the girl; she will turn into a snake, a lizard, a larva, a bear, a wolf, a dog, a cow ; when it becomes a spindle, break it, put it in bed; and so it happened, in the morning the girl is in bed; the brother comes out of the dungeon, shows the master his real sister; the master asked the she-devil what kind of beer she wanted; from horse manure; offered to try, pushed her into a boiling cauldron and closed the lid; the brother, sister, her husband began to live, are still living]: Annom et al. 2018: 188-191; Lutsey [the mother sent three daughters to pick berries; only the youngest picked diligently and her mother praised her; the third time the envious sisters killed her, said that a wolf ate her; the brother went to the forest to make a kantele; a birch tree asks him to cut it down for this; the knowledgeable (tark) explains that the birch is his sister; tells him to play with it himself first, then give it to his father, mother, eldest and middle sisters; then grab the kantele and don’t let go; it will turn into a snake, a lizard, a wolf, a bear and everything else; when it turns into a spindle, break it , put half under your pillow, the other half at your feet and go to bed; every time the kantele sings that her envious sisters killed her; in the morning the living sister is sitting on the bed; the older sisters were tied to the tail of a horse]: Kallas 1900: 357-359 in Haavio 1952: 154-155; Setu [two married brothers decide to get rid of their sister; they tell their wives to send her to the forest to bring them lunch; the wives feel sorry for the girl, they bring the food themselves; the brothers insist that their sister come, they lock her in an oak tub, leave her in the forest; the brothers' wives call her to the bathhouse; the youngest hears a weak voice - I am in an oak tub, the lid is nailed with a rowan dowel; from this pin grew a rowan tree, it had one bunch of berries; a boy from a forest farm picked it, brought it home; now someone cooks and cleans the house; the boy catches the girl, she turns into a bunch of berries, a bird, a spindle , he does not let her go; he marries; they visit their brothers, they are ashamed]: Normann, Tammpere 1989: 53-57 (=Põder, Tanner 2000: 161-165, =Järv 2020: 221-223); Seto [a brother was taken into the army, the king noticed him in church, took him to his place; the brother praises the beauty of his sister; the king tells him to bring her; he took her across the sea, asked her something; she asks again from the stern; the witch says for him: become a dove and jump into the sea; takes her place; the king sees the ugly woman, throws his brother into prison; a turtledove flew to the brewer, shed her feathers, asks how her brother is; brewer: they feed him bones and crusts; she made a shirt for the king, flew away; the fake wife says that she made the shirt; the next night the same thing (a pair of shoes); the third - a pair of mittens; the brewer tells the king; he grabbed the girl; she turned into different animals; then into a spindle ; as the brewer taught, the king broke it, threw one half, brought the other to bed, the wife was reborn; the witch was pushed into a beer barrel and covered with hot stones; [the king gave half his kingdom to his wife's brother]: Säärits 2022: 309-311; Veps [dying, an old man tells his son to marry the one who comes out to meet him first; the first one was a bird, the guy took it into the house; the old woman-neighbor tells him to give her some linen and tell her to sew a shirt and pants; she sewed them; the old woman tells him to take some twigs and watch outside the door; the guy saw the girl, began to whip her with the twigs; she turned into a snake, into a wolf; when she became a spindle , the guy broke it, stuck it under a stump, said "There is a golden mountain behind, a young wife ahead"; Baba Yaga's maids found out about the girl, persuade the king, he tells Vanya to bring the baby bag; the wife teaches him to go where they plow on a gray horse, to pluck three hairs; where the earth shakes, throw hairs to the earth, the earth gives a chest of bags; the king orders to prepare a royal dinner; the wife prepared; the king: you know how to make live geese; the wife gives her husband a letter, orders to take two old women with him; they come to the old woman, she answers that her sons make geese; the old woman's sons ask that a light be shined on them; the first old woman went, dozed off, they killed her; the same with the second; the guy went, began to doze; he answers that he was not dozing, but was thinking - more damp or dry earth, more damp; they went to measure, it turned out that there really was more damp; the next time the guy answers that he was not dozing, but took a handkerchief from his pocket; they read - it's their son-in-law! they said that the wife was stolen, everyone is waiting for a feast; one: I'll take it in an hour; the second - in half an hour; the third - in a moment; seeing her husband, the young wife ordered the geese to play; they started playing, turned over the tables, killed many people, the king asks to stop the geese; the guy: first appoint me king; the king appointed]: Onegina, Zaitseva 1996, No. 14: 81-85; Karelians : Konkka 1959 (Kalevala district, 1937), No. 2 [dying, an old man and an old woman tell their son and daughter not to marry; the brother promises the prince to persuade his sister to marry him; she sets a condition: I will not marry as long as the oven stands; the millstone is intact; the threshold is not worn out; the brother breaks the oven, the millstone, cuts down the threshold; takes his sister to the prince; Syuvatar asks him to take her from the shore; the sister does not allow it, but the brother takes her for the third time; S. makes it so that the sister does not hear the words of her brother; conveys that he tells her to jump into the water, to become a black duck; seeing that the woman is ugly, the prince ordered her brother to be locked in the stable; at night the duck calls the dog, orders her to pass the towel; then the tablecloth; the prince transfers his brother to the bulls; to the sheep; the widow teaches the prince to seize the duck when it comes for the last time, to break everything it turns into, to throw it behind him ( it turns into a viper, a worm, a rolling pin, the prince does not let go ); S. was pushed into a pit with burning resin]: 13-18; Onegina 2010, No. 25 (Kalevala district) [the healer gave the peasant water, from which his wife would become pregnant; but he took a sip himself, also became pregnant, went into the forest, gave birth to a girl, threw her into a tree; the prince's dog barks, the girl (she says that the peasant carried her, raised her as a raven, the breeze rocked her, heavenly water washed her) asks to give her clothes; the prince brings her to him, marries her; Syuoyatar became a midwife, in the bathhouse she turned the prince's wife into a doe, stayed with the child together with her; but the cuckoo on her head does not call, the bells on her skirt do not ring, the child cries; the shepherd saw how the doe threw off her skin, became a woman; he answers her that her son is crying; she asks him to bring him to her tomorrow to feed, and then she will migrate with the deer; the shepherd brings him, the woman asks him to bring her son tomorrow too; the shepherd tells the prince about this; the prince threw the deer skin into the fire; the woman became a snake (the prince cut it up), a lizard (the same), a rolling pin , then a man; the cuckoo began to cuckoo, the bells began to ring, the birds on the shoulders began to sing; the prince orders to heat up a hot bathhouse, under the floor there is a fiery pit, S. is led there on a red carpet, she rejoices; having fallen into the pit, she orders that her fingers become devils, earthworms, midges, her hair becomes sedge, thorny thickets; and so it happened; the prince began to live with his wife and child]: 268-271; Stepanova 2000, No. 103 (northern, Tungudskaya volost) [the sister steps with her foot - gold, she cries - beads, the moon on her shoulders, the stars of the Bear on her forehead, the sun on the crown of her head; the brother went to the palace, the prince saw the embroidery on the hoop, asked who did the embroidery, ordered to bring his sister; sister said she would not marry until the millstone handle broke from work; brother sawed through the handle; until the bench made by father collapses; the spinning wheel made by father breaks; the threshold does not break; brother saws it every time; sister agrees, they go in a boat, Syottjariha asks to take her, puts sleeping needles in her sister's ears, tells her to spit in the sheath, jump into the sea, sister swam as a duck, brother brought S.; the prince put his brother under lock and key - why did he bring an ugly one; sister swims to the widow's house, becomes a girl, sews on an embroidery frame, the widow sells; tells the prince to hide behind the stove, throw the duck feathers into the stove, grab his wife; she turned into a snake, he beat her, did not let her go , she became a woman; they dug a hole, took S. to the bathhouse, pushed her into the hole, let her brother out; S.'s mother came, saw two blades of grass, wanted to pick them, her daughter screamed from the hole, "This is my umbilical cord, don't touch it"; the mother went to the gate, was glad that her daughter was there, the prince ordered her to be lifted up onto the gate]: 181-183; Schreck 1887, No. 9 (Russian Karelia) [a husband and wife went to look for a lost sheep; a witch turned the woman into a black sheep, took her appearance, the husband did not notice the substitution; the witch-wife asks to slaughter the sheep; the daughter knows that it is the mother; the sheep tells her not to eat it, to collect the bones and bury them; a birch tree grew in this place; the witch-wife also gave birth to a daughter, began to tyrannize her stepdaughter; the king invites everyone to a celebration; the stepmother tells her stepdaughter to separate the barley from the ashes; the mother's voice from under the birch tree tells her to take a birch branch, it does the job; the girl becomes a beauty, she is wearing a luxurious dress, a horse is next to her; the prince sat the girl next to him, and the witch's daughter gnawed bones under the table; the prince smeared the door with resin, the girl's ring stuck; at home she leaves the dress and horse by the birch tree; the next time the task is to separate the hemp seeds; the same, the girl's golden hair hoop sticks to the door; the third time the witch pours milk into the ashes; a golden slipper sticks to the door; the prince gathers everyone to try it on; the witch squeezes her own daughter's finger, head and foot into the ring, hoop and slipper; the prince must marry the ugly woman; he takes both girls from the witch's house; crossing a river, throws the ugly woman as a bridge, crosses it, marries the beauty, but everyone thinks that she is the witch's daughter; the ugly woman remains lying as a bridge, hemlock grows out of her; the witch wants to cut her down, hears the voice of her daughter, makes her human again; comes to the young princess, turns her into a deer, leaves her daughter in her place; the princess's baby cries; a certain widow teaches the prince to give her the baby to take to the forest; the princess-deer comes to feed him; says that this will be for three days, and then she will leave forever with the deer; the third time the widow offers to clean the princess's head; she takes off the deer skin; the hidden king throws the skin into the fire; the princess turns into a spinning wheel, into a beater for washing clothes, into a spindle , but the husband destroys these guises, the princess remains a woman; the prince orders to prepare a tar pit, light it, cover it from above, calls the witch and her daughter, they fall through, burn; the witch manages to stick her finger out, says that (from her) worms will appear in the earth, mosquitoes in the air, to cause suffering to people], 10 (Russian Karelia) [after the death of his parents, the son got a job as a shepherd for the king, the daughter remained at home; gave her brother her portrait; seeing it, the prince fell in love; sister: before the millstone left by my parents will wear out, before I leave my father's house; the brother broke the millstone, joined the halves; when the sister began to work, the millstone split; sister: I will not go until the spinning wheel breaks; the brother broke it, the spinning wheel broke; the same - father's mortar; threshold; the sister had to get married; it was necessary to sail on the sea; the sister took her dog with her; the witch from the shore: take me; they did not take me twice, but on the third cape the brother decided to take me; the witch made them deaf; the brother to the sister: the castle is visible, dress beautifully; the sister asks the witch again; she: the brother tells you to put down the oars and jump into the sea; the sister gave the oars to the witch, but did not jump into the sea; the next time the brother asks to put on jewelry, the witch tells her to take off her dress and jewelry, jump into the sea; the sister takes it off, but does not jump; the third time she jumped, the witch rowed away from her; the brother had to give the witch in marriage to his sister; she put on her clothes and jewelry; because the bride turned out to be ugly, the prince ordered his brother to be thrown to the dragons and snakes, but they did not touch him; the sister at the bottom of the sea became the bride of the sea king; she made a hat of gold and silver for the prince so that he would free her brother, but she could not go ashore, she was held by a silver chain; her little dog was wandering around the castle; the widow had an iron platform that went out into the sea; the sister came out onto it, asked the dog to take the hat to the prince, asked what was in the house; she answered that a witch was in charge there; the widow told the prince everything; the next night the sister made a shirt of gold and silver, the dog took it again; the witch says that her hands make both the hat and the shirt themselves while she sleeps; the widow teaches on the third night to cut the silver chain with a scythe; the sister will turn into different creatures, she must not be let go ; the sister prepared trousers for the prince; the prince threw his chain on her, cut the silver one; the sister turned into an earthworm, a fly, a lizard, a spindle, etc.; the prince took her to the widow's house, freed his brother; the prince orders a tar pit to be prepared, lit, covered from above, orders the servants to take the witch away, she falls in, burns, sticks out a hair, says that worms will emerge from it in the ground, mosquitoes in the air, harmful caterpillars to cause suffering to people; wedding; brother appointed chief adviser, receives half of the treasure]: 63-74, 74-85; Finns [the ogress turns the heroine's mother into a sheep, takes her place, and slaughters the sheep; a birch tree grows from the collected bones; the imaginary mother tells the heroine to 1) sort out the grain, 2) collect the spilled milk (to do this, wave a birch branch crosswise); magic dresses; they come to the party; the ogress's daughter is kicked when she is gnawing bones under the table; her arm and leg are broken, and her eye is knocked out; the heroine runs away from the party three times; a tar trap in which her ring, ear ring, and slipper remain; marriage to the one who fits these items; the ogress's daughter has an artificial arm, leg, and eye; the prince takes the heroine and the ogress's daughter to the castle, pushes the ogress's daughter into the river to make a bridge, and rides across it with the bride; a hemlock grows out of the body of the ogress's daughter, the ogress cuts it down; a son is born to the prince and the heroine; the ogress turns the heroine into a deer, sets up the deceiver; the deer goes out to nurse her child; the prince seizes his wife, she turns into a spindle, a rolling pin, a distaff , etc., then back into a woman; when the ogress is executed, she promises that worms, snakes, and harmful insects will emerge from her]: Salmelainen 1871, no. 8: 59-67 in Cox 1893, no. 95: 38; Latvians [a brother and sister run away from their stepmother; the sister does not allow them to drink from a cow, horse, or sheep's track; the brother drinks from a sheep's track, turns into a lamb; the master marries the girl, leaves; she gives birth to a son, the stepmother throws a lynx skin over her, replaces her with her daughter; the lamb asks the servant to tie the baby to its horns, brings it to the forest; the sister throws off the lynx skin, feeds the baby; after the third time, the woman will become a lynx forever; the servant calls the master, he grabs his wife, she turns into a terrible animal, he does not let go; turns into a branch, the master breaks it , throws it, sees his wife; when the witch and her daughter are killed, the lamb becomes a boy again]: Arijs 1971: 216-218 (=Skrīvele 2018: 113-114); Latvians [a son is promised to a mermaid; an old man gives him a protective ring; the son resolves a dispute between animals, they grant him the ability to turn into a lion, an eagle, a dog and an ant; he flies to the royal palace, marries the princess; while hunting, he pursues a doe, jumps into the water after her, but cannot get out of the water – the ring was left at home; the wife goes to look for her husband; the mermaid (she was the doe) allows the wife to talk to her husband, he orders her to bring the ring; the next day, having received the golden apples, the mermaid allows the wife to kiss her husband; she gives him the ring; as punishment, the wife must burn for 7 years; the husband and the mermaid try to overcome each other through various transformations ; finally, the mermaid turns into a stone; the husband throws it into the flame, and it turns into his wife]: Arijs, Medne 1977, No. 316: 275.

Western Amazonia. Napo [someone steals pepper from the garden of two brothers; they hide, seize two women; they turn into snakes, wasps, etc.; the elder released his, the younger brought her to his mother, saying that it was a yaku-warmi ("water woman"); at night the mother saw her son embracing a large snake; the daughter-in-law gave birth, the mother-in-law found the child under her bed in a pile of leaves, made him cry so that the mother would come; the yaku-warmi went with the child into the river; the husband came to the bank, the wife took him to hers; at first the man sees snakes, then they seem like people to him; brings to his mother the masato given by his wife, returns to the river forever]: Mercier 1979: 94-97; napo or canelo [two youths sleep in the open, one asks the other which star he wants; they sing, two star-girls descend to them, the young men seize them; each one turns into a snake, a scorpion, a poisonous ant , bites; one releases his, the other does not, takes her as his wife]: Ortíz de Villalba 1989, no. 39: 73; aguaruna [someone steals pepper from the garden of two brothers; they hid, seized two women; they turned into snakes, wasps, etc .; the elder released his, the younger brought her to his mother, saying that she was a yaku-warmi ("water woman"); at night the mother saw her son hugging a large snake; the daughter-in-law gave birth, the mother-in-law found the child under her bed in a pile of leaves, made him cry so that the mother would come; the yaku-warmi went with the child to the river; the husband came to the shore, the wife took her to hers; At first a man sees snakes, then they seem like people to him; he brings to his mother the masato given by his wife, and returns to the river forever]: Mercier 1979: 94-97.

Eastern Amazonia. Shipaya [the wife died; the husband's brother made a shelter in the forest for hunting birds; sitting there at night, he heard voices at a deer watering place; the husband set an ambush, killed the stranger with an arrow; the wife, in order to escape, turned into a jaguar, a snake, a scorpion , but he did not let her go; when she became an ant, the husband stuffed her into a calabash, brought her home; the wife took her previous form, but seeing her open grave, left the village; at the site of the killed stranger, relatives found the corpse of a white deer; at night the owner of the dead Wuba appeared to the husband, asked why he had killed him; if he had taken his wife and let W. go, the dead, having lived with him, would return home; the man began to live with his wife (apparently, who had returned), they have a son; the husband was going to go on a campaign against the Kayapo, the wife told him not to do this, he did not obey, was killed; [The woman killed her son and left, carrying the body]: Nimuendaju 1922: 372-373.

Montaña – Jurua. Kashinahua : Ans 1975 [a man was throwing fruits from a genipa tree; a tapir picked them up and threw them into the lake, and a beauty came out of the water to him; the next day the man himself threw the fruits and grabbed the woman; she turned into a boa constrictor, a tarantula, a firebrand , but he did not let her go; they began to live on the bottom among caimans and snakes; the tapir went into the water but did not wait for the woman, and still often stands in the water; the earthly wife almost caught an ishkin fish; he told the man to return to her; one day the man approached the lake, the snakes began to swallow him, and he died; people learned from him how to prepare ayahuasca]: 122-124; Tastevin 1926 [a man sees a tapir throwing genipa fruits into the water and having sex with a woman who came out; the next morning - the same thing, two girls came out, the man grabbed one, she turned into a tree, a stream, a thorn , but he did not let her go; they went down to her parents, at the bottom of a field of corn, peanuts; the wife did not allow the caiman to rush at the man; five years later, against the wishes of his wife, the man came out on dry land; a downpour poured down, the man went out to hunt, he was grabbed by a snake; people pulled him out of its mouth, but all his bones were already broken; from this man people learned the secret of making a drug]: 171-172; sharanaua [the hunter sees how the Tapir came to the lake with genipa fruits, threw them into the water; a beauty came out of the water, began to copulate with the tapir; the hunter overheard what time they appointed a new meeting, he himself threw the fruits; grabbed the woman; she changed her appearance, undergoing various metamorphoses , but still got together with the hunter; rubbed his eyes with leaves, he began to see under water; fish threatened him with spears; the woman's father and mother had a menacing look; despite the ban, the hunter drank the narcotic shori and then saw an anaconda instead of his father-in-law, etc.; those around him blew on him until the intoxication passed; the fish ishki swam out with the man, left him on the shore, and returned to the water himself]: Siskind 1973: 138-140; urarina [people almost kill a fisherman boy by burying him in the mud, his father sends a flood; people escape the flood on the Erythrina elei tree; during the long night they throw down fruits to find out if the water has subsided; the man sends down to reconnoitre first one son, who turns into a heron, then the second, who turns into a Caracara plancus bird, then goes down himself; finds a hut with food prepared in it; he hides in a hole, sees a boat descending from the sky; in the stern sits his destined wife, dressed in tapu, "our goddess", in the bow is her servant, she did not know how to make bast material; she cries out that another is destined for him, but he does not let her; she {in the text – "he", but obviously it is this woman} successively orders a snake (pit viper, Bothrops piuctus), a spider, a giant ant (Isula, Myrmca saevissima, the bite is very painful) to bite him, but he does not let go; that is why there are still people who do not know how to make bast material; and the destined wife flew away like a bird; they did not copulate, but only hugged; in order to make a child, the wife rolled a ball of cotton; when the husband returned from hunting, the cotton child was already walking towards him and calling him; the husband lay in wait, saw how his wife makes children; she said that she wanted children to appear without suffering; if you do not abstain from sex for 10 months after childbirth, the child will be sick; but the husband got together with her, the child got sick, died; var. (p.39): the child keeps asking to write, the father in a rage cuts him in half, he turns into a cricket]: Dean 1994: 25-28; setebo[a man stuns a fish with poison; he sees a strange boy pick it up; he says that his father sent him; the man buries the boy in clay on the shore; another man finds him, saves him; he tells him to climb a high genipa, which has a lot of fruits - his father will punish people with darkness and a flood; the man warns others, they do not believe him, they arrange a holiday; rain floods the earth; having climbed a tree, a man with his wife and children see how others turn into palm trees (palmera), tuquituquis birds; those who survived find a vessel with food supplies on the tree; the man throws down fruits to find out if the water has receded; as this happens, the water level decreases, the last fruit falls into the mud, dawn breaks; the man's son turns into a huancahui bird, flies away; the wife is afraid to climb down, turns into a termite nest; the man goes down, wanders in search of people, each time, returning to the tree, he finds a vessel with a drink next to it; hides in a hole, sees a boat coming from upriver, with one woman in the stern, another in the bow; the one in the bow gets off first, the man grabs her; she says that his father Inca sent him the one in the stern; she orders various poisonous insects to bite him, but he does not let her go; so the servant girl stays with the man; two days later she gives birth to a boy, three days later to a girl, they immediately grow up; the third time the husband spies, so the child dies; the wife says that now people will start dying]: Bardales Rodríguez 1979: 42-47.